Latest items for PW-PRACTICE-1
Feb. 6, 2023, 12:07 p.m.
Countries: Kyrgyzstan
Variables: PW-PRACTICE-1
"The Committee [on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women] notes with concern…the persistence and social legitimization of polygamy" (16).
Variables: PW-PRACTICE-1
"The Committee [on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women] notes with concern…the persistence and social legitimization of polygamy" (16).
Feb. 4, 2023, 8:40 a.m.
Countries: Iraq
Variables: MARR-PRACTICE-1, PW-PRACTICE-1
"[There is a] persistence of harmful practices that discriminate against women, such as child marriage, temporary marriage (mut’ah marriage, in which marriage is terminated after a specified period), forced marriage, female genital mutilation and crimes committed in the name of 'honour'." (5). "[F]orced marriages and temporary marriages (mut’ah marriages) have been used by men to traffic women within the State party or to neighbouring countries, such as Jordan, Kuwait and the Syrian Arab Republic, for purposes of sexual exploitation" (7).
Variables: MARR-PRACTICE-1, PW-PRACTICE-1
"[There is a] persistence of harmful practices that discriminate against women, such as child marriage, temporary marriage (mut’ah marriage, in which marriage is terminated after a specified period), forced marriage, female genital mutilation and crimes committed in the name of 'honour'." (5). "[F]orced marriages and temporary marriages (mut’ah marriages) have been used by men to traffic women within the State party or to neighbouring countries, such as Jordan, Kuwait and the Syrian Arab Republic, for purposes of sexual exploitation" (7).
Sept. 16, 2022, 1:53 p.m.
Countries: Namibia
Variables: PW-PRACTICE-1
"In one case, a widow was allowed to remain in the matrimonial homestead, but land tenure rights were given to and registered under a different person’s name; a male member of her late husband, as shown in the excerpt below. 'My husband and I settled somewhere else in 1969 before we moved here 10 years later to look for better land. A few years later, he got a second wife and made her ‘okaumbo’ (a little house) on our land. The two had a son. Before he passed away, he went to the headman to request that his land be registered in the name of his son who does not...more
Variables: PW-PRACTICE-1
"In one case, a widow was allowed to remain in the matrimonial homestead, but land tenure rights were given to and registered under a different person’s name; a male member of her late husband, as shown in the excerpt below. 'My husband and I settled somewhere else in 1969 before we moved here 10 years later to look for better land. A few years later, he got a second wife and made her ‘okaumbo’ (a little house) on our land. The two had a son. Before he passed away, he went to the headman to request that his land be registered in the name of his son who does not...more
Jan. 6, 2022, 12:09 p.m.
Countries: Somalia
Variables: PW-PRACTICE-1
"Yes, there are temporary marriages and it is called - 'qudba siro' (secret marriages). The man will not make a home for her, she is a secret and in most cases temporary" (1).
Variables: PW-PRACTICE-1
"Yes, there are temporary marriages and it is called - 'qudba siro' (secret marriages). The man will not make a home for her, she is a secret and in most cases temporary" (1).
Feb. 15, 2021, 9:45 p.m.
Countries: Egypt
Variables: PW-PRACTICE-1
“'It’s a form of child prostitution in the guise of marriage,' Azza El-Ashmawy, director of the Child Anti-Trafficking Unit at the National Council for Childhood and Motherhood (NCCM) tells IPS. 'The man pays a sum of money and will stay with the girl for a few days or the summer, or will take her back to his country for domestic work or prostitution.' The girl is returned to her family when the marriage ends, usually to be married off again. 'Some girls have been married 60 times by the time they turn 18,' says El-Ashmawy. 'Most ‘marriages’ last for just a couple of days or weeks" (para 4-5).more
Variables: PW-PRACTICE-1
“'It’s a form of child prostitution in the guise of marriage,' Azza El-Ashmawy, director of the Child Anti-Trafficking Unit at the National Council for Childhood and Motherhood (NCCM) tells IPS. 'The man pays a sum of money and will stay with the girl for a few days or the summer, or will take her back to his country for domestic work or prostitution.' The girl is returned to her family when the marriage ends, usually to be married off again. 'Some girls have been married 60 times by the time they turn 18,' says El-Ashmawy. 'Most ‘marriages’ last for just a couple of days or weeks" (para 4-5).more
Sept. 24, 2019, 9:18 p.m.
Countries: Mauritius
Variables: MARR-PRACTICE-1, PW-PRACTICE-1
"Men from Middle Eastern and North African countries use legally contracted temporary marriages to sexually exploit Mauritanian girls and young women. Mauritanian women and girls from poor families enter into these forced marriages, facilitated by brokers and travel agencies in both Mauritania and in the Middle East promising substantial payment, and are exploited as sex slaves and in forced prostitution in Saudi Arabia and other Gulf countries" (329).
Variables: MARR-PRACTICE-1, PW-PRACTICE-1
"Men from Middle Eastern and North African countries use legally contracted temporary marriages to sexually exploit Mauritanian girls and young women. Mauritanian women and girls from poor families enter into these forced marriages, facilitated by brokers and travel agencies in both Mauritania and in the Middle East promising substantial payment, and are exploited as sex slaves and in forced prostitution in Saudi Arabia and other Gulf countries" (329).
Sept. 24, 2019, 9:18 p.m.
Countries: Yemen
Variables: PW-PRACTICE-1
" Some Saudi men used legally contracted 'temporary marriages,' authorized by relevant Islamic authorities, for the purpose of sexually exploiting Yemeni girls, some reportedly as young as 10 years old" (520)
Variables: PW-PRACTICE-1
" Some Saudi men used legally contracted 'temporary marriages,' authorized by relevant Islamic authorities, for the purpose of sexually exploiting Yemeni girls, some reportedly as young as 10 years old" (520)
Sept. 24, 2019, 9:17 p.m.
Countries: Syria
Variables: PW-PRACTICE-1
"Syrian refugee women and girls are also vulnerable to forced or 'temporary marriages'—for the purpose of prostitution and other forms of exploitation—and sex trafficking in refugee camps, Jordan, and cities in the Iraqi Kurdistan Region (IKR), including Sulaimaniya" (452).
Variables: PW-PRACTICE-1
"Syrian refugee women and girls are also vulnerable to forced or 'temporary marriages'—for the purpose of prostitution and other forms of exploitation—and sex trafficking in refugee camps, Jordan, and cities in the Iraqi Kurdistan Region (IKR), including Sulaimaniya" (452).
June 20, 2019, 11:09 a.m.
Countries: Afghanistan
Variables: PW-PRACTICE-1
"Harmful marriage practices, including the swapping of daughters in marriages between two families (badal) often through an agreement made when the children are very young, the giving of girls to resolve disputes (baad), polygamy, and the sale of women through marriage agreements continue mostly unchecked" (1).
Variables: PW-PRACTICE-1
"Harmful marriage practices, including the swapping of daughters in marriages between two families (badal) often through an agreement made when the children are very young, the giving of girls to resolve disputes (baad), polygamy, and the sale of women through marriage agreements continue mostly unchecked" (1).
May 28, 2019, 5:40 p.m.
Countries: Yemen
Variables: PW-PRACTICE-1
"In the past the government enacted regulations to reduce a form of sex tourism in which significant numbers of foreigners, particularly Saudis and Emiratis, entered into temporary marriages with young Yemeni women (as is possible under Islamic law). They then left the bride, frequently pregnant, without means of support, to return to their countries of origin, where they would terminate the temporary marriage" (14). "Prior to the outbreak of conflict, observers reported the practice of foreigners visiting the country to enter short-term marriages with underage girls. No laws specifically address sex tourism from outside the country, but it was particularly a problem in Aden and Sana’a. In 2014 the Ministry...more
Variables: PW-PRACTICE-1
"In the past the government enacted regulations to reduce a form of sex tourism in which significant numbers of foreigners, particularly Saudis and Emiratis, entered into temporary marriages with young Yemeni women (as is possible under Islamic law). They then left the bride, frequently pregnant, without means of support, to return to their countries of origin, where they would terminate the temporary marriage" (14). "Prior to the outbreak of conflict, observers reported the practice of foreigners visiting the country to enter short-term marriages with underage girls. No laws specifically address sex tourism from outside the country, but it was particularly a problem in Aden and Sana’a. In 2014 the Ministry...more
Oct. 22, 2018, 9:31 p.m.
Countries: Iran
Variables: PW-PRACTICE-1, POLY-LAW-1
"The law does not grant temporary wives and any resulting children rights associated with traditional marriage, but the contract is enforceable, and recognized children can obtain documentation and have limited rights" (para 156)
Variables: PW-PRACTICE-1, POLY-LAW-1
"The law does not grant temporary wives and any resulting children rights associated with traditional marriage, but the contract is enforceable, and recognized children can obtain documentation and have limited rights" (para 156)
Sept. 26, 2018, 10:41 a.m.
Countries: Eritrea
Variables: PW-PRACTICE-1
"In reality, some male Eritreans, by virtue of their religion - those who follow sharia law, do practice polygamy" (7).
Variables: PW-PRACTICE-1
"In reality, some male Eritreans, by virtue of their religion - those who follow sharia law, do practice polygamy" (7).
Sept. 24, 2018, 10:50 p.m.
Countries: Iraq
Variables: PW-PRACTICE-1
"Women and girls were at times sexually exploited through so-called temporary marriages, a practice more common in Shia than in Sunni traditions, under which a man gives the family of the girl or woman dowry money in exchange for permission to “marry” her for a specified, limited period" (para 248). "Girls between the ages of 11 and 18 told UNICEF that early marriage was the primary obstacle to completing their education. Early and forced marriages, as well as abusive temporary marriages, were more prevalent in Da’esh-controlled areas. In February HRW interviewed 20 Yezidi women and girls who escaped from Da’esh captivity; nearly all said that they had been forced into...more
Variables: PW-PRACTICE-1
"Women and girls were at times sexually exploited through so-called temporary marriages, a practice more common in Shia than in Sunni traditions, under which a man gives the family of the girl or woman dowry money in exchange for permission to “marry” her for a specified, limited period" (para 248). "Girls between the ages of 11 and 18 told UNICEF that early marriage was the primary obstacle to completing their education. Early and forced marriages, as well as abusive temporary marriages, were more prevalent in Da’esh-controlled areas. In February HRW interviewed 20 Yezidi women and girls who escaped from Da’esh captivity; nearly all said that they had been forced into...more
Nov. 27, 2017, 3:37 p.m.
Countries: Iran
Variables: PW-PRACTICE-1
"‘A 46 year old man suspected and stabbed his temporary wife of only 15 years of age and killed the man who was speaking with her on the street with repeated knife stabbings'" (para 5).
Variables: PW-PRACTICE-1
"‘A 46 year old man suspected and stabbed his temporary wife of only 15 years of age and killed the man who was speaking with her on the street with repeated knife stabbings'" (para 5).
Oct. 26, 2017, 11:20 a.m.
Countries: Russia
Variables: PW-PRACTICE-1
"He [Chechnya’s dictator Ramzan Kadyrov] advocates polygamy as the solution when women run foul of traditional law, saying it is 'better to be a second or third wife than to be killed'. Though he officially bans under-age marriage and bridal abduction, cases of local security servicemen forcing very young girls into marriages, and as second or de facto temporary wives have been reported. Women’s activists told me that parents are afraid their daughters be seen in public, especially in the evenings, for fear of them being noticed by people in positions of power. Families cannot resist pressure from powerful security types who may seek to take them for marriage"(para 16)more
Variables: PW-PRACTICE-1
"He [Chechnya’s dictator Ramzan Kadyrov] advocates polygamy as the solution when women run foul of traditional law, saying it is 'better to be a second or third wife than to be killed'. Though he officially bans under-age marriage and bridal abduction, cases of local security servicemen forcing very young girls into marriages, and as second or de facto temporary wives have been reported. Women’s activists told me that parents are afraid their daughters be seen in public, especially in the evenings, for fear of them being noticed by people in positions of power. Families cannot resist pressure from powerful security types who may seek to take them for marriage"(para 16)more
Sept. 1, 2017, 1:17 p.m.
Countries: Morocco
Variables: PW-PRACTICE-1
“Zioual points the finger at the imposition of harshly patriarchal customs from the Middle East, particularly in recent decades. ‘The active marginalization and oppression of women has come from Arab countries — it is the Arab male who has this culture,’ she says of … the enduring practice of ‘repudiation’ (instant male-pronounced divorce) [and] polygamy ” (para 16). “‘Since 2004 in Morocco, a man is not supposed to repudiate and divorce his wife and take another spouse without her unforced permission. But the reality is most women don’t know they have these rights or can’t exercise them,’ says Zioual” (para 21). “Women in regional areas like the Atlas Mountains are...more
Variables: PW-PRACTICE-1
“Zioual points the finger at the imposition of harshly patriarchal customs from the Middle East, particularly in recent decades. ‘The active marginalization and oppression of women has come from Arab countries — it is the Arab male who has this culture,’ she says of … the enduring practice of ‘repudiation’ (instant male-pronounced divorce) [and] polygamy ” (para 16). “‘Since 2004 in Morocco, a man is not supposed to repudiate and divorce his wife and take another spouse without her unforced permission. But the reality is most women don’t know they have these rights or can’t exercise them,’ says Zioual” (para 21). “Women in regional areas like the Atlas Mountains are...more
Sept. 1, 2017, 10:18 a.m.
Countries: Egypt
Variables: PW-PRACTICE-1
"Hundreds of under-age Egyptian girls enter temporary marriages with rich tourists from the Persian Gulf during the summer in return for money for their families. These unions – dubbed summer marriages – are not legally binding and end when the foreigners return to their own countries. It was a summer′s day in 2008 when someone knocked at the door. Howeida was 15 years old at the time. A man stood in the doorway. He spoke briefly to her father and her step-mother. Then the matter was settled: Howeida would be married to a man from Saudi Arabia for a sum of around 1750 euros. The 'marriage' lasted a whole 20...more
Variables: PW-PRACTICE-1
"Hundreds of under-age Egyptian girls enter temporary marriages with rich tourists from the Persian Gulf during the summer in return for money for their families. These unions – dubbed summer marriages – are not legally binding and end when the foreigners return to their own countries. It was a summer′s day in 2008 when someone knocked at the door. Howeida was 15 years old at the time. A man stood in the doorway. He spoke briefly to her father and her step-mother. Then the matter was settled: Howeida would be married to a man from Saudi Arabia for a sum of around 1750 euros. The 'marriage' lasted a whole 20...more
June 8, 2017, 2:19 p.m.
Countries: Zimbabwe
Variables: PW-PRACTICE-1, PW-PRACTICE-2, PW-PRACTICE-3
"Traditionally, in Shona culture for example, a man could marry sisters with the eldest wife consenting to the new arrival" (para 21)
Variables: PW-PRACTICE-1, PW-PRACTICE-2, PW-PRACTICE-3
"Traditionally, in Shona culture for example, a man could marry sisters with the eldest wife consenting to the new arrival" (para 21)
Sept. 13, 2016, 5:02 p.m.
Countries: India
Variables: PW-PRACTICE-1
“Just hours after Shagufta Sayyd was married, her new husband told her he was having a relationship with another woman. He was clear the two would have no future, the 21-year-old Sayyd said. He was only marrying her to please his mother. ‘He said, “no, I don't want to keep you,”’ she said. ‘So he said, “divorce, divorce, divorce,” three times, and that was it’" (para 1-3).
Variables: PW-PRACTICE-1
“Just hours after Shagufta Sayyd was married, her new husband told her he was having a relationship with another woman. He was clear the two would have no future, the 21-year-old Sayyd said. He was only marrying her to please his mother. ‘He said, “no, I don't want to keep you,”’ she said. ‘So he said, “divorce, divorce, divorce,” three times, and that was it’" (para 1-3).
Aug. 24, 2016, 9:08 p.m.
Countries: Egypt
Variables: TRAFF-PRACTICE-2, PW-PRACTICE-1
"According to a 2015 Trafficking in Persons Report, foreign men, especially from Gulf countries 'purchase Egyptian women and girls for ‘temporary’ or ‘summer’ marriages for the purpose of prostitution or forced labor; these arrangements are often facilitated by the victims’ parents and marriage brokers, who profit from the transaction'" (para 7)
Variables: TRAFF-PRACTICE-2, PW-PRACTICE-1
"According to a 2015 Trafficking in Persons Report, foreign men, especially from Gulf countries 'purchase Egyptian women and girls for ‘temporary’ or ‘summer’ marriages for the purpose of prostitution or forced labor; these arrangements are often facilitated by the victims’ parents and marriage brokers, who profit from the transaction'" (para 7)
Aug. 13, 2016, 7:58 p.m.
Countries: Algeria
Variables: PW-PRACTICE-1, PW-PRACTICE-3, PW-LAW-1, PW-DATA-1
“The law affirms the religiously based practice of allowing a man to marry as many as four wives. The law permits polygamy only upon the agreement of the first wife and the determination of a judge as to the husband’s financial ability to support an additional wife. A joint Ministry of Health and UN study from 2013 estimated that 3 percent of marriages were polygamous. It was unclear whether authorities followed the law in all cases” (31).
Variables: PW-PRACTICE-1, PW-PRACTICE-3, PW-LAW-1, PW-DATA-1
“The law affirms the religiously based practice of allowing a man to marry as many as four wives. The law permits polygamy only upon the agreement of the first wife and the determination of a judge as to the husband’s financial ability to support an additional wife. A joint Ministry of Health and UN study from 2013 estimated that 3 percent of marriages were polygamous. It was unclear whether authorities followed the law in all cases” (31).
June 20, 2016, 2:22 p.m.
Countries: Philippines
Variables: PW-PRACTICE-1
"The MCW mandates that customary laws related to marital relations shall be respected, provided that they do not discriminate against women. In the Philippines, this primarily affects Presidential Decree 1038 or the Code of Muslim Personal Laws (CMPL) as it contains “discriminatory” provisions relating to early marriage, polygamy and divorce as well as unequal inheritance rights. For example, Article 27 of the CMPL states that no Muslim male can have more than one wife unless he can deal with them with equal companionship and just treatment as enjoined by Islamic law and only in exceptional cases. Some Moro women claim that men contracting subsequent marriages often disregard these conditions" (8).more
Variables: PW-PRACTICE-1
"The MCW mandates that customary laws related to marital relations shall be respected, provided that they do not discriminate against women. In the Philippines, this primarily affects Presidential Decree 1038 or the Code of Muslim Personal Laws (CMPL) as it contains “discriminatory” provisions relating to early marriage, polygamy and divorce as well as unequal inheritance rights. For example, Article 27 of the CMPL states that no Muslim male can have more than one wife unless he can deal with them with equal companionship and just treatment as enjoined by Islamic law and only in exceptional cases. Some Moro women claim that men contracting subsequent marriages often disregard these conditions" (8).more
June 4, 2016, 10:15 a.m.
Countries: Yemen
Variables: PW-PRACTICE-1
"Some Saudi men used legally contracted 'temporary marriages' for the purpose of sexually exploiting Yemeni girls—some reportedly as young as 10 years old, and some of whom are later abandoned on the streets of Saudi Arabia" (365)
Variables: PW-PRACTICE-1
"Some Saudi men used legally contracted 'temporary marriages' for the purpose of sexually exploiting Yemeni girls—some reportedly as young as 10 years old, and some of whom are later abandoned on the streets of Saudi Arabia" (365)
May 1, 2016, 2:08 p.m.
Countries: Rwanda
Variables: PW-PRACTICE-1, PW-DATA-1
“Polygyny, the practice of having more than one spouse, is not widely practiced in Rwanda; only 4 percent of men have more than one wife. The differentials by background characteristics are small, however, the proportion of men in polygynous unions is slightly higher in East province (6 percent) than in other provinces” (22).
Variables: PW-PRACTICE-1, PW-DATA-1
“Polygyny, the practice of having more than one spouse, is not widely practiced in Rwanda; only 4 percent of men have more than one wife. The differentials by background characteristics are small, however, the proportion of men in polygynous unions is slightly higher in East province (6 percent) than in other provinces” (22).
April 8, 2016, 4:35 p.m.
Countries: Kyrgyzstan
Variables: PW-PRACTICE-1
"The Sezim Center reported approximately 50 percent of its clients were in unregistered marriages, which do not have legal force. Observers reported there was a greater frequency of early marriage, polygamy, and bride kidnapping in connection with unregistered religious marriages" (29)
Variables: PW-PRACTICE-1
"The Sezim Center reported approximately 50 percent of its clients were in unregistered marriages, which do not have legal force. Observers reported there was a greater frequency of early marriage, polygamy, and bride kidnapping in connection with unregistered religious marriages" (29)
April 7, 2016, 11:14 p.m.
Countries: Iran
Variables: PW-PRACTICE-1
"For women who depend entirely on their husband’s income, sharing that with a second, third or fourth wife can mean severe financial hardship. According to Shi’a Islam, Iranian men can already take any number of 'temporary wives' without informing their first wife. The length of a temporary marriage is defined in advance and can last anything from hours to decades. Temporary wives generally face social ostracism, and their children may face difficulties in accessing public services such as education because if the marriage is unregistered, it may be hard for the mother to prove paternity” (para 1)
Variables: PW-PRACTICE-1
"For women who depend entirely on their husband’s income, sharing that with a second, third or fourth wife can mean severe financial hardship. According to Shi’a Islam, Iranian men can already take any number of 'temporary wives' without informing their first wife. The length of a temporary marriage is defined in advance and can last anything from hours to decades. Temporary wives generally face social ostracism, and their children may face difficulties in accessing public services such as education because if the marriage is unregistered, it may be hard for the mother to prove paternity” (para 1)
April 7, 2016, 10:50 p.m.
Countries: Indonesia
Variables: PW-PRACTICE-1
"CWGI notes that so-called cultural practices such as child marriage, polygamy, un-registered marriage, are widespread in society, especially in rural areas. Cultural practices are increasingly powerful and difficult to handle especially those which are justified on the basis of a narrow interpretation of religious teachings" (4)
Variables: PW-PRACTICE-1
"CWGI notes that so-called cultural practices such as child marriage, polygamy, un-registered marriage, are widespread in society, especially in rural areas. Cultural practices are increasingly powerful and difficult to handle especially those which are justified on the basis of a narrow interpretation of religious teachings" (4)
April 6, 2016, 8:47 p.m.
Countries: Guyana
Variables: PW-PRACTICE-1, PW-PRACTICE-2, PW-DATA-1
After reading through CEDAW reports, human rights reports and other various materials, polygyny does not seem to be practiced in Guyana.
Variables: PW-PRACTICE-1, PW-PRACTICE-2, PW-DATA-1
After reading through CEDAW reports, human rights reports and other various materials, polygyny does not seem to be practiced in Guyana.
April 5, 2016, 9:24 p.m.
Countries: Fiji
Variables: PW-PRACTICE-1, PW-PRACTICE-3
Polygyny does not seem to be practiced in any form in Fiji, after checking Human Rights reports, CEDAW reports, and other various government and non-government documents. (HS - CODER COMMENT)
Variables: PW-PRACTICE-1, PW-PRACTICE-3
Polygyny does not seem to be practiced in any form in Fiji, after checking Human Rights reports, CEDAW reports, and other various government and non-government documents. (HS - CODER COMMENT)
March 31, 2016, 10:42 p.m.
Countries: Canada
Variables: PW-PRACTICE-1
"Winston Blackmore, a religious leader in the polygamous community of Bountiful near Creston, B.C., laughs with six of his daughters and some of his grandchildren in 2008. On Wednesday the B.C. Supreme Court upheld Canada's laws that make his polygamous relationships illegal"(para 9)
Variables: PW-PRACTICE-1
"Winston Blackmore, a religious leader in the polygamous community of Bountiful near Creston, B.C., laughs with six of his daughters and some of his grandchildren in 2008. On Wednesday the B.C. Supreme Court upheld Canada's laws that make his polygamous relationships illegal"(para 9)