The most comprehensive compilation of information on the status of
women in the world.

Latest items for CL-PRACTICE-1

Feb. 13, 2025, 10:47 p.m.
Countries: Italy
Variables: CL-PRACTICE-1

"The Covid-19 pandemic dramatically increased caregiving duties and time spent doing unpaid care and domestic work" (9).
Feb. 5, 2025, 7:03 p.m.
Countries: India
Variables: CL-PRACTICE-1

"The socio-economic pressure on women to assume caregiving roles within the family emerges as a primary factor, compelling them to step forward as donors" (para 8).
Feb. 3, 2025, 5:52 p.m.
Countries: Japan
Variables: CL-PRACTICE-1

“Where Japan did well over the recent decade is putting the care infrastructure in place for working parents,” Nobuko Kobayashi, a partner at EY-Parthenon in Japan, wrote in an email" (Para 5). Japan's economy saw a significant growth after care infrastucture was introducted by the government for working parents (UST - CODERS COMMENT).
Feb. 3, 2025, 5:50 p.m.
Countries: United States
Variables: CL-PRACTICE-1

“Where Japan did well over the recent decade is putting the care infrastructure in place for working parents,” Nobuko Kobayashi, a partner at EY-Parthenon in Japan, wrote in an email" (Para 5). Japan's economy saw a significant growth after care infrastucture was introducted by the government for working parents (UST - CODERS COMMENT).
Jan. 30, 2025, 7:52 p.m.
Countries: Honduras
Variables: CL-PRACTICE-1

"[T]he Committee notes with concern: (a) The low workforce participation rate among women (42.33 per cent in 2021) due to the disproportionate burden of unpaid domestic and care work placed on women" (12).
Jan. 29, 2025, 7:35 p.m.
Countries: Costa Rica
Variables: CL-PRACTICE-1

"[T]he Committee notes with concern: (a) That public care services are underfunded and limited essentially to persons living in poverty, and that women therefore continue to carry a disproportionate burden of unpaid care work in the State party" (8).
Jan. 24, 2025, 7:43 p.m.
Countries: Chile
Variables: CL-PRACTICE-1

"In this way, a male chauvinist culture persists in the country: care has essentially been reserved for women, its distribution is unequal and it has become invisible and undervalued as work" (3).
Jan. 24, 2025, 1:43 p.m.
Countries: Japan
Variables: CL-PRACTICE-1

"or years Ito Tsubasa never questioned his family life: he worked long hours while his wife did all the housework. So it came as a shock when his wife, pregnant with their second child, suggested he take parental leave so she could focus on her career. After a heated argument, he eventually gave in, taking six months of parental leave. His experience of staying at home has transformed his understanding of what it means to be a father. 'I used to think I was a great dad just because I played with the child on the weekends,' says Mr Ito (pictured), whose children are now eight and four. 'I couldn’t...more
Jan. 23, 2025, 5:46 p.m.
Countries: United Kingdom
Variables: DACH-DATA-1, CL-PRACTICE-1, CL-PRACTICE-2

"In the UK, that includes a surprising number of older men looking after their wives. Although men still die younger than women, anti-smoking campaigns, particularly from the 1980s on, have had a significant impact on the mortality rates from strokes, heart attacks and cancer, Harper said. Women tend to be frailer than men when they age, so as men survive longer, they are more likely to take on a carer role into their 70s, even though traditionally the majority of care for the elderly – as for children – has been performed by women" (para 25-26).
Jan. 17, 2025, 5:39 p.m.
Countries: Chile
Variables: CL-PRACTICE-1

"Between 1984 and 1985, the Swedish mining company Boliden shipped 19,139 tonnes of toxic waste, containing arsenic, mercury, cadmium and lead, from its smelter in Rönnskärsverken in Skellefteå, Sweden, to Arica, in northern Chile. Boliden exported the sludge for processing and arsenic extraction to a subcontractor, Promel S.A., a Chilean mining company. Promel processed just 120 of the 19,139 tonnes. The remainder of the waste was left outdoors and uncovered, at a site known as Sitio F, 250 metres from Sica Sica, a neighbourhood of low-income family housing. The location of the storage site is indicated on the attached map. It remained there for 14 years. The surrounding community was...more
Jan. 17, 2025, 11:50 a.m.
Countries: Cambodia
Variables: CL-PRACTICE-1, AFE-PRACTICE-3

"TUL [Trade Union Law] provisions requiring that trade union leaders be literate and educated particularly impact women workers who come primarily from rural areas and have low levels of education, and are time poor by virtue of juggling paid work, and unpaid caregiving roles" (5).
Jan. 10, 2025, 6:10 p.m.
Countries: Maldives
Variables: CL-PRACTICE-1

"Women are also burdened by the expectations of traditional duty imposed on them. Rearing children, cleaning the house and cooking three meals a day are often considered the roles of a woman. Patriarchy demands all these. There are still men who believe that women are unfit for professional jobs and should stay home" (para 4).
Jan. 8, 2025, 4:08 p.m.
Countries: South Korea
Variables: CL-PRACTICE-1, NGOFW-DATA-1

"'While men will work long hours and be exempt from care responsibilities and rights, women will have to do all the care work,' the Korean Women's Associations United said in a recent statement" (par. 6).
Jan. 8, 2025, 3:34 p.m.
Countries: Tajikistan
Variables: CL-PRACTICE-1

"In order to convey the importance of equal rights and opportunities for men and women, staff of the Committee on Women and the Family, ministries and agencies produced and broadcast programmes and speeches on issues of women’s rights, equitable distribution of domestic work and compulsory education for women on various national and local television channels, totalling 657 in 2019, 613 in 2020, 1,034 in 2021 and 987 in the first nine months of 2022" (p. 22). This suggests that there are differences between how much work is done in the household between men and women (IME - CODER COMMENT). "Currently, a draft of the State employment promotion programme for 2023–2025...more
Jan. 4, 2025, 12:52 p.m.
Countries: Germany
Variables: ERBG-DATA-1, CL-PRACTICE-1, ATDW-PRACTICE-2

"In practice, many German communes lack space in women’s shelters or the resources to help women who are financially dependent. The constant rise in rents, the still prevalent gender pay gap, the unequal division of care work – all these factors mean that many women simply can’t afford to leave their abusers. Where are they supposed to go" (par. 5).
Jan. 4, 2025, 11:59 a.m.
Countries: South Korea
Variables: CL-PRACTICE-1

“South Korea's fertility rate, the lowest in the developed world, is believed to be due to a potent cocktail of reasons discouraging people from having babies, including a decaying job market, a brutally competitive school environment for children, traditionally weak child care assistance and a male-centered corporate culture where many women find it impossible to combine careers and family” (para 6).
Jan. 3, 2025, 2:39 p.m.
Countries: United States
Variables: CL-PRACTICE-1

"Once they move from college to the workforce, women still overwhelmingly bear family caregiving responsibilities that can interrupt their careers, said Joseph Fuller, professor of management practice at Harvard" (par. 22). "'The career path associated with decision-making jobs and highly paid jobs, their design logic and even their language is still firmly rooted in a 1960s paradigm,' said Fuller. 'If you go to a big global company, the path to the C-suite anticipates one or two international assignments, four or five relocations, very demanding work hours. There's nothing that prevents a man or a woman from making those commitments, but if you're the principal caregiver, those burdens still disproportionately fall...more
Dec. 12, 2024, 9:28 p.m.
Countries: Italy
Variables: CL-PRACTICE-1

"Official figures show that 72 percent of resignations in 2021 were submitted by women. Most of those who quit cited the difficulties associated with juggling work and childcare duties. 'Care work is still all on women’s shoulders, even for couples where both have jobs,' Chiara Daniela Pronzato, professor of demography at the University of Turin, told Al Jazeera" (para 23-24). "Good quality and affordable childcare is in short supply. There are not enough state-run nursery places and private preschools are very expensive. Plans to use 4.6 billion euros of the EU’s COVID-19 recovery funds to build new nurseries are lagging. 'The most expensive aspect of parenthood is children’s time. Caring...more
Dec. 6, 2024, 9:44 a.m.
Countries: India
Variables: CL-PRACTICE-1

"She was an executive, living in a typical joint Indian family home with her in-laws and children, when in 2005, her father-in-law died. Then the family's longtime housekeeper got married and left. Suddenly, the role of caregiver fell on Dhulap. So she did what millions of Indian women do each year: She quit her job" (para 6-7). "Despite their country's fast development, lots of Indians still have conservative ideas about a woman's role in the family. 'Family is the first priority for many women across the world, but especially in a country like India that's very traditional. We still live in joint [multi-generational] families with obligations and a glorified image...more
Dec. 5, 2024, 4:37 p.m.
Countries: Norway
Variables: CL-PRACTICE-1

"The labour market remains highly segregated based on gender, with women being overrepresented in certain lower-paying sectors and in public and part-time positions that are more reconcilable with their family responsibilities, and...women are underrepresented in the private sector and in managerial posts...Women carry a disproportionate care and child-raising burden, which hampers their career prospects" (11). "The Committee notes with concern that, on average, women receive lower pension benefits than men, owing to occupational segregation, the overrepresentation of women in part-time employment and their disproportionate care and child-raising responsibilities" (12). "The Committee notes with concern...that: women’s health is underresearched, including with regard to the specific health needs of women, occupational hazards...more
Nov. 29, 2024, 3:11 p.m.
Countries: South Korea
Variables: CL-PRACTICE-1

“South Korea's fertility rate, the lowest in the developed world, is believed to be due to a potent cocktail of reasons discouraging people from having babies, including a decaying job market, a brutally competitive school environment for children, traditionally weak child care assistance and a male-centered corporate culture where many women find it impossible to combine careers and family” (para 6).
Nov. 12, 2024, 1:32 p.m.
Countries: Latvia
Variables: CL-PRACTICE-1, DLB-DATA-1

"The Committee [is]concerned about...the unequal sharing of family responsibilities between women and men" (11).
Oct. 16, 2024, 11:27 a.m.
Countries: North Korea
Variables: CL-PRACTICE-1, CL-PRACTICE-2, DLB-DATA-1

"'With no alternative source of income, they [women] are still required to feed their family, look after sick family members, while also providing contributions to the state'" (para 15).
Oct. 9, 2024, 7:59 p.m.
Countries: Belize
Variables: CL-PRACTICE-1

"The global Covid-19 Pandemic which emerged in 2020, reversed some of the economic and social gains made for women. At the height of pandemic, many women undertook care-giving roles and unpaid labour in their homes including substitute teachers for children since schools were closed" (5). "As Belize’s population ages, women may be further challenged, excluded and marginalized in their senior years as they continue to spend their productive years in unpaid care work and in the informal sector" (6). "Older persons tend to live near kin. Older women are usually tasked with paid or unpaid caregiving for their children, grandchildren, or neighbours" (7).
July 26, 2024, 6:17 p.m.
Countries: Benin
Variables: CL-PRACTICE-1

“Albertine Doussoumon and her mother, Rosaline Chabi, are two of 180 women from three villages taking part in Fadeyi’s pilot project, overseen by the University of Parakou. ‘We women make money from gathering firewood and collecting sand for the construction companies,’ says Doussoumon, in Nago, a dialect similar to the Yoruba spoken on the Nigerian side of the forest. ‘We use that to buy clothes for the children.’ Doussoumon’s daily routine is working the plot of land owned by her husband where they grow maize, cassava, yams and rice. In the rainy season she picks mushrooms to eat with pounded yam and sell at the market” (8-10).
July 18, 2024, 6:38 p.m.
Countries: Guatemala
Variables: CL-PRACTICE-1

"Since 2011, sections on time use have been included in the national survey on living conditions and the national employment and income survey. This has made it possible to establish a satellite account for unpaid work in Guatemalan households. In 2019, women performed an average of 33.3 hours of unpaid work per week, a reduction of 4 hours compared with 2017. By contrast, men performed an average of 10.3 hours of unpaid work in 2019, an increase of 0.4 hours compared with 2017. According to data disaggregated by population group, Xinca women performed 36.4 hours of unpaid work per week. Food preparation, childcare and house cleaning are the most representative...more
Jan. 28, 2024, 6:55 p.m.
Countries: Cote D'Ivoire
Variables: CL-PRACTICE-1

"The restaurant owner knows it’s illegal to employ children, but they work for less than half of what she would pay an adult and she knows that without a job they will go hungry. There’s no shortage of children willing to work, but she’s often exasperated and threatens to sack them because at the first chance to play, they’re off. Kouffia, 13, is a quiet, shy and devoted granddaughter. 'My mother is in the village, she can’t look after me. I was still small, I don’t remember my father, but I do have memories of my village. I begin my day at sunrise sweeping the yard, I help prepare the...more
Jan. 16, 2024, 6:33 p.m.
Countries: Botswana
Variables: CL-PRACTICE-1

“Available evidence (Botswana AIDS Impact Survey I, II, III and IV) shows that more women and girls…shoulder the heavy burden of care and support of people living with HIV (PLHIV)” (19). "The majority of rural women do not have a partner supporting them with the day-to-day management of the household nor contributing financially to children growth and development. This traditional family construct contributes to the overrepresentation of women among poor rural households” (35). "Access to water remains a challenge for rural women in Botswana. Although the rights of access to land generally include access to surface water resources, subject to existing rights, women’s plots tend to be far from water...more
Nov. 21, 2023, 5:44 p.m.
Countries: Australia
Variables: CL-PRACTICE-1

"The ACTU noted Australia currently had one of the lowest-paid parental leave schemes in the world and poor levels of shared parenting, leaving women unfairly carrying the burden of caring for children" (para. 13). This expansion of paid parental leave indicates prior societal expectations that women perform unpaid caring labor (MD - CODER COMMENT).
Nov. 3, 2023, 11:41 a.m.
Countries: South Korea
Variables: CL-PRACTICE-1

“When Yuna turned up for her first day at work, as a clerk at a major bank, she was not expecting the tasks she would be assigned. First was to make lunch for her team. Later, she was ordered to take the hand towels from the men's toilet home and wash them. These jobs fell to her, she was told, as the newest female member of staff. At first she politely refused. Could the men not take their own towels home to wash, she asked her boss, but he replied incredulously: 'How can you expect men to wash towels?'” (para 1-2). “What tipped her over the edge was not just...more