Latest items for MARR-PRACTICE-3
Nov. 5, 2024, 1:18 p.m.
Countries: China
Variables: MARR-PRACTICE-3, CBMC-PRACTICE-1
"Chinese officials see a direct link between fewer marriages and falling births in the country, where social norms and government regulations make it challenging for unmarried couples to have children" (para 7).
Variables: MARR-PRACTICE-3, CBMC-PRACTICE-1
"Chinese officials see a direct link between fewer marriages and falling births in the country, where social norms and government regulations make it challenging for unmarried couples to have children" (para 7).
Nov. 5, 2024, 1:02 p.m.
Countries: China
Variables: MARR-PRACTICE-3
"Under current guidelines, single women are barred from freezing their eggs, with assisted reproductive technologies only available to married women with fertility issues" (para 3). This implies that single parenthood is not seen as acceptable (CEC - CODER COMMENT). "[There are] deeply negative images of single mothers often found in Chinese film, television and literature that reflect long-held patriarchal beliefs about heteronormative family structures" (para 12)."Childbirth out of wedlock is relatively rare in China, partly due to pervasive social stigma and cases of local authorities punishing women through fines or denying the child legal registration to access social benefits such as schooling and healthcare. 'Either they are victims or they...more
Variables: MARR-PRACTICE-3
"Under current guidelines, single women are barred from freezing their eggs, with assisted reproductive technologies only available to married women with fertility issues" (para 3). This implies that single parenthood is not seen as acceptable (CEC - CODER COMMENT). "[There are] deeply negative images of single mothers often found in Chinese film, television and literature that reflect long-held patriarchal beliefs about heteronormative family structures" (para 12)."Childbirth out of wedlock is relatively rare in China, partly due to pervasive social stigma and cases of local authorities punishing women through fines or denying the child legal registration to access social benefits such as schooling and healthcare. 'Either they are victims or they...more
Nov. 21, 2023, 5:44 p.m.
Countries: Australia
Variables: SMES-LAW-1, MARR-PRACTICE-3
"Single parents will be able to access the full 26 weeks, while the leave will be made more flexible with parents able to take it in blocks between periods of paid work" (para. 3). "By 2026, every family with a new baby will be access a total of six months paid leave shared between the two parents. And single parents will be able to access all 26 weeks" (para. 17).
Variables: SMES-LAW-1, MARR-PRACTICE-3
"Single parents will be able to access the full 26 weeks, while the leave will be made more flexible with parents able to take it in blocks between periods of paid work" (para. 3). "By 2026, every family with a new baby will be access a total of six months paid leave shared between the two parents. And single parents will be able to access all 26 weeks" (para. 17).
Oct. 10, 2023, 12:58 p.m.
Countries: South Korea
Variables: MARR-PRACTICE-3
"While having a baby is very much expected of married couples in South Korea, society still frowns on single parents. IVF treatment is not offered to single women, official hospital figures show" (para 18). "'We still have a very puritanical approach to single mothers,' said law professor Cho Hee-kyoung, who writes a newspaper column on social issues" (para 19). ''It’s as if they have done something wrong by becoming pregnant out of wedlock… why does it necessarily have to be within a marriage that you can raise a child?'" (para 20).
Variables: MARR-PRACTICE-3
"While having a baby is very much expected of married couples in South Korea, society still frowns on single parents. IVF treatment is not offered to single women, official hospital figures show" (para 18). "'We still have a very puritanical approach to single mothers,' said law professor Cho Hee-kyoung, who writes a newspaper column on social issues" (para 19). ''It’s as if they have done something wrong by becoming pregnant out of wedlock… why does it necessarily have to be within a marriage that you can raise a child?'" (para 20).
June 14, 2023, 7:56 p.m.
Countries: Bolivia
Variables: MARR-PRACTICE-3
"[S]ingle-parent households are predominantly (33.9%) constituted by and led by women, higher than the rate for men (7.2%)" (2). It seems that society is more acceptable of a woman being a single parent than men (MV-coder comment).
Variables: MARR-PRACTICE-3
"[S]ingle-parent households are predominantly (33.9%) constituted by and led by women, higher than the rate for men (7.2%)" (2). It seems that society is more acceptable of a woman being a single parent than men (MV-coder comment).
May 23, 2023, 11:57 p.m.
Countries: China
Variables: MARR-PRACTICE-3
"[C]hengdu, capital of the southwestern Sichuan province, which legalised registration of children by unmarried women in February, something China is considering implementing nationwide to address record low birth rates. The changes mean unmarried women can take paid maternity leave and receive child subsidies previously only available to married couples. Crucially, Chen could access in-vitro fertility (IVF) treatment legally in a private clinic" (Para.2-3). "Shanghai and the southern Guangdong province have also permitted unmarried women to register their children but IVF services for single women remain banned" (Para.12). "Gender power imbalances, the stigma in Chinese society that single pregnant women face, and the lack of social surveys make it difficult to...more
Variables: MARR-PRACTICE-3
"[C]hengdu, capital of the southwestern Sichuan province, which legalised registration of children by unmarried women in February, something China is considering implementing nationwide to address record low birth rates. The changes mean unmarried women can take paid maternity leave and receive child subsidies previously only available to married couples. Crucially, Chen could access in-vitro fertility (IVF) treatment legally in a private clinic" (Para.2-3). "Shanghai and the southern Guangdong province have also permitted unmarried women to register their children but IVF services for single women remain banned" (Para.12). "Gender power imbalances, the stigma in Chinese society that single pregnant women face, and the lack of social surveys make it difficult to...more
April 28, 2023, 9:47 p.m.
Countries: Tanzania
Variables: MARR-PRACTICE-3
"Some parents worry that, if they delay their daughters’ marriage, they might get pregnant and bring shame to the family...[P]arents feel forced to marry off their daughters as soon as they become pregnant, to avoid shame. Unmarried, pregnant adolescents can face stigma or rejection by their peers and communities" (11).
Variables: MARR-PRACTICE-3
"Some parents worry that, if they delay their daughters’ marriage, they might get pregnant and bring shame to the family...[P]arents feel forced to marry off their daughters as soon as they become pregnant, to avoid shame. Unmarried, pregnant adolescents can face stigma or rejection by their peers and communities" (11).
Feb. 27, 2023, 1:02 p.m.
Countries: South Korea
Variables: MARR-PRACTICE-3
"It would destigmatize births outside of marriage and make domestic duties everyone’s responsibility." (para 19).
Variables: MARR-PRACTICE-3
"It would destigmatize births outside of marriage and make domestic duties everyone’s responsibility." (para 19).
Jan. 11, 2023, 9:37 a.m.
Countries: United Kingdom
Variables: MARR-PRACTICE-3
"The scale of family breakdown has been laid bare by figures showing almost hallf of children do not stay with both parents throughout childhood. A major report reveals that growing numbers of youngsters live across more than one household with separations being 'quite common'. According to the Office of National Statistics one in four families is headed by a lone parent, 90 per cent of whom are women. However, a review into contemporary family life, commissioned by the Government, has found the figure could in reality be as high as one in three" (para 1-3). "The review [commissioned by the Government] cites the Millennium Cohort Study of 19,000 youngsters from...more
Variables: MARR-PRACTICE-3
"The scale of family breakdown has been laid bare by figures showing almost hallf of children do not stay with both parents throughout childhood. A major report reveals that growing numbers of youngsters live across more than one household with separations being 'quite common'. According to the Office of National Statistics one in four families is headed by a lone parent, 90 per cent of whom are women. However, a review into contemporary family life, commissioned by the Government, has found the figure could in reality be as high as one in three" (para 1-3). "The review [commissioned by the Government] cites the Millennium Cohort Study of 19,000 youngsters from...more
Dec. 9, 2022, 2:29 p.m.
Countries: China
Variables: MARR-PRACTICE-3, GIC-LAW-2
"In China, single women are not allowed to freeze their eggs and undergo in vitro fertilization, and are routinely denied care and services available to married women" (para 3).
Variables: MARR-PRACTICE-3, GIC-LAW-2
"In China, single women are not allowed to freeze their eggs and undergo in vitro fertilization, and are routinely denied care and services available to married women" (para 3).
Jan. 6, 2022, 12:09 p.m.
Countries: Somalia
Variables: MARR-PRACTICE-3
"Single parenthood is seen as acceptable in society. It is very rare to find single fathers raising kids. In most cases, mothers are raising kids alone. The society will look down upon a father raising his kids alone" (1).
Variables: MARR-PRACTICE-3
"Single parenthood is seen as acceptable in society. It is very rare to find single fathers raising kids. In most cases, mothers are raising kids alone. The society will look down upon a father raising his kids alone" (1).
Jan. 1, 2021, 3:38 p.m.
Countries: Japan
Variables: MARR-PRACTICE-3
"Yayoi Kimura, a Liberal Democratic member of the House of Representatives...said that when she co-sponsored a bill to provide a tax break for unmarried parents, some of her male colleagues argued that most single mothers were either mistresses of rich men or hyperambitious career women who did not need government assistance" (para 22).
Variables: MARR-PRACTICE-3
"Yayoi Kimura, a Liberal Democratic member of the House of Representatives...said that when she co-sponsored a bill to provide a tax break for unmarried parents, some of her male colleagues argued that most single mothers were either mistresses of rich men or hyperambitious career women who did not need government assistance" (para 22).
May 29, 2020, 12:04 p.m.
Countries: Afghanistan
Variables: MARR-PRACTICE-3
"There was no word in Dari, a language spoken in Afghanistan, to describe a single mother. "They are fighting against a culture that doesn't even recognize them," says Hayeri, a Tehran-based photographer" (para 2). "Women who flee violent relationships don't necessarily want to marry again. Neither do widows who are often pressured to wed a brother of their husband so that their children have a male guardian" (para 5). "That decision [not to remarry] makes them among Afghan society's most vulnerable. Many are disowned by their families. They may be harassed or abused. And with 60 percent of the country unemployed, every woman must find a way to support her...more
Variables: MARR-PRACTICE-3
"There was no word in Dari, a language spoken in Afghanistan, to describe a single mother. "They are fighting against a culture that doesn't even recognize them," says Hayeri, a Tehran-based photographer" (para 2). "Women who flee violent relationships don't necessarily want to marry again. Neither do widows who are often pressured to wed a brother of their husband so that their children have a male guardian" (para 5). "That decision [not to remarry] makes them among Afghan society's most vulnerable. Many are disowned by their families. They may be harassed or abused. And with 60 percent of the country unemployed, every woman must find a way to support her...more
Feb. 14, 2020, 12:34 p.m.
Countries: Lebanon
Variables: MARR-PRACTICE-3
"Citizenship is derived exclusively from the father, resulting in statelessness for children of a citizen mother and a noncitizen father when registration under the father’s nationality is not possible. This discrimination in the nationality law particularly affected Palestinians and, increasingly, Syrians from female-headed households" (23).
Variables: MARR-PRACTICE-3
"Citizenship is derived exclusively from the father, resulting in statelessness for children of a citizen mother and a noncitizen father when registration under the father’s nationality is not possible. This discrimination in the nationality law particularly affected Palestinians and, increasingly, Syrians from female-headed households" (23).
June 11, 2019, 12:13 p.m.
Countries: China
Variables: MARR-PRACTICE-3
"Single women are entitled to reproductive rights, and their children are entitled to the same rights as those born to married parents, according to both the Civil Law and Marriage Law. Since the national family planning law mentions only the rights of married couples, local implementation was inconsistent, and unmarried persons must pay for contraception. Children born to single mothers or unmarried couples are considered 'outside of the policy' and subject to the social compensation fee and the denial of legal documents, such as birth documents and the 'hukou' residence permit. Single women can avoid those penalties by marrying within 60 days of the baby’s birth" (55).
Variables: MARR-PRACTICE-3
"Single women are entitled to reproductive rights, and their children are entitled to the same rights as those born to married parents, according to both the Civil Law and Marriage Law. Since the national family planning law mentions only the rights of married couples, local implementation was inconsistent, and unmarried persons must pay for contraception. Children born to single mothers or unmarried couples are considered 'outside of the policy' and subject to the social compensation fee and the denial of legal documents, such as birth documents and the 'hukou' residence permit. Single women can avoid those penalties by marrying within 60 days of the baby’s birth" (55).
April 19, 2019, 9:51 a.m.
Countries: Bosnia-Herzegovina
Variables: MARR-PRACTICE-3
"Furthermore, the definition of a single parent was introduced, and defined as a parent who independently exercises parental rights over a child whose other parent has either died or is unknown" (37). This is referring to the Family Law of the Federation BiH and the Family Law RS that were amended in 2014 (CCS-CODER COMMENT).
Variables: MARR-PRACTICE-3
"Furthermore, the definition of a single parent was introduced, and defined as a parent who independently exercises parental rights over a child whose other parent has either died or is unknown" (37). This is referring to the Family Law of the Federation BiH and the Family Law RS that were amended in 2014 (CCS-CODER COMMENT).
Jan. 1, 2019, 3:33 p.m.
Countries: Malaysia
Variables: MARR-PRACTICE-3
"The Finance Ministry has endorsed the proposal to create a scheme for housewives under the Employees Provident Fund (EPF), including a monthly allowance payment by the government. . .Other women support groups had endorsed the new scheme for housewives. Some organisations want more to be done for single mothers and their children" (para 1-13). Some groups talk about not enough being done for single moms, which could indicate that single parenthood is not seen as acceptable in society (CEM - CODER COMMENT).
Variables: MARR-PRACTICE-3
"The Finance Ministry has endorsed the proposal to create a scheme for housewives under the Employees Provident Fund (EPF), including a monthly allowance payment by the government. . .Other women support groups had endorsed the new scheme for housewives. Some organisations want more to be done for single mothers and their children" (para 1-13). Some groups talk about not enough being done for single moms, which could indicate that single parenthood is not seen as acceptable in society (CEM - CODER COMMENT).
Nov. 16, 2018, 9:46 a.m.
Countries: Burma/Myanmar
Variables: MARR-PRACTICE-3
In Kayah/Karenni and Shan villages women impregnated outside of wedlock are expelled from the village because they are deemed impure (page 7). "Pregnancy out of marriage/wedlock: Palaung: Women required to hold a village cleaning ceremony, fined, driven out of the village and/or disowned by her family. Source: Palaung Women’s Organisation (PWO). Pa-O: Women are forced to marry another man. Source: Pa-O Women’s Union (PWU). Rakhaing: Women are driven out of the village. Source: Rakhaing Women’s Union (RWU). Shan: Central Shan State: women are driven out of the village and required to lift a very heavy rock if they want to be allowed back in. Other parts of Shan state: women...more
Variables: MARR-PRACTICE-3
In Kayah/Karenni and Shan villages women impregnated outside of wedlock are expelled from the village because they are deemed impure (page 7). "Pregnancy out of marriage/wedlock: Palaung: Women required to hold a village cleaning ceremony, fined, driven out of the village and/or disowned by her family. Source: Palaung Women’s Organisation (PWO). Pa-O: Women are forced to marry another man. Source: Pa-O Women’s Union (PWU). Rakhaing: Women are driven out of the village. Source: Rakhaing Women’s Union (RWU). Shan: Central Shan State: women are driven out of the village and required to lift a very heavy rock if they want to be allowed back in. Other parts of Shan state: women...more
Oct. 27, 2018, 7:47 p.m.
Countries: Mozambique
Variables: MARR-PRACTICE-3
"For many girls, robbed of their own childhoods, their children are the only thing they have left after partners disappear, parents throw them out, and communities look down on them" (para 39).
Variables: MARR-PRACTICE-3
"For many girls, robbed of their own childhoods, their children are the only thing they have left after partners disappear, parents throw them out, and communities look down on them" (para 39).
Oct. 19, 2018, 10:12 p.m.
Countries: Comoros
Variables: MARR-PRACTICE-3, CBMC-PRACTICE-1
"In Comoran society, children born outside of marriage are not highly regarded" (page 61).
Variables: MARR-PRACTICE-3, CBMC-PRACTICE-1
"In Comoran society, children born outside of marriage are not highly regarded" (page 61).
March 20, 2018, 1:29 p.m.
Countries: Gambia
Variables: CLCW-PRACTICE-1, CLCC-LAW-2, MARR-PRACTICE-3, CBMC-PRACTICE-1
"The Committee is concerned about reports that a high number of children are not immediately registered at birth and that cumbersome procedures are in place for the registration of children above 5 years of age. It notes with concern reports of obstacles to the registration of the birth of children born out of wedlock, often resulting from the stigmatization faced by single mothers. The Committee recommends that the State party ensure that all children born in the State party, including those born out of wedlock or in rural areas, are immediately registered at birth to enable them to gain access to citizenship, education and health, and that it take steps...more
Variables: CLCW-PRACTICE-1, CLCC-LAW-2, MARR-PRACTICE-3, CBMC-PRACTICE-1
"The Committee is concerned about reports that a high number of children are not immediately registered at birth and that cumbersome procedures are in place for the registration of children above 5 years of age. It notes with concern reports of obstacles to the registration of the birth of children born out of wedlock, often resulting from the stigmatization faced by single mothers. The Committee recommends that the State party ensure that all children born in the State party, including those born out of wedlock or in rural areas, are immediately registered at birth to enable them to gain access to citizenship, education and health, and that it take steps...more
March 14, 2018, 6:54 p.m.
Countries: Senegal
Variables: MARR-PRACTICE-3, MARR-PRACTICE-7
"The Committee welcomes the adoption of Law No. 99-05 of 29 January 1999 criminalizing female genital mutilation and of a second national action plan to accelerate the elimination female genital mutilation (2010-2015), as well as the measures taken to raise public awareness of harmful practices. It is concerned, however, at the persistence of adverse cultural norms, practices and traditions as well as patriarchal attitudes and deep-rooted stereotypes regarding the roles, responsibilities and identities of women and men in the family and society. It notes that stereotypes contribute to the persistence of violence against women as well as harmful practices, including female genital mutilation, levirate and sororate, child marriage, polygamy, repudiation,...more
Variables: MARR-PRACTICE-3, MARR-PRACTICE-7
"The Committee welcomes the adoption of Law No. 99-05 of 29 January 1999 criminalizing female genital mutilation and of a second national action plan to accelerate the elimination female genital mutilation (2010-2015), as well as the measures taken to raise public awareness of harmful practices. It is concerned, however, at the persistence of adverse cultural norms, practices and traditions as well as patriarchal attitudes and deep-rooted stereotypes regarding the roles, responsibilities and identities of women and men in the family and society. It notes that stereotypes contribute to the persistence of violence against women as well as harmful practices, including female genital mutilation, levirate and sororate, child marriage, polygamy, repudiation,...more
Dec. 28, 2017, 4 p.m.
Countries: Burkina Faso
Variables: MARR-PRACTICE-3
"A small team tries to help the clients, who may be single mothers or prostitutes or both, overcome any sense of victimization they might experience by society" (para 2). "In sandy, dusty Ouagadougou, located in the center of this landlocked country in West Africa, stigmatization is an active form of abuse carried out against young single mothers or prostitutes, which is why the clinic was launched by Keogo, a local association, or charity. The abuse extends to the very place women and girls may seek safety, comfort and medical attention: in hospitals" (para 3). "'I knew I was pregnant after six months because I was really sick,' Djamilatou said. 'I...more
Variables: MARR-PRACTICE-3
"A small team tries to help the clients, who may be single mothers or prostitutes or both, overcome any sense of victimization they might experience by society" (para 2). "In sandy, dusty Ouagadougou, located in the center of this landlocked country in West Africa, stigmatization is an active form of abuse carried out against young single mothers or prostitutes, which is why the clinic was launched by Keogo, a local association, or charity. The abuse extends to the very place women and girls may seek safety, comfort and medical attention: in hospitals" (para 3). "'I knew I was pregnant after six months because I was really sick,' Djamilatou said. 'I...more
Dec. 20, 2017, 1:15 p.m.
Countries: Afghanistan
Variables: CLCC-LAW-2, MARR-PRACTICE-3, CUST-LAW-2
"When she [a divorced Afghani woman] needed government identifications for her children, the clerk never asked about her relationship to them but kept inquiring, 'where is their father?'" (para 5).
Variables: CLCC-LAW-2, MARR-PRACTICE-3, CUST-LAW-2
"When she [a divorced Afghani woman] needed government identifications for her children, the clerk never asked about her relationship to them but kept inquiring, 'where is their father?'" (para 5).
Dec. 7, 2017, 5:29 p.m.
Countries: Turkey
Variables: MARR-PRACTICE-3
"On Jan. 14, the Turkish parliament established an investigative commission called 'Protecting the Integrity of Family,' with the purpose of investigating the causes of the skyrocketing divorce rates" (para 1) (Coder comment: if the government deems it necessary to prevent divorce, we can conclude that society does not view single parenthood as acceptable - ARR).
Variables: MARR-PRACTICE-3
"On Jan. 14, the Turkish parliament established an investigative commission called 'Protecting the Integrity of Family,' with the purpose of investigating the causes of the skyrocketing divorce rates" (para 1) (Coder comment: if the government deems it necessary to prevent divorce, we can conclude that society does not view single parenthood as acceptable - ARR).
Oct. 11, 2017, 3:22 p.m.
Countries: Malaysia
Variables: MARR-PRACTICE-3
"Children conceived, or suspected to have been conceived, out of wedlock are stigmatised" (para 20).
Variables: MARR-PRACTICE-3
"Children conceived, or suspected to have been conceived, out of wedlock are stigmatised" (para 20).
Sept. 21, 2017, 5:35 p.m.
Countries: United States
Variables: MARR-PRACTICE-3, CUST-LAW-2
"This whole legal mess is rooted in laws that were written more than half a century ago, experts say. Back then, society didn't legally acknowledge parental rights for children who were born to unmarried women -- 'or, to use an antiquated term, "born out of wedlock,"' said Multnomah County, Oregon, Circuit Court Judge Katherine Tennyson, president of the National Council of Juvenile and Family Court Judges. 'So traditionally, laws didn't take into account how was the child was conceived'"(para 27-28)
Variables: MARR-PRACTICE-3, CUST-LAW-2
"This whole legal mess is rooted in laws that were written more than half a century ago, experts say. Back then, society didn't legally acknowledge parental rights for children who were born to unmarried women -- 'or, to use an antiquated term, "born out of wedlock,"' said Multnomah County, Oregon, Circuit Court Judge Katherine Tennyson, president of the National Council of Juvenile and Family Court Judges. 'So traditionally, laws didn't take into account how was the child was conceived'"(para 27-28)
Aug. 31, 2017, 10:16 a.m.
Countries: Dominican Republic
Variables: MARR-PRACTICE-3
"Many girls who had become pregnant had felt the social and family pressure to marry" (para 9).
Variables: MARR-PRACTICE-3
"Many girls who had become pregnant had felt the social and family pressure to marry" (para 9).
Aug. 25, 2017, 1:37 p.m.
Countries: United States
Variables: MARR-PRACTICE-3, MARR-LAW-2, CBMC-PRACTICE-1
"Other single women, and to a lesser extent single men, are increasingly choosing to adopt and raise a child in a one-parent household. ... in the United States it estimated that in the last few years approximately 25 percent of special needs adoption and 5 percent of adoptions were by single parents" (para 16).
Variables: MARR-PRACTICE-3, MARR-LAW-2, CBMC-PRACTICE-1
"Other single women, and to a lesser extent single men, are increasingly choosing to adopt and raise a child in a one-parent household. ... in the United States it estimated that in the last few years approximately 25 percent of special needs adoption and 5 percent of adoptions were by single parents" (para 16).
Aug. 25, 2017, 1:35 p.m.
Countries: United Kingdom
Variables: MARR-PRACTICE-3, MARR-LAW-2, CBMC-PRACTICE-1
"Other single women, and to a lesser extent single men, are increasingly choosing to adopt and raise a child in a one-parent household. In the United Kingdom 10 percent of all adoptions between 2012 and 2013 were done by single persons" (para 16).
Variables: MARR-PRACTICE-3, MARR-LAW-2, CBMC-PRACTICE-1
"Other single women, and to a lesser extent single men, are increasingly choosing to adopt and raise a child in a one-parent household. In the United Kingdom 10 percent of all adoptions between 2012 and 2013 were done by single persons" (para 16).