Latest items for CWC-DATA-4
Dec. 6, 2024, 9:44 a.m.
Countries: India
Variables: CWC-DATA-4
"A massive wave of migration out of India's countryside may also have unintended consequences for women. Often it's a solo male worker who migrates first, leaving women and children in their ancestral village – where the wife effectively becomes a single parent. She has less flexibility to seek paid work outside the home. When women do migrate to urban areas, they often have safety concerns. They may not know their neighbors as well as they did in their ancestral villages. And if they get jobs, they may have to commute long distances, or at night – on public transit that's often unreliable and unsafe" (para 34-35).
Variables: CWC-DATA-4
"A massive wave of migration out of India's countryside may also have unintended consequences for women. Often it's a solo male worker who migrates first, leaving women and children in their ancestral village – where the wife effectively becomes a single parent. She has less flexibility to seek paid work outside the home. When women do migrate to urban areas, they often have safety concerns. They may not know their neighbors as well as they did in their ancestral villages. And if they get jobs, they may have to commute long distances, or at night – on public transit that's often unreliable and unsafe" (para 34-35).
Dec. 5, 2024, 6:08 p.m.
Countries: Tajikistan
Variables: CWC-DATA-4
"High poverty rates and a tough job market have contributed to nearly 1 million of the country's approximately 9 million citizens finding employment outside of Tajikistan. Their remittances are a key source of income for many families and make up roughly 20-30% of the country’s GDP, according to data from the World Bank and World Economic Forum" (para 1-2).
Variables: CWC-DATA-4
"High poverty rates and a tough job market have contributed to nearly 1 million of the country's approximately 9 million citizens finding employment outside of Tajikistan. Their remittances are a key source of income for many families and make up roughly 20-30% of the country’s GDP, according to data from the World Bank and World Economic Forum" (para 1-2).
Dec. 5, 2024, 4:37 p.m.
Countries: Norway
Variables: CWC-DATA-4
"Migrant women whose residence status depends on the status of their husband and who need to stay three years in a marriage before being eligible for a residence permit in their own right, might be forced to stay in a violent relationship, given that the exception in section 53 (1) b of the Immigration Act is often strictly interpreted by the Directorate of Immigration, which reportedly applies a higher threshold for the severity of the abuse than stipulated by law and requires financial independence of the victim despite the Immigration Regulations exempting victims of gender-based violence from this requirement" (7-8). "The Committee notes with concern that the provisions of the...more
Variables: CWC-DATA-4
"Migrant women whose residence status depends on the status of their husband and who need to stay three years in a marriage before being eligible for a residence permit in their own right, might be forced to stay in a violent relationship, given that the exception in section 53 (1) b of the Immigration Act is often strictly interpreted by the Directorate of Immigration, which reportedly applies a higher threshold for the severity of the abuse than stipulated by law and requires financial independence of the victim despite the Immigration Regulations exempting victims of gender-based violence from this requirement" (7-8). "The Committee notes with concern that the provisions of the...more
Nov. 12, 2024, 1:32 p.m.
Countries: Latvia
Variables: TRAFF-LAW-3, LDS-PRACTICE-2, CWC-DATA-4
"Official statistics lead the State party to conclude that it is primarily a country of origin for trafficking in persons, in particular women and girls, whereas there are reports that foreign victims of trafficking have not been recognized as such and have been denied entry into the State party and returned as irregular migrant women" (8).
Variables: TRAFF-LAW-3, LDS-PRACTICE-2, CWC-DATA-4
"Official statistics lead the State party to conclude that it is primarily a country of origin for trafficking in persons, in particular women and girls, whereas there are reports that foreign victims of trafficking have not been recognized as such and have been denied entry into the State party and returned as irregular migrant women" (8).
Oct. 9, 2024, 7:59 p.m.
Countries: Belize
Variables: CWC-DATA-4
"Considering that migrant women may have language barriers when navigating the court system, language barriers has been identified as a key concern in the administration of justice. Therefore, the court now offers translators for court proceedings if the Magistrate determines it is needed. The Chief Magistrate ensures that translators receive continuous Spanish Language training" (27).
Variables: CWC-DATA-4
"Considering that migrant women may have language barriers when navigating the court system, language barriers has been identified as a key concern in the administration of justice. Therefore, the court now offers translators for court proceedings if the Magistrate determines it is needed. The Chief Magistrate ensures that translators receive continuous Spanish Language training" (27).
July 18, 2024, 6:38 p.m.
Countries: Guatemala
Variables: CWC-DATA-4
"[The Secretariat against Sexual Violence, Exploitation, and Trafficking in Persons] appointed personnel to coordinate with authorities on measures aimed at raising awareness of and preventing the trafficking of migrants passing through the country as part of the migratory movements known as migrant caravans" (13). "In 2019, the Secretariat against Sexual Violence, Exploitation and Trafficking in Persons established a special temporary shelter for adult migrant women who have been victims of crimes involving sexual violence, exploitation and trafficking. As at April 2021, it had assisted 51 people" (14). "Guidelines for helping and protecting women in the context of migration, containing recommended steps for assisting migrant women throughout the migration process, were...more
Variables: CWC-DATA-4
"[The Secretariat against Sexual Violence, Exploitation, and Trafficking in Persons] appointed personnel to coordinate with authorities on measures aimed at raising awareness of and preventing the trafficking of migrants passing through the country as part of the migratory movements known as migrant caravans" (13). "In 2019, the Secretariat against Sexual Violence, Exploitation and Trafficking in Persons established a special temporary shelter for adult migrant women who have been victims of crimes involving sexual violence, exploitation and trafficking. As at April 2021, it had assisted 51 people" (14). "Guidelines for helping and protecting women in the context of migration, containing recommended steps for assisting migrant women throughout the migration process, were...more
April 19, 2024, 3:06 p.m.
Countries: Serbia
Variables: CWC-DATA-4
"[There is] persistent lack of awareness among women, specifically [migrant women] of their rights under the Convention and available remedies" (3).
Variables: CWC-DATA-4
"[There is] persistent lack of awareness among women, specifically [migrant women] of their rights under the Convention and available remedies" (3).
March 30, 2024, 2:46 p.m.
Countries: Lithuania
Variables: CWC-DATA-4
"Vertical and horizontal occupational segregation [make it difficult to] integrat[e] migrant women []into the labour market" (11). "[There are limited levels of] access to high -quality maternal health care throughout pregnancy and delivery for undocumented migrant women, who are ineligible for the State party ’s compulsory health insurance" (12). "[Affordable or] free access for undocumented migrant women to maternal health care throughout pregnancy and delivery, including antenatal care [is limited]" (12).
Variables: CWC-DATA-4
"Vertical and horizontal occupational segregation [make it difficult to] integrat[e] migrant women []into the labour market" (11). "[There are limited levels of] access to high -quality maternal health care throughout pregnancy and delivery for undocumented migrant women, who are ineligible for the State party ’s compulsory health insurance" (12). "[Affordable or] free access for undocumented migrant women to maternal health care throughout pregnancy and delivery, including antenatal care [is limited]" (12).
Jan. 29, 2024, 8:39 p.m.
Countries: Spain
Variables: CWC-DATA-4
"It's estimated there are 350,000 women in prostitution in Spain, 80 per cent of whom are undocumented migrants" (para 1).
Variables: CWC-DATA-4
"It's estimated there are 350,000 women in prostitution in Spain, 80 per cent of whom are undocumented migrants" (para 1).
Jan. 29, 2024, 5:50 p.m.
Countries: Bosnia-Herzegovina
Variables: CWC-DATA-4
"[A]ccess to free legal aid by migrant women [is limited] throughout the State party during the birth registration process… [A]ppropriate human, technical and financial resources are [not] allocated for the provision of free legal aid to women and girls belonging to disadvantaged groups, including migrant women" (10). "[A]ccess to high-quality health-care services [is limited] for women belonging to disadvantaged groups who are not covered by health insurance, including [migrant women]" (12). "[There is no] social security coverage for migrant women and girls" (14).
Variables: CWC-DATA-4
"[A]ccess to free legal aid by migrant women [is limited] throughout the State party during the birth registration process… [A]ppropriate human, technical and financial resources are [not] allocated for the provision of free legal aid to women and girls belonging to disadvantaged groups, including migrant women" (10). "[A]ccess to high-quality health-care services [is limited] for women belonging to disadvantaged groups who are not covered by health insurance, including [migrant women]" (12). "[There is no] social security coverage for migrant women and girls" (14).
Jan. 28, 2024, 6:55 p.m.
Countries: Cote D'Ivoire
Variables: CWC-DATA-4
"In the hamlets of the Sassandra-Marahoué district you can see what the new economic reality means – people ranging in age from teenagers to their mid-30s are absent. The village elders have a word for this exodus, l’aventure: younger people who have left the strictures of village life for the city, jobs, anonymity and freedom. But they have also left their children. In village after village, grandmothers are bringing up four or five or six grandchildren, in some cases great-grandchildren, too. Often the parents slip away in the dead of night, without warning, leaving their children behind"(para 5-6). "'It’s good they left here, there’s nothing for them here,' says Kouame...more
Variables: CWC-DATA-4
"In the hamlets of the Sassandra-Marahoué district you can see what the new economic reality means – people ranging in age from teenagers to their mid-30s are absent. The village elders have a word for this exodus, l’aventure: younger people who have left the strictures of village life for the city, jobs, anonymity and freedom. But they have also left their children. In village after village, grandmothers are bringing up four or five or six grandchildren, in some cases great-grandchildren, too. Often the parents slip away in the dead of night, without warning, leaving their children behind"(para 5-6). "'It’s good they left here, there’s nothing for them here,' says Kouame...more
Jan. 4, 2024, 10:41 a.m.
Countries: Singapore
Variables: CWC-DATA-4
"[T]he law requir[es] work permit holders to be deported on grounds of pregnancy" (30). Female migrants are seen as incapable of working while pregnant (MV-coder comment).
Variables: CWC-DATA-4
"[T]he law requir[es] work permit holders to be deported on grounds of pregnancy" (30). Female migrants are seen as incapable of working while pregnant (MV-coder comment).
Dec. 5, 2023, 11:18 a.m.
Countries: China
Variables: CWC-DATA-2, CWC-DATA-4
"Inequitable healthcare access remains a huge issue in China, particularly for rural-living and migrant women" (pp 21). These women lack access to healthcare (MV-coder comment).
Variables: CWC-DATA-2, CWC-DATA-4
"Inequitable healthcare access remains a huge issue in China, particularly for rural-living and migrant women" (pp 21). These women lack access to healthcare (MV-coder comment).
Nov. 21, 2023, 5:30 p.m.
Countries: Australia
Variables: CWC-DATA-4
"He estimated there were at least 30,000 foreigners working in Australia under false pretexts" (para. 28).
Variables: CWC-DATA-4
"He estimated there were at least 30,000 foreigners working in Australia under false pretexts" (para. 28).
Oct. 4, 2023, 6:58 a.m.
Countries: Angola
Variables: CWC-DATA-4
"[T]he absence of effective consultation and benefit-sharing mechanisms for rural women, as well as for migrant women, who have been internally displaced [is a concern]" (13). "[M]igrant and asylum-seeking women and girls [are not guaranteed access] to employment, accommodations, education, health-care services and other support, including food, clothing and the necessary social services, appropriate to their particular needs" (15).
Variables: CWC-DATA-4
"[T]he absence of effective consultation and benefit-sharing mechanisms for rural women, as well as for migrant women, who have been internally displaced [is a concern]" (13). "[M]igrant and asylum-seeking women and girls [are not guaranteed access] to employment, accommodations, education, health-care services and other support, including food, clothing and the necessary social services, appropriate to their particular needs" (15).
Sept. 25, 2023, 8:02 a.m.
Countries: Guyana
Variables: CWC-DATA-4
"The law prohibits [torture and other cruel, inhuman, or degrading treatment or punishment]. There were allegations, nonetheless, that prison officials mistreated inmates as well as claims that police raped displaced migrants from Venezuela" (2). "There were reports that some displaced Venezuelan women experienced human rights abuses, including sexual exploitation, by government officials. In May the government charged three police officers for allegedly raping a displaced migrant from Venezuela... NGOs also reported displaced Venezuelans received a lower standard of health and social care" (6).
Variables: CWC-DATA-4
"The law prohibits [torture and other cruel, inhuman, or degrading treatment or punishment]. There were allegations, nonetheless, that prison officials mistreated inmates as well as claims that police raped displaced migrants from Venezuela" (2). "There were reports that some displaced Venezuelan women experienced human rights abuses, including sexual exploitation, by government officials. In May the government charged three police officers for allegedly raping a displaced migrant from Venezuela... NGOs also reported displaced Venezuelans received a lower standard of health and social care" (6).
Sept. 22, 2023, 8:51 a.m.
Countries: Angola
Variables: CWC-DATA-4
"Migrant workers were subject to seizure of passports, threats, denial of food, and confinement" (25).
Variables: CWC-DATA-4
"Migrant workers were subject to seizure of passports, threats, denial of food, and confinement" (25).
Aug. 24, 2023, 1:08 a.m.
Countries: Cape Verde
Variables: CWC-DATA-4
"[T]he lack of awareness of the rights guaranteed under the Convention among the public in the State party, in particular among women, in both rural and urban areas [is a concern]" (2). Migrant women are usually located in these areas and also unaware of their rights (MV-coder comment). "[There are c]ases of forced prostitution, including of migrant women from West African countries such as Nigeria and Senegal, in the islands of Sal and Boa Vista" (7). "[V]ictims of trafficking, including migrant women do not] have access to adequate health care, shelters, counselling services and redress, including reparations and compensation" (7). "[P]atriarchal attitudes, impede migrant women from enjoying their rights" (14).more
Variables: CWC-DATA-4
"[T]he lack of awareness of the rights guaranteed under the Convention among the public in the State party, in particular among women, in both rural and urban areas [is a concern]" (2). Migrant women are usually located in these areas and also unaware of their rights (MV-coder comment). "[There are c]ases of forced prostitution, including of migrant women from West African countries such as Nigeria and Senegal, in the islands of Sal and Boa Vista" (7). "[V]ictims of trafficking, including migrant women do not] have access to adequate health care, shelters, counselling services and redress, including reparations and compensation" (7). "[P]atriarchal attitudes, impede migrant women from enjoying their rights" (14).more
Aug. 15, 2023, 5:22 p.m.
Countries: Bahamas
Variables: CWC-DATA-4
"Undocumented migrants were vulnerable to forced labor, especially in domestic servitude, in the agricultural sector, and particularly in the outlying Family Islands" (16).
Variables: CWC-DATA-4
"Undocumented migrants were vulnerable to forced labor, especially in domestic servitude, in the agricultural sector, and particularly in the outlying Family Islands" (16).
Aug. 8, 2023, 8:30 p.m.
Countries: Bulgaria
Variables: CWC-DATA-4
"[T]he State party is a source and destination country for trafficking in women and girls for purposes of sexual exploitation and forced labour" (7). "[T]axes and additional payments for kindergartens and preschool education [increase] the burden on rural, Roma and migrant households" (9). "[There is v]ertical and horizontal occupational segregation and the difficulties of integrating migrant women, Roma women, rural women and women with disabilities into the formal labour market" (10).
Variables: CWC-DATA-4
"[T]he State party is a source and destination country for trafficking in women and girls for purposes of sexual exploitation and forced labour" (7). "[T]axes and additional payments for kindergartens and preschool education [increase] the burden on rural, Roma and migrant households" (9). "[There is v]ertical and horizontal occupational segregation and the difficulties of integrating migrant women, Roma women, rural women and women with disabilities into the formal labour market" (10).
Aug. 4, 2023, 6:59 p.m.
Countries: Bulgaria
Variables: CWC-DATA-4
"Rural women lack access to infrastructure, transportation and financial and other support for agricultural and economic activities, which results in the large-scale migration of younger women to urban areas or out of the country. Migrant women and asylum-seeking women, who may have lived in the country for many years, have limited access to services available to Bulgarian citizens, in particular education, health [, transportation, infrastructure] and social services. Migrant women and asylum-seeking women have limited access to government-run reception centres owing to strict eligibility requirements and a lack of efficient coordination, as well as the absence of gender-sensitive conditions, compliant with United Nations standards, in those centres" (12).more
Variables: CWC-DATA-4
"Rural women lack access to infrastructure, transportation and financial and other support for agricultural and economic activities, which results in the large-scale migration of younger women to urban areas or out of the country. Migrant women and asylum-seeking women, who may have lived in the country for many years, have limited access to services available to Bulgarian citizens, in particular education, health [, transportation, infrastructure] and social services. Migrant women and asylum-seeking women have limited access to government-run reception centres owing to strict eligibility requirements and a lack of efficient coordination, as well as the absence of gender-sensitive conditions, compliant with United Nations standards, in those centres" (12).more
July 25, 2023, 10:44 a.m.
Countries: Cambodia
Variables: CWC-DATA-4
"[T]he State party remains a source, destination and transit country for trafficking in persons, in particular women and girls, for purposes of sexual and labour exploitation" (8). "Cambodian women who migrate abroad to work in low paid sectors such as manufacturing, domestic work, hospitality and agriculture, frequently experience abuse and exploitation" (11).
Variables: CWC-DATA-4
"[T]he State party remains a source, destination and transit country for trafficking in persons, in particular women and girls, for purposes of sexual and labour exploitation" (8). "Cambodian women who migrate abroad to work in low paid sectors such as manufacturing, domestic work, hospitality and agriculture, frequently experience abuse and exploitation" (11).
July 10, 2023, 9:26 p.m.
Countries: Maldives
Variables: CWC-DATA-4
"Further, Government has established a pre-departure screening system for Bangladeshi migrant workers in part to reduce fraudulent recruitment." (16).
Variables: CWC-DATA-4
"Further, Government has established a pre-departure screening system for Bangladeshi migrant workers in part to reduce fraudulent recruitment." (16).
June 27, 2023, 11:15 p.m.
Countries: Algeria
Variables: CWC-DATA-4
"In June the Associated Press (AP) reported that the government had forced an estimated 13,000 migrants over the previous 14 months to walk from Guezzam, Algeria, to Assamakka, Niger, as part of the repatriation process... The International Organization for Migration (IOM) reported in July that officials were deporting an estimated average of 1,000 migrants to Niger per month. International organizations reported that authorities continued to leave deportees at the Algerian/Niger border near Guezzam, Algeria or Assamakka, Niger, where migrants were forced to walk 250 km (155 miles) to the nearest town of Agadez. There were reports that during government roundup operations of suspected migrants, some of those detained were raped,...more
Variables: CWC-DATA-4
"In June the Associated Press (AP) reported that the government had forced an estimated 13,000 migrants over the previous 14 months to walk from Guezzam, Algeria, to Assamakka, Niger, as part of the repatriation process... The International Organization for Migration (IOM) reported in July that officials were deporting an estimated average of 1,000 migrants to Niger per month. International organizations reported that authorities continued to leave deportees at the Algerian/Niger border near Guezzam, Algeria or Assamakka, Niger, where migrants were forced to walk 250 km (155 miles) to the nearest town of Agadez. There were reports that during government roundup operations of suspected migrants, some of those detained were raped,...more
June 27, 2023, 2:45 p.m.
Countries: Algeria
Variables: CWC-DATA-4
"NGOs reported instances in which unaccompanied migrant female youth were exploited as domestic workers and were known to be loaned out to families for extended periods to work in homes or exploited as prostitutes" (38).
Variables: CWC-DATA-4
"NGOs reported instances in which unaccompanied migrant female youth were exploited as domestic workers and were known to be loaned out to families for extended periods to work in homes or exploited as prostitutes" (38).
June 27, 2023, 2:43 p.m.
Countries: Algeria
Variables: CWC-DATA-4
"According to the IOM, the government repatriated 5,348 migrants to Niger and deported 6,090 migrants to Niger, for a total of 11,438 from January to July, pursuant to a bilateral agreement at the request of the Nigerien government… The Ministry of Interior reported in March to a Senate session that approximately 500 illegal migrants try to enter the country daily along the country’s southern borders" (20). "NGOs reported that irregular migrants sometimes worked in forced labor and that their lack of work permits made them more vulnerable to exploitation. For example, female migrants were subjected to debt bondage as they worked to repay smuggling debts through domestic servitude, forced begging,...more
Variables: CWC-DATA-4
"According to the IOM, the government repatriated 5,348 migrants to Niger and deported 6,090 migrants to Niger, for a total of 11,438 from January to July, pursuant to a bilateral agreement at the request of the Nigerien government… The Ministry of Interior reported in March to a Senate session that approximately 500 illegal migrants try to enter the country daily along the country’s southern borders" (20). "NGOs reported that irregular migrants sometimes worked in forced labor and that their lack of work permits made them more vulnerable to exploitation. For example, female migrants were subjected to debt bondage as they worked to repay smuggling debts through domestic servitude, forced begging,...more
June 20, 2023, 9:30 p.m.
Countries: Nicaragua
Variables: CWC-DATA-4
"In addition, immigrants constitute 0.66 percent of the population…"(3).
Variables: CWC-DATA-4
"In addition, immigrants constitute 0.66 percent of the population…"(3).
May 18, 2023, 11:04 a.m.
Countries: Italy
Variables: CWC-DATA-4
"The fertility rate edged down to 1.24 children per woman from 1.25 in 2021, registering a decline in central and northern regions and a marginal increase in the south. The trend was partly offset by immigration, with immigrants exceeding emigrants by 229,000 last year compared with a net inflow of 160,000 in 2021. Foreigners made up 8.6% of the country's population in 2022, for a total of 5.05 million" (Para.8).
Variables: CWC-DATA-4
"The fertility rate edged down to 1.24 children per woman from 1.25 in 2021, registering a decline in central and northern regions and a marginal increase in the south. The trend was partly offset by immigration, with immigrants exceeding emigrants by 229,000 last year compared with a net inflow of 160,000 in 2021. Foreigners made up 8.6% of the country's population in 2022, for a total of 5.05 million" (Para.8).
April 19, 2023, 6:17 p.m.
Countries: North Korea
Variables: CWC-DATA-4
"Previous reports suggested some 150,000 to 200,000 North Korean defectors had made it to China and now risked this kind of treatment. Global Rights Compliance now put that figure closer to half a million." (para 35).
Variables: CWC-DATA-4
"Previous reports suggested some 150,000 to 200,000 North Korean defectors had made it to China and now risked this kind of treatment. Global Rights Compliance now put that figure closer to half a million." (para 35).
March 18, 2023, 10:20 p.m.
Countries: Ethiopia
Variables: CWC-DATA-4
"In 2013/14, a total of 163,018 migrants (100,688 males and 53,732 females and 8,598 children) that were deported from Saudi Arabia were provided with support, including the provision of temporary shelters upon arrival, reintegration with their families, skill training and organization into self-help groups in cooperation with governmental and non-governmental organizations" (10-11). "Studies indicate that the underlying cause of human trafficking and smuggling is poverty" (11). "In 2014, Ethiopia received more than 150, 000 of its citizens that were deported from Saudi Arabia" (27).
Variables: CWC-DATA-4
"In 2013/14, a total of 163,018 migrants (100,688 males and 53,732 females and 8,598 children) that were deported from Saudi Arabia were provided with support, including the provision of temporary shelters upon arrival, reintegration with their families, skill training and organization into self-help groups in cooperation with governmental and non-governmental organizations" (10-11). "Studies indicate that the underlying cause of human trafficking and smuggling is poverty" (11). "In 2014, Ethiopia received more than 150, 000 of its citizens that were deported from Saudi Arabia" (27).