Latest items for EMCMS-LAW-2
July 6, 2022, 10:19 a.m.
Countries: Canada
Variables: EMCMS-LAW-2
"The Liberal government has made gender equality a top priority, but its latest federal budget benefits men more than women because many of its spending initiatives target male-dominated sectors" (Para. 1). "A statement and impacts report on gender and diversity that accompanied the budget says nearly half of the budget's measures — 44 per cent — are expected to benefit women and men in equal proportions, while 42 per cent are expected to directly or indirectly benefit men. Only a considerably smaller share of the budget measures — roughly 14 per cent — will directly or indirectly benefit women" (Para. 2-3). "'This relative disparity reflects the fact that men are...more
Variables: EMCMS-LAW-2
"The Liberal government has made gender equality a top priority, but its latest federal budget benefits men more than women because many of its spending initiatives target male-dominated sectors" (Para. 1). "A statement and impacts report on gender and diversity that accompanied the budget says nearly half of the budget's measures — 44 per cent — are expected to benefit women and men in equal proportions, while 42 per cent are expected to directly or indirectly benefit men. Only a considerably smaller share of the budget measures — roughly 14 per cent — will directly or indirectly benefit women" (Para. 2-3). "'This relative disparity reflects the fact that men are...more
May 16, 2022, 8:09 p.m.
Countries: Suriname
Variables: EMCMS-LAW-2
"Furthermore, Article 47 paragraph 9 holds that the active service is interrupted by exemption from service because of pregnancy and childbirth, with the result that the entitlement to annual leave is reduced. Article 69 paragraph 3 states that formally the government may terminate a labour contract with a female civil servant as she is getting married. Important to note is that the Articles 15 paragraph 1 and 69 paragraph 3 are not applied in practice" (45).
Variables: EMCMS-LAW-2
"Furthermore, Article 47 paragraph 9 holds that the active service is interrupted by exemption from service because of pregnancy and childbirth, with the result that the entitlement to annual leave is reduced. Article 69 paragraph 3 states that formally the government may terminate a labour contract with a female civil servant as she is getting married. Important to note is that the Articles 15 paragraph 1 and 69 paragraph 3 are not applied in practice" (45).
Jan. 7, 2022, 2:53 p.m.
Countries: Colombia
Variables: EMCMS-LAW-2
"'The termination of employment of a pregnant woman who has previously informed the administration about her condition, carried out using discretionary powers and without sufficient substantive motivation, lacks all legal effects. Consequently, the affected woman has the right to reimbursement and payment of the emoluments not received.' the army cannot discharge a woman because of her pregnancy" (1).
Variables: EMCMS-LAW-2
"'The termination of employment of a pregnant woman who has previously informed the administration about her condition, carried out using discretionary powers and without sufficient substantive motivation, lacks all legal effects. Consequently, the affected woman has the right to reimbursement and payment of the emoluments not received.' the army cannot discharge a woman because of her pregnancy" (1).
June 24, 2021, 5:57 p.m.
Countries: Israel
Variables: EWCMS-LAW-2, EMCMS-LAW-1, EMCMS-LAW-2
"When the State of Israel was first founded and the draft law was passed, Prime Minister David Ben-Gurion agreed to exempt certain groups from military service. The law exempts pregnant and married women as well as unmarried women who practice a religious way of life from mandatory service. This position became the official stance of the Chief Rabbinate. It is also the official position of the national-religious public school system" (para 4).
Variables: EWCMS-LAW-2, EMCMS-LAW-1, EMCMS-LAW-2
"When the State of Israel was first founded and the draft law was passed, Prime Minister David Ben-Gurion agreed to exempt certain groups from military service. The law exempts pregnant and married women as well as unmarried women who practice a religious way of life from mandatory service. This position became the official stance of the Chief Rabbinate. It is also the official position of the national-religious public school system" (para 4).
March 19, 2020, 2:54 p.m.
Countries: United States
Variables: EMCMS-LAW-2
"In the [United States] Army, a woman who becomes pregnant after enlistment, but before she begins initial active duty will not be involuntarily discharged due to pregnancy. She can't enter active duty until her pregnancy is over (either through birth or termination)."
Variables: EMCMS-LAW-2
"In the [United States] Army, a woman who becomes pregnant after enlistment, but before she begins initial active duty will not be involuntarily discharged due to pregnancy. She can't enter active duty until her pregnancy is over (either through birth or termination)."
March 19, 2020, 2:43 p.m.
Countries: United States
Variables: EMCMS-LAW-2
"Selective Service law as it's written now refers specifically to "male persons" in stating who must register and who would be drafted. For women to be required to register with Selective Service, Congress would have to amend the law."
Variables: EMCMS-LAW-2
"Selective Service law as it's written now refers specifically to "male persons" in stating who must register and who would be drafted. For women to be required to register with Selective Service, Congress would have to amend the law."
June 21, 2019, 7:58 a.m.
Countries: Tajikistan
Variables: IIP-LAW-2, EMCMS-LAW-2
"No specific statute bans sexual harassment in the workplace. Victims often did not report incidents because of fear of social stigma. Women reporting sexual harassment faced retaliation from their employers as well as scrutiny from their families and communities" (p. 22).
Variables: IIP-LAW-2, EMCMS-LAW-2
"No specific statute bans sexual harassment in the workplace. Victims often did not report incidents because of fear of social stigma. Women reporting sexual harassment faced retaliation from their employers as well as scrutiny from their families and communities" (p. 22).
June 4, 2019, 11:11 a.m.
Countries: Benin
Variables: ERBG-DATA-1, EMCMS-LAW-2
"The law prohibits sexual harassment and offers protection for victims" (p. 14).
Variables: ERBG-DATA-1, EMCMS-LAW-2
"The law prohibits sexual harassment and offers protection for victims" (p. 14).
June 3, 2019, 7:47 p.m.
Countries: Turkmenistan
Variables: IIP-LAW-2, EMCMS-LAW-2
"No law specifically prohibits sexual harassment, and reports suggested sexual harassment existed in the workplace" (p. 23).
Variables: IIP-LAW-2, EMCMS-LAW-2
"No law specifically prohibits sexual harassment, and reports suggested sexual harassment existed in the workplace" (p. 23).
March 14, 2019, 3:31 p.m.
Countries: Norway
Variables: GP-DATA-5, EMCMS-LAW-2
"The Committee notes that, with the adoption of the new consolidated Equality and Anti-Discrimination Act, the Equality and Anti-Discrimination Tribunal will be the only individual complaints mechanism outside the ordinary court system in gender equality and gender discrimination cases. The Committee welcomes the fact that the Tribunal may award compensation in cases of discrimination in the workplace, but is concerned that it has no mandate to award compensation other than in those cases or to deal with cases of sexual harassment, unlike in cases involving other victims of harassment on other grounds. The Committee is further concerned that women will not be afforded statutory free legal aid to bring cases...more
Variables: GP-DATA-5, EMCMS-LAW-2
"The Committee notes that, with the adoption of the new consolidated Equality and Anti-Discrimination Act, the Equality and Anti-Discrimination Tribunal will be the only individual complaints mechanism outside the ordinary court system in gender equality and gender discrimination cases. The Committee welcomes the fact that the Tribunal may award compensation in cases of discrimination in the workplace, but is concerned that it has no mandate to award compensation other than in those cases or to deal with cases of sexual harassment, unlike in cases involving other victims of harassment on other grounds. The Committee is further concerned that women will not be afforded statutory free legal aid to bring cases...more
Feb. 4, 2019, 3:44 p.m.
Countries: United Kingdom
Variables: EMCMS-LAW-2
"Where gender pay differences are identified, an employer must publish an action plan to eliminate them and provide a copy of the action plan to employees and any recognised trade union" (6).
Variables: EMCMS-LAW-2
"Where gender pay differences are identified, an employer must publish an action plan to eliminate them and provide a copy of the action plan to employees and any recognised trade union" (6).
Sept. 12, 2018, 9:50 p.m.
Countries: Eritrea
Variables: EMCMS-LAW-2
"Despite the 18-month limit on national service under the law, the government did not demobilize many conscripts from the military as scheduled and forced some to serve indefinitely under threats of detention, torture, or punishment of their families. Persons performing national service could not resign or take other employment, generally received no promotions or salary increases, and could rarely leave the country legally because they were denied passports and/or exit visas" (para 132)
Variables: EMCMS-LAW-2
"Despite the 18-month limit on national service under the law, the government did not demobilize many conscripts from the military as scheduled and forced some to serve indefinitely under threats of detention, torture, or punishment of their families. Persons performing national service could not resign or take other employment, generally received no promotions or salary increases, and could rarely leave the country legally because they were denied passports and/or exit visas" (para 132)
Feb. 23, 2018, 8:47 p.m.
Countries: Moldova
Variables: EMCMS-LAW-2
"It should be noted that under the Regulation on the fulfillment of military service in the Armed Forces, women soldiers who are on maternity leave are not released from military service (they are transferred under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Defense) and upon returning from leave they are reassigned to positions in military units. However, some problems exist in this area. Thus, for women engaged in military service, the child care leave period is included in overall seniority and length of employment, but not included in the calendar age of military service. This provision restricts the possibility to benefit of a pension according to the above-mentioned Regulations" (Pg 11).more
Variables: EMCMS-LAW-2
"It should be noted that under the Regulation on the fulfillment of military service in the Armed Forces, women soldiers who are on maternity leave are not released from military service (they are transferred under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Defense) and upon returning from leave they are reassigned to positions in military units. However, some problems exist in this area. Thus, for women engaged in military service, the child care leave period is included in overall seniority and length of employment, but not included in the calendar age of military service. This provision restricts the possibility to benefit of a pension according to the above-mentioned Regulations" (Pg 11).more
Jan. 20, 2018, 10:59 a.m.
Countries: Bahrain
Variables: EMCMS-LAW-2
"That neither the Penal Code nor Law No. 36/2012 governing labour in the private sector specifically defines or criminalizes sexual harassment in the workplace" (Pg 9).
Variables: EMCMS-LAW-2
"That neither the Penal Code nor Law No. 36/2012 governing labour in the private sector specifically defines or criminalizes sexual harassment in the workplace" (Pg 9).
Feb. 10, 2017, 5:18 p.m.
Countries: Sweden
Variables: EMCMS-LAW-2
"Two main sections of the Discrimination Act deal with gender equality at work. First, there is the requirement that all employers must actively pursue specific goals to promote equality between men and women. Second, the law prohibits discrimination and obliges employers to investigate and take measures against any harassment. Also, employers must not unfairly treat any employee or job applicant who is, has been or will be taking parental leave" (3).
Variables: EMCMS-LAW-2
"Two main sections of the Discrimination Act deal with gender equality at work. First, there is the requirement that all employers must actively pursue specific goals to promote equality between men and women. Second, the law prohibits discrimination and obliges employers to investigate and take measures against any harassment. Also, employers must not unfairly treat any employee or job applicant who is, has been or will be taking parental leave" (3).
June 19, 2016, 1:14 p.m.
Countries: Botswana
Variables: EMCMS-LAW-2
The law does not mandate nondiscrimination based on gender in hiring (95).
Variables: EMCMS-LAW-2
The law does not mandate nondiscrimination based on gender in hiring (95).
Feb. 29, 2016, 9:23 a.m.
Countries: Ukraine
Variables: EMCMS-LAW-2
""Yes. Whenever a woman becomes pregnant, she is sent home or set up to work in a non-combat position, such as military nurse. It is her choice." Alyona Zubchenko" (25)
Variables: EMCMS-LAW-2
""Yes. Whenever a woman becomes pregnant, she is sent home or set up to work in a non-combat position, such as military nurse. It is her choice." Alyona Zubchenko" (25)
Aug. 24, 2015, 3:59 p.m.
Countries: Ecuador
Variables: EMCMS-LAW-2
"In the Armed Forces there has been a major change in sociocultural patterns through the promotion of gender equality and women’s rights. In 2010, the rules on matters relating to maternity in training schools were amended and provisions were removed under which a woman who became pregnant during the period of training was immediately placed on leave" (28)
Variables: EMCMS-LAW-2
"In the Armed Forces there has been a major change in sociocultural patterns through the promotion of gender equality and women’s rights. In 2010, the rules on matters relating to maternity in training schools were amended and provisions were removed under which a woman who became pregnant during the period of training was immediately placed on leave" (28)
Aug. 1, 2015, 11 p.m.
Countries: Bahamas
Variables: EMCMS-LAW-2
"This is not applicable since The Bahamas does not have an active military" (para 5). This data does not shed light on the treatment of pregnant women or mothers of minor children within the Royal Bahamas Defense Force (NWRL - CODER COMMENT)
Variables: EMCMS-LAW-2
"This is not applicable since The Bahamas does not have an active military" (para 5). This data does not shed light on the treatment of pregnant women or mothers of minor children within the Royal Bahamas Defense Force (NWRL - CODER COMMENT)
June 15, 2015, 7:53 a.m.
Countries: Lithuania
Variables: EMCMS-LAW-2
"To ensure the possibility for women soldiers to balance maternity and career and for men soldiers to balance childcare and career, the Minister of National Defence approved, by Order No. V-163 of 29 February 2008 , a Statute of Military Service. Paragraph 52 of the Statute provides that pregnant and breastfeeding women soldiers or women soldiers just after giving birth as well as men soldiers who have a child under 14 years of age or a disabled child under 18 years of age may be called to serve on watch and to work, in the case of necessity, extra hours (after working hours and during holidays or days-off) only subject...more
Variables: EMCMS-LAW-2
"To ensure the possibility for women soldiers to balance maternity and career and for men soldiers to balance childcare and career, the Minister of National Defence approved, by Order No. V-163 of 29 February 2008 , a Statute of Military Service. Paragraph 52 of the Statute provides that pregnant and breastfeeding women soldiers or women soldiers just after giving birth as well as men soldiers who have a child under 14 years of age or a disabled child under 18 years of age may be called to serve on watch and to work, in the case of necessity, extra hours (after working hours and during holidays or days-off) only subject...more
April 16, 2015, 4:34 p.m.
Countries: Malawi
Variables: EMCMS-LAW-2
Women who get pregnant can ask for a noncombat position.
Variables: EMCMS-LAW-2
Women who get pregnant can ask for a noncombat position.
Feb. 24, 2010, 6:40 p.m.
Countries: Brunei
Variables: EMCMS-LAW-2
"The growth outlook for Brunei businesswomen is very encouraging, with the government and the influential Women’s Business Council vigorously working for their advancement. Women are not barred from any profession, except combat roles in the armed forces" (4).
Variables: EMCMS-LAW-2
"The growth outlook for Brunei businesswomen is very encouraging, with the government and the influential Women’s Business Council vigorously working for their advancement. Women are not barred from any profession, except combat roles in the armed forces" (4).
Sept. 15, 2009, 9:01 p.m.
Countries: South Korea
Variables: EMCMS-LAW-2
"The amendment to the Military Personnel Act of January 2004 enables women public officers to take maternity leaves during pregnancy, childbirth, and care of children three-years-old or younger (Article 11.4)" (9).
Variables: EMCMS-LAW-2
"The amendment to the Military Personnel Act of January 2004 enables women public officers to take maternity leaves during pregnancy, childbirth, and care of children three-years-old or younger (Article 11.4)" (9).
June 26, 2009, 8:29 p.m.
Countries: Argentina, Croatia, Germany, Mexico, Romania, Slovakia, South Africa, Vietnam
Variables: EMCMS-LAW-1, EMCMS-LAW-2
"Argentina, Croatia, Germany, Mexico, Romania, Slovakia, South Africa and Viet Nam took steps to recruit more women for military service and changed policies to improve their access to service, including by repealing discriminatory policies, offering equal opportunities and equal treatment for women, promulgating policies known as "fast tracking" to increase women’s representation in the higher echelons of the armed forces and creating other opportunities for women’s professional advancement" (9-10).
Variables: EMCMS-LAW-1, EMCMS-LAW-2
"Argentina, Croatia, Germany, Mexico, Romania, Slovakia, South Africa and Viet Nam took steps to recruit more women for military service and changed policies to improve their access to service, including by repealing discriminatory policies, offering equal opportunities and equal treatment for women, promulgating policies known as "fast tracking" to increase women’s representation in the higher echelons of the armed forces and creating other opportunities for women’s professional advancement" (9-10).
May 15, 2009, 6:12 p.m.
Countries: Belgium
Variables: EMCMS-LAW-2
"The law of 12 January 2007 on verifying the application of the resolutions of the global conference on women held in Beijing in September 1995 and integrating the dimension of gender within the totality of federal policies, published in the Belgian Monitor on 13 February 2007. This law, developed at the initiative of the federal Minister of Equal Opportunity during the period under examination, provides for the evaluation of the impact of gender for all draft laws and regulations undertaken by the Government with the goal of preventing or correcting any deleterious effects on the situation with respect to women and of taking into consideration their specific needs" (11-12).more
Variables: EMCMS-LAW-2
"The law of 12 January 2007 on verifying the application of the resolutions of the global conference on women held in Beijing in September 1995 and integrating the dimension of gender within the totality of federal policies, published in the Belgian Monitor on 13 February 2007. This law, developed at the initiative of the federal Minister of Equal Opportunity during the period under examination, provides for the evaluation of the impact of gender for all draft laws and regulations undertaken by the Government with the goal of preventing or correcting any deleterious effects on the situation with respect to women and of taking into consideration their specific needs" (11-12).more
April 15, 2009, 9:39 a.m.
Countries: Sudan
Variables: EMCMS-LAW-2
"During the conflict, WAAFG [women associated with armed forces and groups] organized themselves into complex work structures based on age and physical health. Positioning themselves away from the front line, the older women cared for the babies and children born to WAAFG, as well as the so-called 'Red Army' of children recruited to serve alongside men in battle. Middle-aged women were responsible for making food to take to the front and for hunting game with guns, while the 20-30 year olds would walk to the front to replenish diminishing stocks. Having walked for days, these women would then turn around and carry the injured back to the bush to be...more
Variables: EMCMS-LAW-2
"During the conflict, WAAFG [women associated with armed forces and groups] organized themselves into complex work structures based on age and physical health. Positioning themselves away from the front line, the older women cared for the babies and children born to WAAFG, as well as the so-called 'Red Army' of children recruited to serve alongside men in battle. Middle-aged women were responsible for making food to take to the front and for hunting game with guns, while the 20-30 year olds would walk to the front to replenish diminishing stocks. Having walked for days, these women would then turn around and carry the injured back to the bush to be...more
April 24, 2008, 9:46 p.m.
Countries: Kyrgyzstan
Variables: EMCMS-LAW-2
"For all categories of military personnel, conditions of early discharge from service include death, poor health and important family reasons." (4)
Variables: EMCMS-LAW-2
"For all categories of military personnel, conditions of early discharge from service include death, poor health and important family reasons." (4)
March 7, 2008, 12:45 p.m.
Countries: Iceland
Variables: EMCMS-LAW-2
There is no military service in Iceland (20).
Variables: EMCMS-LAW-2
There is no military service in Iceland (20).
March 5, 2008, 10:16 p.m.
Countries: Iceland
Variables: EMCMS-LAW-2
"The Committee notes that the State party does not have armed forces and that consequently there is no legal regulation of voluntary or compulsory recruitment (2)"
Variables: EMCMS-LAW-2
"The Committee notes that the State party does not have armed forces and that consequently there is no legal regulation of voluntary or compulsory recruitment (2)"
March 5, 2008, 10:08 p.m.
Countries: Iceland
Variables: EMCMS-LAW-2
"'With regard to Article 3, paragraph 2, of the Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the Involvement of Children in Armed Conflict, the Republic of Iceland declares that it has no national armed forces, and hence, a minimum age for recruitment is not applicable in the case of the Republic of Iceland' (2)..Armed groups do not exist in Iceland (2)...Iceland has called for the minimum age for participation in armed conflict to be 18 years. A resolution to this effect was passed by a Nordic ministerial meeting held in Iceland in 1999 (4)."
Variables: EMCMS-LAW-2
"'With regard to Article 3, paragraph 2, of the Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the Involvement of Children in Armed Conflict, the Republic of Iceland declares that it has no national armed forces, and hence, a minimum age for recruitment is not applicable in the case of the Republic of Iceland' (2)..Armed groups do not exist in Iceland (2)...Iceland has called for the minimum age for participation in armed conflict to be 18 years. A resolution to this effect was passed by a Nordic ministerial meeting held in Iceland in 1999 (4)."