Latest items for EWCMS-PRACTICE-2
Nov. 5, 2024, 12:46 p.m.
Countries: Ireland
Variables: EWCMS-PRACTICE-2
"In a paragraph in the report [by the Independent Review Group] in relation to the subject of misogny it said: 'Different sources available to the IRG-DF conclude that, at best, the Defence Forces barely tolerates women and, at its worst, verbally, physically, sexually and psychologically abuses women in its ranks" (para 16).
Variables: EWCMS-PRACTICE-2
"In a paragraph in the report [by the Independent Review Group] in relation to the subject of misogny it said: 'Different sources available to the IRG-DF conclude that, at best, the Defence Forces barely tolerates women and, at its worst, verbally, physically, sexually and psychologically abuses women in its ranks" (para 16).
Aug. 8, 2023, 12:20 p.m.
Countries: Senegal
Variables: EWCMS-PRACTICE-2
"Furthermore, to ensure that gender is better taken into account in the armed forces, several laws governing the socioprofessional conditions of the military have been revised. These laws relate to the special status of the staff of the National Gendarmerie, the regulations on general discipline in the armed forces, the conditions for the allocation of housing to the military, the terms of payment of the housing allowance and the conditions under which members of the military may be allowed to enter into marriage. These developments have resulted in the needs and rights of women being taken into account for their promotion and legal protection in everyday life and in the...more
Variables: EWCMS-PRACTICE-2
"Furthermore, to ensure that gender is better taken into account in the armed forces, several laws governing the socioprofessional conditions of the military have been revised. These laws relate to the special status of the staff of the National Gendarmerie, the regulations on general discipline in the armed forces, the conditions for the allocation of housing to the military, the terms of payment of the housing allowance and the conditions under which members of the military may be allowed to enter into marriage. These developments have resulted in the needs and rights of women being taken into account for their promotion and legal protection in everyday life and in the...more
May 2, 2023, 5:58 p.m.
Countries: Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Guatemala, Mexico, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Trinidad/Tobago, Uruguay
Variables: ATC-DATA-6, EWCMS-PRACTICE-2, EWCMS-LAW-1, EWCMS-LAW-2, EWCMS-LAW-4, EMCMS-LAW-1
Table 7 titled “Policy and Practice,” lists the countries in the survey and information on accommodations made for women in the military. All military positions are open to women in Argentina, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Guatemala, Mexico, Panama, Peru, Trinidad, and Uruguay. All military positions are not open to women in Brazil, Chile, Colombia, and Paraguay. There are recruitment targets in Argentina for the military and it is unknown whether it is the same for the police. Brazil does not have recruitment targets since there are some caps in the military and local caps in the police. Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Guatemala, Paraguay, and Peru all have no recruitment target...more
Variables: ATC-DATA-6, EWCMS-PRACTICE-2, EWCMS-LAW-1, EWCMS-LAW-2, EWCMS-LAW-4, EMCMS-LAW-1
Table 7 titled “Policy and Practice,” lists the countries in the survey and information on accommodations made for women in the military. All military positions are open to women in Argentina, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Guatemala, Mexico, Panama, Peru, Trinidad, and Uruguay. All military positions are not open to women in Brazil, Chile, Colombia, and Paraguay. There are recruitment targets in Argentina for the military and it is unknown whether it is the same for the police. Brazil does not have recruitment targets since there are some caps in the military and local caps in the police. Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Guatemala, Paraguay, and Peru all have no recruitment target...more
Feb. 24, 2023, 12:54 p.m.
Countries: Nepal
Variables: EWCMS-PRACTICE-2
"Though the country is heading towards realization of equal access, participation and leadership role to women in every sphere, it is a long journey which needs consistent efforts and investment." (44). (NF - CODER COMMENT - The lack of female leaders in the military can imply that women are still not taken seriously or are not seen as capable enough to become leaders).
Variables: EWCMS-PRACTICE-2
"Though the country is heading towards realization of equal access, participation and leadership role to women in every sphere, it is a long journey which needs consistent efforts and investment." (44). (NF - CODER COMMENT - The lack of female leaders in the military can imply that women are still not taken seriously or are not seen as capable enough to become leaders).
Feb. 18, 2023, 10:58 a.m.
Countries: South Korea
Variables: EWCMS-PRACTICE-2
A woman serving in the 15th Special Activity Wing of the Air Force reported being sexually harassed by her male superior (Para.1). ' "Was there ever a moment I was wholly sad and overcoming the harm done to me? [. . .] I tried to get over it as a victim, but I can’t.' This is part of a memo the Center for Military Human Rights Korea (CMHRK) released on Thursday, written by a woman who was sexually harassed by a male superior in her unit, the 15th Special Activity Wing of the Air Force. The victim stated through the CMHRK that she is not receiving adequate victim protection from...more
Variables: EWCMS-PRACTICE-2
A woman serving in the 15th Special Activity Wing of the Air Force reported being sexually harassed by her male superior (Para.1). ' "Was there ever a moment I was wholly sad and overcoming the harm done to me? [. . .] I tried to get over it as a victim, but I can’t.' This is part of a memo the Center for Military Human Rights Korea (CMHRK) released on Thursday, written by a woman who was sexually harassed by a male superior in her unit, the 15th Special Activity Wing of the Air Force. The victim stated through the CMHRK that she is not receiving adequate victim protection from...more
Dec. 17, 2022, 10:58 p.m.
Countries: Canada
Variables: EWCMS-PRACTICE-2
"When Van Leusden Riguidel retired from the Canadian military in March, she received a public commendation for developing a course to change the culture of sexual violence and trauma in the military. But a few days before receiving her commendation, she received a letter telling her the CAF was cancelling the course, after she’d trained only 1,900 CAF members of the 100,000 or so across the military" (para 13-14).
Variables: EWCMS-PRACTICE-2
"When Van Leusden Riguidel retired from the Canadian military in March, she received a public commendation for developing a course to change the culture of sexual violence and trauma in the military. But a few days before receiving her commendation, she received a letter telling her the CAF was cancelling the course, after she’d trained only 1,900 CAF members of the 100,000 or so across the military" (para 13-14).
June 29, 2022, 11:33 a.m.
Countries: Indonesia
Variables: EWCMS-PRACTICE-2
"[The Committee] also notes with concern that the Indonesian Navy and Air Force have not explicitly ended so-called 'virginity testing' when recruiting young women" (6).
Variables: EWCMS-PRACTICE-2
"[The Committee] also notes with concern that the Indonesian Navy and Air Force have not explicitly ended so-called 'virginity testing' when recruiting young women" (6).
June 14, 2022, 5:24 p.m.
Countries: Denmark
Variables: EWCMS-PRACTICE-2
"In 2017, the Danish Defence was awarded for improving conditions for women in the Army. The work entails a network for young female leaders in the Army and rewarding female role models" (17). From this it does not seem that women are not taken seriously in the military (JLR-CODER COMMENT).
Variables: EWCMS-PRACTICE-2
"In 2017, the Danish Defence was awarded for improving conditions for women in the Army. The work entails a network for young female leaders in the Army and rewarding female role models" (17). From this it does not seem that women are not taken seriously in the military (JLR-CODER COMMENT).
March 9, 2022, 8:57 a.m.
Countries: Italy
Variables: EWCMS-PRACTICE-2
"The female military personnel are employed, both across the country and in all major theaters of operations abroad, in various roles, bodies and specialties, with no difference, except for certain uses purely operational (e.g. special units, raiders, submarines)" (56).
Variables: EWCMS-PRACTICE-2
"The female military personnel are employed, both across the country and in all major theaters of operations abroad, in various roles, bodies and specialties, with no difference, except for certain uses purely operational (e.g. special units, raiders, submarines)" (56).
Jan. 6, 2022, 12:09 p.m.
Countries: Somalia
Variables: EWCMS-PRACTICE-2
"There is only one woman General in the history of Somalia. She was recently promoted. There is also one lieutant who leads a team of a dozen men in the fight against Al Shabab. Women are rarely given leadership positions in the security sector" (1).
Variables: EWCMS-PRACTICE-2
"There is only one woman General in the history of Somalia. She was recently promoted. There is also one lieutant who leads a team of a dozen men in the fight against Al Shabab. Women are rarely given leadership positions in the security sector" (1).
Nov. 18, 2021, 10:13 a.m.
Countries: South Korea
Variables: EWCMS-PRACTICE-2
"South Korean society has long understood the need to address widespread gender bias, but women in the armed forces are seen as particularly vulnerable. The country’s 550,000-member military is considered one of its most hierarchical, male-dominant and paternalistic institutions, and former soldiers say women are treated as playthings rather than colleagues" (Para 8). "'It’s the male-dominant military culture that doesn’t treat female soldiers as colleagues that killed my daughter,' he said in an interview. 'It’s the military culture that ostracizes the victim of sexual crime, not the predator, that killed my daughter'" (Para 11). "'They want their female subordinates to be there to act as ‘flowers,’ serving drinks,' said Bang...more
Variables: EWCMS-PRACTICE-2
"South Korean society has long understood the need to address widespread gender bias, but women in the armed forces are seen as particularly vulnerable. The country’s 550,000-member military is considered one of its most hierarchical, male-dominant and paternalistic institutions, and former soldiers say women are treated as playthings rather than colleagues" (Para 8). "'It’s the male-dominant military culture that doesn’t treat female soldiers as colleagues that killed my daughter,' he said in an interview. 'It’s the military culture that ostracizes the victim of sexual crime, not the predator, that killed my daughter'" (Para 11). "'They want their female subordinates to be there to act as ‘flowers,’ serving drinks,' said Bang...more
July 19, 2021, 1:16 p.m.
Countries: Vietnam
Variables: EWCMS-PRACTICE-2
"On July 14, the 3rd Military Region organized the Women's Congress for the term 2021-2026. This is a congress directed by the General Department of Politics to draw on women’s experiences for the benefit of units throughout the army" (para 1). "General Tran Quang Phuong congratulated and showed the achievements and results of women's work and the things that the women's movement of Military Zone 3 achieved over the past term; at the same time, he emphasized their emulation movements, practical models, good atmosphere created, their motivation and the environment for military zone women to compete, as well as how the women strive to improve their qualities, capacity, qualifications, work...more
Variables: EWCMS-PRACTICE-2
"On July 14, the 3rd Military Region organized the Women's Congress for the term 2021-2026. This is a congress directed by the General Department of Politics to draw on women’s experiences for the benefit of units throughout the army" (para 1). "General Tran Quang Phuong congratulated and showed the achievements and results of women's work and the things that the women's movement of Military Zone 3 achieved over the past term; at the same time, he emphasized their emulation movements, practical models, good atmosphere created, their motivation and the environment for military zone women to compete, as well as how the women strive to improve their qualities, capacity, qualifications, work...more
July 19, 2021, 11:58 a.m.
Countries: Switzerland
Variables: EWCMS-PRACTICE-2
"Women serving in Switzerland's military will no longer have to wear men's underwear under a pilot project starting next month.Currently, all service members in the Swiss army are provided with the same standard issue military clothing, which means men's underwear for everyone, regardless of their gender.But under the new project beginning in April, female soldiers will be allowed to wear women's underwear instead(para 1-3).
Variables: EWCMS-PRACTICE-2
"Women serving in Switzerland's military will no longer have to wear men's underwear under a pilot project starting next month.Currently, all service members in the Swiss army are provided with the same standard issue military clothing, which means men's underwear for everyone, regardless of their gender.But under the new project beginning in April, female soldiers will be allowed to wear women's underwear instead(para 1-3).
April 26, 2021, 11:49 a.m.
Countries: Italy
Variables: EWCMS-PRACTICE-2
"The female military personnel are employed, both across the country and in all major theaters of operations abroad, in various roles, bodies and specialties, with no difference, except for certain uses purely operational (e.g. special units, raiders, submarines)" (56).
Variables: EWCMS-PRACTICE-2
"The female military personnel are employed, both across the country and in all major theaters of operations abroad, in various roles, bodies and specialties, with no difference, except for certain uses purely operational (e.g. special units, raiders, submarines)" (56).
Feb. 13, 2021, 6:15 p.m.
Countries: Pakistan
Variables: EWCMS-PRACTICE-2
In the photo 5 caption it states, “Sara is a proud commando. ‘We train as hard as the men do and deserve the same respect’.” This implies that female commandos are often not treated the same as the other male commandos.
Variables: EWCMS-PRACTICE-2
In the photo 5 caption it states, “Sara is a proud commando. ‘We train as hard as the men do and deserve the same respect’.” This implies that female commandos are often not treated the same as the other male commandos.
Jan. 1, 2021, 2:26 p.m.
Countries: Pakistan
Variables: MULV-PRACTICE-1, EWCMS-PRACTICE-2
"Cultural traditions discourage women from working outside the home, according to Mashooque Birhamani, SSO’s chief executive officer. While he hopes this will change one day, male community members are stepping up in the meantime" (para 2).
Variables: MULV-PRACTICE-1, EWCMS-PRACTICE-2
"Cultural traditions discourage women from working outside the home, according to Mashooque Birhamani, SSO’s chief executive officer. While he hopes this will change one day, male community members are stepping up in the meantime" (para 2).
Aug. 26, 2020, 2:04 p.m.
Countries: Tunisia
Variables: EWCMS-PRACTICE-2
“In Tunisia…women are not only present in the army, but have reached high-ranking positions in the navy and the air force, where 40 women are fighter pilots” (para 7). “While it is true that Arab women have moved from the periphery to the center of military life, and that their numbers have gradually gone up, their integration into Arab militaries has been limited. As one illustration of this, from Tunisia, a country at the vanguard of women’s rights in the Arab world,…[female] access to the senior ranks of the armed forces has been difficult, and to decision making positions inconsequential. By and large, and despite a few exceptions, women have...more
Variables: EWCMS-PRACTICE-2
“In Tunisia…women are not only present in the army, but have reached high-ranking positions in the navy and the air force, where 40 women are fighter pilots” (para 7). “While it is true that Arab women have moved from the periphery to the center of military life, and that their numbers have gradually gone up, their integration into Arab militaries has been limited. As one illustration of this, from Tunisia, a country at the vanguard of women’s rights in the Arab world,…[female] access to the senior ranks of the armed forces has been difficult, and to decision making positions inconsequential. By and large, and despite a few exceptions, women have...more
Aug. 26, 2020, 2:03 p.m.
Countries: Jordan
Variables: EWCMS-PRACTICE-2
“The Jordanian armed forces developed a strategy for women in the decade between 2006 and 2016. The aim was to build capacity through the recruitment and training of more women, generating broader participation and employment opportunities. As a result, women can enroll as civilian employees or as soldiers, whether as privates, officers, or non-commissioned officers. Their pay, promotions, and length of military service are equal to that of men” (para 5). “[A]ccording to a national report, female applications have exceeded the needs of Jordan’s armed forces. There are over 4,800 women in uniform—around 1,200 of them officers, as well as 2,400 servicewomen and 1,260 civilians. This represents some 3 percent...more
Variables: EWCMS-PRACTICE-2
“The Jordanian armed forces developed a strategy for women in the decade between 2006 and 2016. The aim was to build capacity through the recruitment and training of more women, generating broader participation and employment opportunities. As a result, women can enroll as civilian employees or as soldiers, whether as privates, officers, or non-commissioned officers. Their pay, promotions, and length of military service are equal to that of men” (para 5). “[A]ccording to a national report, female applications have exceeded the needs of Jordan’s armed forces. There are over 4,800 women in uniform—around 1,200 of them officers, as well as 2,400 servicewomen and 1,260 civilians. This represents some 3 percent...more
Aug. 26, 2020, 2:03 p.m.
Countries: Algeria
Variables: EWCMS-PRACTICE-2
“Algeria’s People’s National Army (PNA) established equality between males and females in 2006 and put in place a framework for equal opportunities…Since 2006, five women have been promoted to the rank of general” (para 4).
Variables: EWCMS-PRACTICE-2
“Algeria’s People’s National Army (PNA) established equality between males and females in 2006 and put in place a framework for equal opportunities…Since 2006, five women have been promoted to the rank of general” (para 4).
Nov. 4, 2019, 4:01 p.m.
Countries: Israel
Variables: EWCMS-PRACTICE-2
"Just a few weeks ago, the commander of the IDF's land forces, Major Gen. Kobi Barak, told Al-Monitor, 'We must remember that we are not talking about female tank crews that will be fighting in Lebanon or maneuvering with their tanks in hostile territory at a time of war. We are talking about tanks with all-women crews who will be deployed in the defense of Israel's borders with peaceful nations'" (para 2). "Major Gen. Barak intended his remarks to alleviate concerns and respond to the decision's many critics. They claim that deploying women in combat positions of this kind will be damaging to the IDF's operational capacity. It will lower...more
Variables: EWCMS-PRACTICE-2
"Just a few weeks ago, the commander of the IDF's land forces, Major Gen. Kobi Barak, told Al-Monitor, 'We must remember that we are not talking about female tank crews that will be fighting in Lebanon or maneuvering with their tanks in hostile territory at a time of war. We are talking about tanks with all-women crews who will be deployed in the defense of Israel's borders with peaceful nations'" (para 2). "Major Gen. Barak intended his remarks to alleviate concerns and respond to the decision's many critics. They claim that deploying women in combat positions of this kind will be damaging to the IDF's operational capacity. It will lower...more
July 19, 2019, 9:48 a.m.
Countries: Indonesia
Variables: EWCMS-PRACTICE-2, EWCMS-LAW-1
"Some female police and military recruits were subject to invasive virginity testing as a condition of employment, including use of digital pelvic probes that many activists claimed were painful, degrading, and discriminatory (and also not medically accurate). Despite widespread public outcry, police and military officials defended the practice" (Pg 40).
Variables: EWCMS-PRACTICE-2, EWCMS-LAW-1
"Some female police and military recruits were subject to invasive virginity testing as a condition of employment, including use of digital pelvic probes that many activists claimed were painful, degrading, and discriminatory (and also not medically accurate). Despite widespread public outcry, police and military officials defended the practice" (Pg 40).
July 15, 2019, 3:24 p.m.
Countries: Thailand
Variables: EWCMS-PRACTICE-2
"Military academies (except for the nursing academy) refused admission to female students, although a significant number of instructors were women" (page 30).
Variables: EWCMS-PRACTICE-2
"Military academies (except for the nursing academy) refused admission to female students, although a significant number of instructors were women" (page 30).
June 20, 2019, 11:09 a.m.
Countries: Afghanistan
Variables: EWCMS-PRACTICE-2, EWCMS-LAW-4
"Recruitment and retention of female police officers is undermined by factors ranging from a near total lack of woman-only toilets and changing facilities in police stations, to a failure by the government to respond to multiple allegations of sexual assault and harassment of female police officers by male colleagues. n spite of these allegations of abuse and rape, government officials in discussions with Human Rights Watch have been unable to point to a single case where male police officers have been successfully prosecuted for abuse or assault of a female colleague. The Afghanistan government does not have any law or program to deal with workplace sexual harassment including for the...more
Variables: EWCMS-PRACTICE-2, EWCMS-LAW-4
"Recruitment and retention of female police officers is undermined by factors ranging from a near total lack of woman-only toilets and changing facilities in police stations, to a failure by the government to respond to multiple allegations of sexual assault and harassment of female police officers by male colleagues. n spite of these allegations of abuse and rape, government officials in discussions with Human Rights Watch have been unable to point to a single case where male police officers have been successfully prosecuted for abuse or assault of a female colleague. The Afghanistan government does not have any law or program to deal with workplace sexual harassment including for the...more
March 18, 2019, 2:22 p.m.
Countries: South Korea
Variables: EWCMS-PRACTICE-2
"Multiple NGOs reported that sexual assault was a serious and underreported problem in the military" (17).
Variables: EWCMS-PRACTICE-2
"Multiple NGOs reported that sexual assault was a serious and underreported problem in the military" (17).
Feb. 8, 2019, 12:43 p.m.
Countries: Tunisia
Variables: EWCMS-PRACTICE-2
"In addition, women have been systematically excluded from combat positions and cannot command military operations. This has made it difficult for them to be promoted to certain ranks for which combat experience is a prerequisite. The military institution remains a male sanctuary and this is probably the most significant obstacle to women’s full integration into Arab armed forces" (para. 8).
Variables: EWCMS-PRACTICE-2
"In addition, women have been systematically excluded from combat positions and cannot command military operations. This has made it difficult for them to be promoted to certain ranks for which combat experience is a prerequisite. The military institution remains a male sanctuary and this is probably the most significant obstacle to women’s full integration into Arab armed forces" (para. 8).
Feb. 8, 2019, 12:42 p.m.
Countries: Algeria
Variables: EWCMS-PRACTICE-2
"Algeria’s People’s National Army (PNA) established equality between males and females in 2006 and put in place a framework for equal opportunities… Women have joined the School of Cadets of the Nation, the National Gendarmerie Academy, the National Academy of Military Health, and the Naval Academy. Since 2006, five women have been promoted to the rank of general" (para. 4).
Variables: EWCMS-PRACTICE-2
"Algeria’s People’s National Army (PNA) established equality between males and females in 2006 and put in place a framework for equal opportunities… Women have joined the School of Cadets of the Nation, the National Gendarmerie Academy, the National Academy of Military Health, and the Naval Academy. Since 2006, five women have been promoted to the rank of general" (para. 4).
Sept. 6, 2018, 4:27 p.m.
Countries: United States
Variables: EWCMS-PRACTICE-2
"Women face even more misogyny and sexism in 'the very closed society' of the military, he said, with the 'continual message [that] women aren’t worthy of respect,' a message conveyed by 'public and private resistance to integration, lower rates of promotion and fewer opportunities to lead.' This former top military litigator directs his most scathing critique at leaders who 'view women as little more than entertainment for generals and admirals'" (Para 22).
Variables: EWCMS-PRACTICE-2
"Women face even more misogyny and sexism in 'the very closed society' of the military, he said, with the 'continual message [that] women aren’t worthy of respect,' a message conveyed by 'public and private resistance to integration, lower rates of promotion and fewer opportunities to lead.' This former top military litigator directs his most scathing critique at leaders who 'view women as little more than entertainment for generals and admirals'" (Para 22).
Dec. 13, 2017, 9:18 p.m.
Countries: Turkey
Variables: EWCMS-PRACTICE-2
"Woman in the Turkish armed forces have been given the right to wear Islamic head scarves in a move that represents a significant cultural shift within an institution seen historically as the guardian of Turkey's secular identity" (para 1). The military was one of the last Turkish institutions to forbid the wearing of the hijab" (para 2).
Variables: EWCMS-PRACTICE-2
"Woman in the Turkish armed forces have been given the right to wear Islamic head scarves in a move that represents a significant cultural shift within an institution seen historically as the guardian of Turkey's secular identity" (para 1). The military was one of the last Turkish institutions to forbid the wearing of the hijab" (para 2).
Jan. 9, 2017, 8:53 a.m.
Countries: Burundi
Variables: EWCMS-PRACTICE-2
"The international community was heavily engaged in training the armed forces and regularly provided courses in international humanitarian law and in countering sexual and gender-based violence to soldiers assigned to the Somalia mission" (10).
Variables: EWCMS-PRACTICE-2
"The international community was heavily engaged in training the armed forces and regularly provided courses in international humanitarian law and in countering sexual and gender-based violence to soldiers assigned to the Somalia mission" (10).
Nov. 17, 2016, 4:20 p.m.
Countries: Uzbekistan
Variables: EWCMS-PRACTICE-2
"The Ministry of Defence developed an outreach and awareness-raising programme to enhance law-based literacy and knowledge of women with regard to provisions of the Convention, on the basis of which, seminars have been held for military servicewomen and their families on the topics 'Rights and Duties of Women' and 'Provisions of the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women'. In 2011, 32 events were held, and 1,984 people took part; in 2012, 543,510 people took part, and in 2013, a total of 654,095" (12)
Variables: EWCMS-PRACTICE-2
"The Ministry of Defence developed an outreach and awareness-raising programme to enhance law-based literacy and knowledge of women with regard to provisions of the Convention, on the basis of which, seminars have been held for military servicewomen and their families on the topics 'Rights and Duties of Women' and 'Provisions of the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women'. In 2011, 32 events were held, and 1,984 people took part; in 2012, 543,510 people took part, and in 2013, a total of 654,095" (12)