The most comprehensive compilation of information on the status of
women in the world.

Latest items for ERBG-LAW-2

Nov. 16, 2024, 9:46 p.m.
Countries: Taiwan
Variables: LRW-LAW-1, ERBG-LAW-2

"On July 13, Taiwan’s cabinet proposed harsher penalties for perpetrators of sexual harassment and increased support for survivors under the three existing gender equality laws" (para 5).
Nov. 16, 2024, 4:01 p.m.
Countries: South Korea
Variables: ERBG-LAW-2

"An anti-stalking law passed the congress in 2021, more than 20 years after the first such bill was proposed. New amendments to laws on sexual violence have criminalized filming or distributing videos and pictures of someone against their will" (Para 5). Despite the victim reporting Jeon's repeated stalking, harassment, and illegal filming, the court denied an arrest warrant, allowing the threats to continue and ultimately resulting in her workplace murder. This case highlights how inadequate legal protections against stalking and workplace violence can deter women from pursuing certain jobs due to safety concerns (UST - CODERS COMMENT)
Nov. 12, 2024, 6:08 p.m.
Countries: Japan
Variables: ERBG-LAW-2

"The low numbers underline the uphill struggle Japan’s government faces in reaching its target of having women in at least 30% of executive roles by the end of the decade. The proportion of senior women in business remains low even under the government’s wider definition of 'executive', which includes corporate officers, as well as directors, auditors and executive officers” (para 3-4). "The proportion of senior women in business remains low even under the government’s wider definition of “executive”, which includes corporate officers, as well as directors, auditors and executive officers” (para 5).
Nov. 12, 2024, 1:32 p.m.
Countries: Latvia
Variables: ERBG-LAW-2

"The Committee welcomes the progress achieved...in particular the adoption of the following…[a]mendments to the Labour Law, strengthening the equal treatment of women and men in employment, from 2006 to 2018" (1-2). "The Committee welcomes the amendments to the Labour Law to strengthen the equal treatment of women and men in employment and consider harassment as a form of discrimination. It also takes note of the inclusive employment guidelines for the period 2015–2020, which are aimed at promoting equal opportunities in the labour market for all persons, regardless of age, gender or disability, and have overcoming the gender pay gap as one of the key priorities" (11).
Oct. 16, 2024, 3:16 p.m.
Countries: South Korea
Variables: ERBG-LAW-2

"An anti-stalking law passed the congress in 2021, more than 20 years after the first such bill was proposed. New amendments to laws on sexual violence have criminalized filming or distributing videos and pictures of someone against their will" (Para 5). Despite the victim reporting Jeon's repeated stalking, harassment, and illegal filming, the court denied an arrest warrant, allowing the threats to continue and ultimately resulting in her workplace murder. This case highlights how inadequate legal protections against stalking and workplace violence can deter women from pursuing certain jobs due to safety concerns (UST - CODERS COMMENT)
Oct. 9, 2024, 7:59 p.m.
Countries: Belize
Variables: ERBG-PRACTICE-1, ERBG-LAW-2

"Between 2008-2009, the Women’s Department deemed the Protection Against Sexual Harassment Act (1996) as underused and outdated thus undertook a review. Reviewers included governmental agencies, Police, Judges, Magistrates, the University of Belize, and women’s organizations. A legal expert and the Labour Commissioner reviewed the findings which highlighted ineffective aspects of the Act that could account for why no legal cases have been lodged. Reasons cited for non-reporting of sexual harassment included fear of dismissal without compensation. The review suggested requiring employers to take practical actions such as displaying a prescribed poster prominently in the workplace and issuing copies of an adopted policy to employees. It suggested consequences for victimization and...more
Oct. 4, 2024, 11:48 a.m.
Countries: Belize
Variables: ERBG-LAW-2

"In 2011, The Labour Act Revised Edition 2011, CAP 297 of the Laws of Belize 2 was amended to protect workers from unfair dismissal and unequal treatment in the workplace due to pregnancy, HIV status, and filing a sexual harassment case against an employer or co-worker. Prior to the revision of this law women and other workers did not have law protection to address these abuses in the workplace" (3). "The 2020 Women’s Agenda of Plan Belize outlines how the government elected in 2020 will accelerate economic opportunities, gender equality, pay equity and affordable land and housing for women during its tenure" (10). "The 2011 Labour Act amendment protects women...more
July 18, 2024, 6:38 p.m.
Countries: Guatemala
Variables: ERBG-LAW-2

"In 2021, the Ministry of Labour and Social Security implemented the Unprompted Inspections Plan in order to ensure respect for the labour rights of women working in the industrial, commercial and services sectors in departments throughout the country...Sexual violence in the workplace was addressed through the approval of Decree No. 22-2017 (Act on the National Registry of Sex Offenders). The goal was to prohibit offenders included in the Registry from working with children and adolescents. In 2019, women deputies introduced bill No. 5658 (Act against Street Harassment and Other Forms of Violence against Women), which provides for the addition of a paragraph (ñ) on workplace violence to article 3 of...more
July 17, 2024, 3:12 p.m.
Countries: Guatemala
Variables: ERBG-LAW-2

"With regard to incorporating a comprehensive article into the Constitution of the Republic of Guatemala on the right to non-discrimination in line with articles 1 and 2 (b) of the Convention, between 2017 and 2020, the Constitutional Court upheld the exercise of that right by women in the Guatemalan legal system, guaranteeing non-discrimination in the workplace and the family, informed by a perspective of intersectionality and equality" (2). "The Ministry of Labour and Social Security is implementing the 2017–2032 national policy for decent employment, whose priority areas and guiding principles include gender equity, with the aim of ensuring that women have access to fairly paid and productive work under conditions...more
April 19, 2024, 3:06 p.m.
Countries: Serbia
Variables: ERBG-LAW-2

"[The state does not review] wages in traditionally female and male sectors with a view to closing the gender pay gap" (13).
March 30, 2024, 2:46 p.m.
Countries: Lithuania
Variables: ERBG-LAW-2

"[D]iscrimination against women on grounds of pregnancy and maternity and that not only sexual, but also other forms of harassment, are prohibited in the workplace" (2). "[W]omen who are employed, including as part -time workers, must be socially insured at the level of the minimum wage" (11).
March 15, 2024, 2:30 p.m.
Countries: Gabon
Variables: ERBG-LAW-2

"Act No. 10/2016 of 16 September 2016 on countering harassment in the workplace has been promulgated. It defines harassment as any repeated behaviour that violates personal dignity or creates an intimidating, hostile, degrading, offensive or humiliating work environment. The Act distinguishes two forms of harassment, psychological harassment and sexual harassment. It also provides for penalties in cases of harassment" (2, 4). "[I]n the absence of specific legislation, the Penal Code establishes penalties for [sexual harassment]" (10).
March 14, 2024, 10:23 a.m.
Countries: Gabon
Variables: ERBG-LAW-2

"Act No. 10/2016 of 5 September 2016, on countering harassment in the workplace, defines harassment as any repeated behaviour which has the effect of violating personal dignity and creating an intimidating, hostile, degrading, offensive or humiliating work environment. Psychological harassment is defined as conduct that subjects an employee or public official, while at the workplace or engaged in work, to repeated acts that have the object or effect of a negative impact on their working conditions, and which could violate their rights or dignity, affect their physical or mental health, or compromise their professional prospects" (17).
March 14, 2024, 10:22 a.m.
Countries: Gabon
Variables: ERBG-LAW-2

"The Basic Law and the Labour Code of the Gabonese Republic prohibit any wage discrimination; this applies to all sectors and all jobs. The same applies to employment applications. There is no legal provision that discriminates between men and women in recruitment" (17).
Feb. 20, 2024, 6:27 p.m.
Countries: D R Congo
Variables: ERBG-LAW-2

"[A] married woman could not be recruited without her husband’s consent" (2).
Jan. 16, 2024, 6:33 p.m.
Countries: Botswana
Variables: ERBG-LAW-2

"Whereas the Botswana Constitution guarantees and promotes protection to every person residing within the Country irrespective of their race, tribe, place of origin, political opinions, colour, creed or sex, the definition of discrimination in the Constitution does not include discrimination against women" (9). "Whereas the Committee has called on the Government of Botswana to amend her Constitution to include discrimination against women as part of the definition of discrimination; and whereas the Government of Botswana is desirous to have an inclusive and public consultation on constitutional amendment and whereas that process is yet to start; the courts have always re-affirmed the view that the judiciary is obliged to interpret Botswana...more
Jan. 4, 2024, 10:41 a.m.
Countries: Singapore
Variables: ERBG-LAW-2

"[Egregious offences, such as outrage of modesty] are punishable under the Penal Code or can be taken up under the Protection from Harassment Act (POHA). This includes offences committed in workplace settings" (28). "Victims of harassment could also apply for Protection Orders requiring harassers to stop the harassing behaviour; and to prevent the spread of harassing communication" (36).
Nov. 6, 2023, 11:49 p.m.
Countries: China
Variables: ERBG-LAW-2

"Chinese laws do not impose any discriminatory restrictions on women with regard to other economic and social rights" (24).
Oct. 10, 2023, 3:49 p.m.
Countries: United States
Variables: ERBG-LAW-2

"The 1978 Pregnancy Discrimination Act was an important law that made discrimination on the basis of pregnancy, childbirth or related medical conditions illegal. Its passage was essential. It allowed more pregnant people to remain employed and continue to support their families while pregnant without the concern of being forced out of a job. While this legislation was not a blanket fix on pregnancy discrimination, the Pregnancy Discrimination Act was critical for ensuring women and people with the capacity for pregnancy could remain and advance in the workplace—before, during and after childbirth" (para 9-10).
Sept. 30, 2023, 4 p.m.
Countries: Kazakhstan
Variables: ERBG-LAW-2

The Committee notes that gender-based discrimination is prohibited by law in the State party, including through the law on State guarantees of equal rights and equal opportunities for men and women, also known as the law on gender equality. It also notes that a new bill on family and gender policy will encompass direct and indirect discrimination. However, the Committee remains concerned about the following: (a) The current definition of discrimination does not include intersecting forms of discrimination; (b) The legal framework on discrimination is fragmented and does not provide effective protection against discrimination in fields such as employment or in cases of gender-based violence" (p.3).
Sept. 25, 2023, 8:02 a.m.
Countries: Guyana
Variables: ERBG-LAW-2

"The law prohibits discrimination with respect to employment and occupation based on race, sex, gender, disability, language, social status, and national origin or citizenship" (14).
Sept. 22, 2023, 8:51 a.m.
Countries: Angola
Variables: ERBG-LAW-2

"At year’s end the penal code, which parliament passed in January, had not been published or entered into force. The law provides for equal pay for equal work" (19, 27).
Aug. 24, 2023, 1:08 a.m.
Countries: Cape Verde
Variables: ERBG-LAW-2

"[T]he principle of equal pay for work of equal value was not included in the most recent revision of the Labour Code" (10).
Aug. 15, 2023, 5:22 p.m.
Countries: Bahamas
Variables: ERBG-LAW-2

"The law prohibits criminal quid pro quo sexual harassment and authorizes penalties of up to B$5,000 ($5,000) and a maximum of two years’ imprisonment" (12). "The law prohibits discrimination in employment based on HIV/AIDS status" (15).
Aug. 15, 2023, 6:17 a.m.
Countries: Cote D'Ivoire
Variables: ERBG-LAW-2

"The Committee notes the adoption of Law No. 2015-532 of 20 July 2015 on the Labour Code and other measures taken by the State party to increase gender equality in employment. It is concerned, however, about the following: (a) The prevalence of violations against women and girls working in the informal sector and in domestic work, particularly with regard to sexual harassment in the workplace and violations of the principle of equal remuneration for work of equal value, the guarantee of the minimum salary, paid leave, maternity and paternity leave and the respect of maximum working hours (for domestic workers), the lack of implementation of relevant national legislation, and the...more
Aug. 8, 2023, 12:20 p.m.
Countries: Senegal
Variables: ERBG-LAW-2

"There is no definition of discrimination against women in any existing national legislation. However, the committee for the review of laws and regulations that discriminate against women, established by Order No. 00936 of 27 January 2016 of the Minister of Justice and Keeper of the Seals, has proposed a reform of legislation relating to women’s rights. As part of the proposed reform, the definition of discrimination against women as set out in the Convention will be included in Act No. 81-77 of 10 December 1981 on the punishment of acts of racial, ethnic or religious discrimination." (2). "To guarantee equality between men and women, the Constitution of Senegal reaffirms the...more
July 25, 2023, 10:44 a.m.
Countries: Cambodia
Variables: ERBG-LAW-2

"[There is no] law that defines and effectively prohibits violence and harassment, including sexual harassment, in the workplace, which is reportedly prevalent in the State party, particularly in the garment industry and while commuting to and from work" (11). "[The state does not] guarantee in national legislation of the principle of equal pay for work of equal value" (11).
July 21, 2023, 11:58 a.m.
Countries: Azerbaijan
Variables: ERBG-LAW-2

"According to Article 12 of the Code of Labor of the Republic of Azerbaijan that entered into force on 1 July 1999, an employer shall have the following obligations: hiring, promoting career, increasing professional skills, enabling the learning of new profession, exhibiting equal treatment and create equal opportunities for employees while increasing their professional qualification, evaluating the quality of work and dismissing them notwithstanding their gender, creating equal working conditions for employees performing the same job notwithstanding their gender, do not apply differing disciplinary actions in relation to the employees for the same violation and undertake necessary measures to prevent sexual discrimination and sexual harassment” (22).
July 14, 2023, 6:39 p.m.
Countries: Azerbaijan
Variables: ERBG-LAW-2

"Article 8.0.4 of the Law of the Republic of Azerbaijan On Employment stipulates that one of main obligations of the State in area of employment is to ensure equal opportunities for all person to enjoy the right to choose freely their labor and employment notwithstanding race, ethnic background, religion, language, sex, health disabilities (except the cases when their limited abilities complicate the performance), marital status, public and social origins, place of residence, property status, convictions and affiliation to political parties, trade unions and other public organizations" (23).
July 14, 2023, 6:38 p.m.
Countries: Azerbaijan
Variables: ERBG-LAW-2

“Part I of Article 16 of the said Code stipulates that it is strictly forbidden in working relationship to make any discrimination among employees, define directly or indirectly privileges and exemptions, and restrict the rights on the basis of citizenship, sex, race, religion, nationality, language, place of residence, property status, public and social origins, age, family status, convictions, political views, membership to trade unions or other public unions, status of service, and other factors not related to the working skills, professionalism and work outcomes of employees" (22-23).