Latest items for MARR-LAW-3
Jan. 16, 2024, 6:33 p.m.
Countries: Botswana
Variables: MARR-LAW-3
"With the Abolition of the Marital Power Act, 2004, women have the right to act in their independent capacity with regard to their personal life and participate in decision making in the case of joint property previously administered by their spouses prior to 2004. This also enables married women to make their own legal representation" (21). "The Abolition of Marital Power Act has enabled women to acquire property and have meaningful participation on joint property which was otherwise administered by their spouses without consent. Most importantly women can acquire their own place of residence on permanent basis and independent of the man" (37). "With regard to the acquisition of immovable...more
Variables: MARR-LAW-3
"With the Abolition of the Marital Power Act, 2004, women have the right to act in their independent capacity with regard to their personal life and participate in decision making in the case of joint property previously administered by their spouses prior to 2004. This also enables married women to make their own legal representation" (21). "The Abolition of Marital Power Act has enabled women to acquire property and have meaningful participation on joint property which was otherwise administered by their spouses without consent. Most importantly women can acquire their own place of residence on permanent basis and independent of the man" (37). "With regard to the acquisition of immovable...more
June 27, 2023, 11:16 p.m.
Countries: Algeria
Variables: MARR-LAW-3
"Married women under 18 may not travel abroad without permission from their husbands, but married women older than 18 may do so" (18).
Variables: MARR-LAW-3
"Married women under 18 may not travel abroad without permission from their husbands, but married women older than 18 may do so" (18).
June 20, 2023, 9:30 p.m.
Countries: Nicaragua
Variables: MARR-LAW-3
"The Family Code (Act No. 870) of 2014 regulates and protects the human rights of all families." (4)(NF - CODER COMMENT - The Family Code ensures that men and women are equal in their marriage and that marriage should be based off of voluntary union). "Under the Civil Code, which has been in force since 1904, women have equal legal capacity to enter freely into contracts, including with their spouses, administer their own property and represent themselves in court. Under the Code of Civil Procedure, as amended in 2015, oral proceedings are encouraged in civil cases. Respect for constitutional principles and guarantees and the imperative right of persons taking part...more
Variables: MARR-LAW-3
"The Family Code (Act No. 870) of 2014 regulates and protects the human rights of all families." (4)(NF - CODER COMMENT - The Family Code ensures that men and women are equal in their marriage and that marriage should be based off of voluntary union). "Under the Civil Code, which has been in force since 1904, women have equal legal capacity to enter freely into contracts, including with their spouses, administer their own property and represent themselves in court. Under the Code of Civil Procedure, as amended in 2015, oral proceedings are encouraged in civil cases. Respect for constitutional principles and guarantees and the imperative right of persons taking part...more
April 1, 2023, 9:26 p.m.
Countries: Uzbekistan
Variables: MARR-LAW-3, MARR-LAW-5
"Under the Family Code, family relations are regulated on the basis of the principle of the voluntary nature of the marital union of a man and a woman, the equality of the spouses’ individual and property rights, the settlement of family issues by mutual consent, the priority of raising children within the family and of children’s well-being and development, and protection of the rights and interests of minors and non-working members of the family. All citizens have equal rights in family relations. Any direct or indirect restriction of rights, or the establishment of direct or indirect privileges upon entering into marriage or interference in family relations on the grounds of...more
Variables: MARR-LAW-3, MARR-LAW-5
"Under the Family Code, family relations are regulated on the basis of the principle of the voluntary nature of the marital union of a man and a woman, the equality of the spouses’ individual and property rights, the settlement of family issues by mutual consent, the priority of raising children within the family and of children’s well-being and development, and protection of the rights and interests of minors and non-working members of the family. All citizens have equal rights in family relations. Any direct or indirect restriction of rights, or the establishment of direct or indirect privileges upon entering into marriage or interference in family relations on the grounds of...more
Jan. 8, 2022, 9:32 p.m.
Countries: Morocco
Variables: MARR-LAW-3, ATFPA-LAW-1
"The family code places the family under the joint responsibility of both spouses" (32).
Variables: MARR-LAW-3, ATFPA-LAW-1
"The family code places the family under the joint responsibility of both spouses" (32).
Jan. 6, 2022, 12:09 p.m.
Countries: Somalia
Variables: MARR-LAW-3
"Legally, a woman does not remain a minor in marriage" (1).
Variables: MARR-LAW-3
"Legally, a woman does not remain a minor in marriage" (1).
Dec. 3, 2021, 9:11 a.m.
Countries: Venezuela
Variables: ERBG-DATA-1, MARR-LAW-3
"Women enjoy the same legal status and rights as men under the constitution. Women and men are legally equal in marriage, and the law provides for gender equality in exercising the right to work. The law specifies that employers must not discriminate against women with regard to pay or working conditions. According to the Ministry of Labor and the Confederation of Workers, regulations protecting women’s labor rights were enforced in the formal sector, although according to the World Economic Forum, women earned 36 percent less on average than men doing comparable jobs" (27-28).
Variables: ERBG-DATA-1, MARR-LAW-3
"Women enjoy the same legal status and rights as men under the constitution. Women and men are legally equal in marriage, and the law provides for gender equality in exercising the right to work. The law specifies that employers must not discriminate against women with regard to pay or working conditions. According to the Ministry of Labor and the Confederation of Workers, regulations protecting women’s labor rights were enforced in the formal sector, although according to the World Economic Forum, women earned 36 percent less on average than men doing comparable jobs" (27-28).
Sept. 25, 2021, 9:48 p.m.
Countries: Czech Republic
Variables: LO-LAW-1, MARR-LAW-3, IAW-LAW-1
"The law grants men and women the same legal status and rights, including under family, religious, personal status, labor, property, nationality, and inheritance laws" (16).
Variables: LO-LAW-1, MARR-LAW-3, IAW-LAW-1
"The law grants men and women the same legal status and rights, including under family, religious, personal status, labor, property, nationality, and inheritance laws" (16).
Aug. 20, 2021, 1:37 p.m.
Countries: Cambodia
Variables: MARR-LAW-3
"The constitution provides for equal rights for women... and equal status in marriage" (22).
Variables: MARR-LAW-3
"The constitution provides for equal rights for women... and equal status in marriage" (22).
July 15, 2021, 11:59 p.m.
Countries: Saudi Arabia
Variables: MARR-LAW-3
"Though Prince Mohammed has spoken of dismantling the guardianship system, women remain legal minors when it comes to marrying, living on their own and other matters. Those from more traditional families are still yoked to male guardians for whom fear of God, change or what the neighbors will think often outweighs the letter of the law" (Para 9).
Variables: MARR-LAW-3
"Though Prince Mohammed has spoken of dismantling the guardianship system, women remain legal minors when it comes to marrying, living on their own and other matters. Those from more traditional families are still yoked to male guardians for whom fear of God, change or what the neighbors will think often outweighs the letter of the law" (Para 9).
June 18, 2021, 5:08 p.m.
Countries: Haiti
Variables: MARR-LAW-3
“A Presidential decree from 8 December 1982 replaced the notion of ‘spousal authority’ by ‘parental authority’, giving women equal rights not only in relation to control of property but also in relation to guardianship over children. This decree also provides married women with certain rights to decide on their domicile, revoking a former provision of the Civil Code” (pg 5).
Variables: MARR-LAW-3
“A Presidential decree from 8 December 1982 replaced the notion of ‘spousal authority’ by ‘parental authority’, giving women equal rights not only in relation to control of property but also in relation to guardianship over children. This decree also provides married women with certain rights to decide on their domicile, revoking a former provision of the Civil Code” (pg 5).
April 21, 2021, 7:36 p.m.
Countries: Maldives
Variables: MARR-LAW-3
"A dangerous combination of entrenched poverty and cultural norms that are deeply rooted in patriarchal tradition continue to fuel the harmful practice. As as a result, customary law and economic need often trump national policies and legislation. Despite best efforts, girls continue to be pulled out of school and forced into marriage – even in those countries that have set the legal age of marriage" (Page 2). Since the marriage of children is illegal now in the Maldives, it seems that the age of 18 is the strict condition for the age of majority in state-recognized marriages (BRC - CODER COMMENT).
Variables: MARR-LAW-3
"A dangerous combination of entrenched poverty and cultural norms that are deeply rooted in patriarchal tradition continue to fuel the harmful practice. As as a result, customary law and economic need often trump national policies and legislation. Despite best efforts, girls continue to be pulled out of school and forced into marriage – even in those countries that have set the legal age of marriage" (Page 2). Since the marriage of children is illegal now in the Maldives, it seems that the age of 18 is the strict condition for the age of majority in state-recognized marriages (BRC - CODER COMMENT).
April 21, 2021, 7:34 p.m.
Countries: Maldives
Variables: MARR-LAW-3
"Marriage below the age of 18 years is now prohibited (Law No: 19/2019 (Child Rights Protection Act)" (Page 5).
Variables: MARR-LAW-3
"Marriage below the age of 18 years is now prohibited (Law No: 19/2019 (Child Rights Protection Act)" (Page 5).
Jan. 1, 2021, 2:26 p.m.
Countries: Pakistan
Variables: CL-DATA-1, MARR-LAW-3, ATFPA-PRACTICE-2
"Wives typically aren't allowed to attend school and have little hope of earning money to support their families, perpetuating poverty" (para 7).
Variables: CL-DATA-1, MARR-LAW-3, ATFPA-PRACTICE-2
"Wives typically aren't allowed to attend school and have little hope of earning money to support their families, perpetuating poverty" (para 7).
Aug. 26, 2020, 1:29 p.m.
Countries: D R Congo
Variables: LO-LAW-1, LO-DATA-1, MARR-PRACTICE-7, MARR-LAW-3
“My name is Julienne Lusenge and I’m an activist for women’s rights in the DRC…[The] Family Code says that a married woman is basically a minor. At the age of 55 today I can’t own any property. I can’t own a house, I can’t even own a dog or a car. First I have to ask my husband for permission. He can then sign to say, yes she has bought it. So we’re working to get rid of all that from our Family Code” (para 2, 12).
Variables: LO-LAW-1, LO-DATA-1, MARR-PRACTICE-7, MARR-LAW-3
“My name is Julienne Lusenge and I’m an activist for women’s rights in the DRC…[The] Family Code says that a married woman is basically a minor. At the age of 55 today I can’t own any property. I can’t own a house, I can’t even own a dog or a car. First I have to ask my husband for permission. He can then sign to say, yes she has bought it. So we’re working to get rid of all that from our Family Code” (para 2, 12).
Aug. 10, 2020, 7:03 p.m.
Countries: Afghanistan
Variables: IIP-PRACTICE-1, MARR-LAW-3, GP-DATA-4
"Despite the equality guarantee under Article 22 of the Constitution, the Civil Code and the SPSL provide for a marital framework based on ‘reciprocal’ or ‘complementary’ rights (as opposed to ‘equal’ rights) between the two spouses, whereby in return for maintenance and protection from her husband, a wife is expected to obey him. Provisions in the family laws therefore discriminate against women as it is based on male authority and male guardianship" (3).
Variables: IIP-PRACTICE-1, MARR-LAW-3, GP-DATA-4
"Despite the equality guarantee under Article 22 of the Constitution, the Civil Code and the SPSL provide for a marital framework based on ‘reciprocal’ or ‘complementary’ rights (as opposed to ‘equal’ rights) between the two spouses, whereby in return for maintenance and protection from her husband, a wife is expected to obey him. Provisions in the family laws therefore discriminate against women as it is based on male authority and male guardianship" (3).
June 23, 2020, 6 p.m.
Countries: Tajikistan
Variables: MARR-LAW-3
"Article 1 of the Family Code prohibits any kind of restriction of the rights of citizens at the time of marriage or in family relations on grounds of social, racial, ethnic, linguistic or religious affiliation, or education or property status" (4).
Variables: MARR-LAW-3
"Article 1 of the Family Code prohibits any kind of restriction of the rights of citizens at the time of marriage or in family relations on grounds of social, racial, ethnic, linguistic or religious affiliation, or education or property status" (4).
Jan. 30, 2020, 1:05 p.m.
Countries: Yemen
Variables: MARR-LAW-3
"The penal code criminalizes consensual same-sex sexual conduct, with the death penalty as a sanction under the country’s interpretation of Islamic law" (33).
Variables: MARR-LAW-3
"The penal code criminalizes consensual same-sex sexual conduct, with the death penalty as a sanction under the country’s interpretation of Islamic law" (33).
July 18, 2019, 8:56 p.m.
Countries: Bangladesh
Variables: MARR-LAW-3, ATDW-LAW-1, CUST-LAW-1
"The Muslim Personal Law of 1961 is highly discriminating to the women giving the overall authority to the men in the areas of marriage, divorce, maintenance and custody of children" (13).
Variables: MARR-LAW-3, ATDW-LAW-1, CUST-LAW-1
"The Muslim Personal Law of 1961 is highly discriminating to the women giving the overall authority to the men in the areas of marriage, divorce, maintenance and custody of children" (13).
July 12, 2019, 8:51 a.m.
Countries: Cambodia
Variables: MARR-LAW-3
"Article 45 of the Constitution provides assurances for the right to equality of men and women, the right to non-discrimination, and the right to equality in marriage based on the provision of Article 78 of the Law on the Implementation of the Civil Code enforced in 2011" (34).
Variables: MARR-LAW-3
"Article 45 of the Constitution provides assurances for the right to equality of men and women, the right to non-discrimination, and the right to equality in marriage based on the provision of Article 78 of the Law on the Implementation of the Civil Code enforced in 2011" (34).
July 6, 2019, 1:13 p.m.
Countries: Togo
Variables: MARR-LAW-3
"There are no restrictions on women signing contracts, opening bank accounts, or owning property. Women did not experience formal sector economic discrimination in access to employment (see section 7.d.), credit, or managing a business" (Pg 12). "Under traditional law, which applies to the vast majority of women, a husband legally may restrict his wife’s freedom to work and control her earnings" (Pg 19).
Variables: MARR-LAW-3
"There are no restrictions on women signing contracts, opening bank accounts, or owning property. Women did not experience formal sector economic discrimination in access to employment (see section 7.d.), credit, or managing a business" (Pg 12). "Under traditional law, which applies to the vast majority of women, a husband legally may restrict his wife’s freedom to work and control her earnings" (Pg 19).
July 2, 2019, 2:25 p.m.
Countries: Swaziland
Variables: MARR-LAW-3
"Girls and women faced discrimination in rural areas by community elders and authority figures, who gave preference to boys in education. Women faced employment discrimination (see section 7.d.). While the constitution provides that women may open bank accounts, obtain passports, and take jobs without the permission of a male relative, these constitutional rights often conflicted with customary law, which classifies women as minors. Both traditional and Roman- Dutch civil law recognize women as dependents of their husbands or fathers. Although women routinely executed contracts and entered into a variety of transactions in their own names, banks often refused personal loans to married women without a male guarantor. The constitution provides...more
Variables: MARR-LAW-3
"Girls and women faced discrimination in rural areas by community elders and authority figures, who gave preference to boys in education. Women faced employment discrimination (see section 7.d.). While the constitution provides that women may open bank accounts, obtain passports, and take jobs without the permission of a male relative, these constitutional rights often conflicted with customary law, which classifies women as minors. Both traditional and Roman- Dutch civil law recognize women as dependents of their husbands or fathers. Although women routinely executed contracts and entered into a variety of transactions in their own names, banks often refused personal loans to married women without a male guarantor. The constitution provides...more
June 25, 2019, 7:13 a.m.
Countries: Sierra Leone
Variables: MARR-LAW-3
"Under customary law women’s status in society is equal to that of a minor" (Pg 20).
Variables: MARR-LAW-3
"Under customary law women’s status in society is equal to that of a minor" (Pg 20).
June 17, 2019, 10:41 a.m.
Countries: Saudi Arabia
Variables: MARR-LAW-3, ATDW-LAW-2
"Under the kingdom’s restrictive guardianship system, women are legal minors and cannot marry, divorce, travel, get a job, be released from prison or have elective surgery without permission from their male guardians. Women are also forbidden from mixing freely with members of the opposite sex" (para 3).
Variables: MARR-LAW-3, ATDW-LAW-2
"Under the kingdom’s restrictive guardianship system, women are legal minors and cannot marry, divorce, travel, get a job, be released from prison or have elective surgery without permission from their male guardians. Women are also forbidden from mixing freely with members of the opposite sex" (para 3).
May 21, 2019, 9:35 p.m.
Countries: Montenegro
Variables: MARR-LAW-3
A woman can apply for a national ID card in the same way as a man. A woman in Montenegro can sign a contract without requiring the presence of her husband or male relatives (115).
Variables: MARR-LAW-3
A woman can apply for a national ID card in the same way as a man. A woman in Montenegro can sign a contract without requiring the presence of her husband or male relatives (115).
May 21, 2019, 8:59 p.m.
Countries: Mongolia
Variables: MARR-LAW-3
A woman can apply for a national ID card in the same way as a man. A woman in Mongolia can sign a contract without requiring the presence of her husband or male relatives (115).
Variables: MARR-LAW-3
A woman can apply for a national ID card in the same way as a man. A woman in Mongolia can sign a contract without requiring the presence of her husband or male relatives (115).
May 21, 2019, 3:24 p.m.
Countries: Mozambique
Variables: MARR-LAW-3
A woman can apply for a national ID card in the same way as a man. A woman in Mozambique can sign a contract without requiring the presence of her husband or male relatives (116).
Variables: MARR-LAW-3
A woman can apply for a national ID card in the same way as a man. A woman in Mozambique can sign a contract without requiring the presence of her husband or male relatives (116).
May 21, 2019, 2:47 p.m.
Countries: Morocco
Variables: MARR-LAW-3
A woman can apply for a national ID card in the same way as a man. A woman in Morocco can sign a contract without requiring the presence of her husband or male relatives (116).
Variables: MARR-LAW-3
A woman can apply for a national ID card in the same way as a man. A woman in Morocco can sign a contract without requiring the presence of her husband or male relatives (116).
May 21, 2019, 10:09 a.m.
Countries: Burma/Myanmar
Variables: MARR-LAW-3
A woman can apply for a national ID card in the same way as a man. A woman in Myanmar can sign a contract without requiring the presence of her husband or male relatives (117).
Variables: MARR-LAW-3
A woman can apply for a national ID card in the same way as a man. A woman in Myanmar can sign a contract without requiring the presence of her husband or male relatives (117).
May 20, 2019, 2:23 p.m.
Countries: Namibia
Variables: MARR-LAW-3
A woman cannot apply for a national ID card in the same way as a man. A woman in Namibia can sign a contract without requiring the presence of her husband or male relatives (117).
Variables: MARR-LAW-3
A woman cannot apply for a national ID card in the same way as a man. A woman in Namibia can sign a contract without requiring the presence of her husband or male relatives (117).