Countries: Senegal
Variables: ATDW-LAW-3

"At the end of the work, proposals were made to amend certain provisions of the Family Code...They concern, in particular, amendments to the provisions of the Family Code relating to...causes of divorce (article 166)..." (25)(NF - CODER COMMENT - Causes of divorce include: declared absence of one of the spouses; adultery on behalf of the husband; conviction of a crime one; Lack of maintenance of the wife by the husband; Refusal of one of the spouses to carry out the commitments made prior to marriage; Abandonment of the family or from the marital home; Ill-treatment, abuse or serious insults making existence in common impossible; Medically established definitive sterility; Serious and...more

Countries: Uzbekistan
Variables: ATDW-LAW-3, ATDW-LAW-4

"A significant contribution to the development of gender legislation adopted in Uzbekistan was made in 2019 by, inter alia:…[T]he Act amending and supplementing article 15 of the Family Code of 28 August 2019…"(4)(NF - CODER COMMENT - Under this legislation, one of both spouses can file for divorce. The divorce is finalized if the Court feels there is no possible reconciliation of the marriage. If filed in the civil registry office, grounds for divorce must be one of the following: missing spouse, has been declared incapacitated by the Courts due to mental illness, or imprisonment for more than 3 years). "Major steps have also been taken to eliminate outmoded national...more

Countries: Philippines
Variables: ATDW-PRACTICE-1, ATDW-PRACTICE-2, ATDW-LAW-3, ATDW-LAW-4, ATDW-LAW-5

"The law does not provide for divorce. Legal annulments and separation are possible, and courts generally recognized divorces obtained in other countries if one of the parties was a foreigner. These options, however, are costly, complex, and not readily available to the poor. The Office of the Solicitor General is required to oppose requests for annulment under the constitution. Informal separation is common but brings with it potential legal and financial problems. Muslims have the right to divorce under Muslim family law" (28).

Countries: Lebanon
Variables: ATDW-LAW-3

"While restrictions on the termination of marriage extend equally to both men and women, there are instances which allow men more grounds for divorce or annulment than women such as under the Orthodox church, a man can be granted a divorce if he discovers his wife is not a virgin after they marry" (68).

Countries: Afghanistan
Variables: ATDW-PRACTICE-2, ATDW-PRACTICE-3, ATDW-LAW-3, ATDW-DATA-1

"Infertility or childlessness in Afghan society is considered a taboo and almost always women are blamed for it. In fact, often people only take the woman to the doctor when problems with infertility arise. Sometimes, men marry a second or third wife to get children, without checking their own health, because it is assumed that the problem must be with the woman"(para 6)."In Afghanistan, when a man has reproductive system issues, the family will do anything to sweep the story under the rug. But, when a woman can’t conceive, the story is discussed everywhere, in her presence and absence. Moreover, the husband gets all the sympathy from the family members...more

Countries: India
Variables: ATDW-LAW-3

“Most of the 170 million Muslims in India are Sunnis governed by Muslim Personal Law for family matters and disputes. Those laws include allowing men to divorce their wives by simply uttering the word ‘talaq,’ or divorce in Urdu, three times — and not necessarily consecutively, but at any time, and by any medium including telephone, text message or social media post” (para 6). According to this law, Muslim men can divorce their wives for any reason, including infertility (MM - CODER COMMENT)

Countries: Slovakia
Variables: ATDW-LAW-3, ATDW-LAW-4

"A court may dissolve a marriage in response to a petition by one of the spouses, provided relations between the spouses are so seriously and permanently impaired that the marriage can no longer serve its purpose and the spouses cannot be expected to resume marital cohabitation" (para 2)

Countries: Serbia
Variables: ATDW-LAW-3

"Other changes [made by the new family code] included the decriminalization of adultery and a streamlining of divorce, which is now accepted under one of two conditions: either a divorce by mutual consent of both spouses, or a divorce resulting from the breakdown of the marriage" (1086)

Countries: Slovenia
Variables: ATDW-LAW-3

"Spouses are not required to specify their reasons for divorce; they need only state that the marriage has become unsustainable for one of them. The marriage can be dissolved in two ways: by mutual consent or through litigation" (1112)

Countries: Senegal
Variables: ATDW-LAW-3

"In a judicial divorce, there are two possibilities: divorce by mutual agreement and a contested divorce. In the latter case, the judge will listen to the couple’s arguments and make a decision. Grounds for divorce include absence, adultery, criminal activity, abandonment, mistreatment, sterility, incurable illness, incompatibility, and the husband’s inability to support his wife" (1078)

Countries: Senegal
Variables: ATDW-LAW-3

"The most frequent cause of divorce is repudiation, even though it has been outlawed since the 1970s. According to Islamic tradition, the husband declares in front of witnesses that he repudiates his wife, declaring her divorced. No reason need be given. A wife, on the other hand, may be granted a divorce if her husband has abandoned the household (or is imprisoned) or if he is sick or impotent. In such cases, reimbursement of the dowry is not required. Other grounds for a wife to divorce her husband, requiring a dowry reimbursement, are insufficient financial support, an absence of a dowry payment, incompatibility, and an absence of sexual relations" (1078)more

Countries: Portugal
Variables: ATDW-LAW-3

"Subjective grounds are the following: a culpable violation of matrimonial duties jeopardising, by its gravity or repetition, the possibility of matrimonial life...Article 1672 (Portuguese Civil Code) refers to the duties which are incumbent upon both spouses ; duties of respect, fidelity, cohabitation, co-operation and assistance" (4)

Countries: Pakistan
Variables: ATDW-PRACTICE-2, ATDW-PRACTICE-3, ATDW-LAW-3, ATDW-LAW-4, ATDW-LAW-5

"Historically, divorce has been considered the prerogative of men, who according to some interpretations of Islamic law have the unilateral right to divorce women. Men’s ability to divorce women with or without reason has served to maintain male dominance within marriages. The patriarchal divorce laws in Pakistan, however, have been reformed over time. Women now have the ability to initiate divorce and secure it within six months. However, a lack of awareness about divorce laws, particularly among women in the rural areas, remains a major obstacle. This along with other factors, such as widespread stigmatization of divorce, women’s economic dependence on their husbands, and limited access to legal institutions, has...more

Countries: Venezuela
Variables: ATDW-LAW-3

"Chapter XII On the dissolution of marriage and separation Section I On divorce Art.185 The following are grounds for divorce 1) Adultery 2) Voluntary abandonment 3) Excesses, extreme cruelty and/or grave offenses that make conjugal life impossible 4) The intention of one of the spouses to corrupt or prostitute the other spouse or the children or the tolerance of their corruption or prostitution. 5) A jail sentence 6) Alcohol addiction and other forms of dependence on pharmaceuticals that make conjugal life unbearable. 7) Interdiction due to grave psychiatric problems that make conjugal life impossible." Infertility is not explicitly cited as grounds for divorce; this was translated from Spanish to English...more

Countries: Uruguay
Variables: ATDW-LAW-3

“Section I Legal separation Art.148 A legal separation can only take place: 1) Because either one of the spouses was adulterous 2) Because of a condemned attempt against the life of the other spouse 3) Because of deep offenses against each other. The judge will determine what is considered a deep offense according to the degree of education and condition of the offended spouse. 4) Because the husbands proposes to prostitute his wife 5) Because either spouse intends to prostitute the children. 6) When there are constant and continuous fights between the spouses that make conjugal life unbearable. 7) If one spouse is sentenced to over 10 years in prison....more