Countries: Afghanistan
Variables: ERBG-LAW-1, AFE-LAW-1, ASR-LAW-1

"A deluge of regime diktats has barred women from leaving home without a male relative, working, going to school or training as doctors and nurses" (para 8).

Countries: Indonesia
Variables: AFE-LAW-1

"These acts are clearly discriminatory and contrary to Article (28C subart. 1), 31 of the 1945 Constitution which guarantees the right to education for every citizen" (12-13).

Countries: China
Variables: AFE-LAW-1

"The amendment to the Law on the Protection of Rights and Interests of Women, which covers women’s political rights, rights in relation...to culture and education... and also provides for remedies and corrective measures and on legal responsibility, including penal provisions, in October 2022" (Page 2).

Countries: Niger
Variables: AFE-LAW-1

"Measures have been taken to promote girls' education such as Decree No. 935-2017 of December 2017 on the protection, support and assistance for girls attending school, which promotes the retention of girls in school until the age of 16. However, this decree only includes commitments by the State to improve the quality of education, which has not reassured human rights organisations about the fight against early marriage of girls, nor even increased the rate of girls' education. The implementing order for the decree was only adopted in February 2019 after much advocacy from civil society organisations such as ours" (1). "To remedy this, in December 2017 the government adopted Decree...more

Countries: Afghanistan
Variables: RCDW-LAW-1, AFE-LAW-1, SRACE-PRACTICE-1, SRACE-PRACTICE-2

"Since seizing power in August 2021, the Taliban government has barred girls and women from high schools and universities, banned them from parks, funfairs and gyms, and ordered them to cover up in public" (par. 6).

Countries: Morocco
Variables: AFE-LAW-1

"Education is compulsory through age 15" (22).

Countries: Mauritania
Variables: AFE-LAW-1

"Families told Human Rights Watch that some schools have rejected pupils who lack civil registration, even though school attendance is compulsory from ages 6 to 14" (6).

Countries: Chile
Variables: AFE-LAW-1

"Deaf children are entitled to special schools for primary education (primary and middle school)" (5).

Countries: Afghanistan
Variables: AFE-LAW-1

"In just over three years, Afghan women have been banned from nearly every aspect of public life: schools, universities, most workplaces – even parks and bathhouses" (para 3). "For many, the Taliban’s refusal to allow girls to attend secondary education has been the hardest blow" (para 6).

Countries: Kyrgyzstan
Variables: AFE-LAW-1, ASR-LAW-1

"According to the norms of the Education Act, all citizens of the Republic have equal rights to receive free basic, general secondary and higher professional education. Kyrgyz legislation stipulates the same conditions for the choice of a profession or specialization by men and women, as well as access to education in educational institutions of all categories" (22).

Countries: Japan
Variables: MISA-PRACTICE-1, AFE-LAW-1

"For some women, the sex industry has become an economic safety net in the absence of sufficient social support and quality employment opportunities. Two years ago, a young woman I interviewed recounted how an abusive home environment and financial hardship led her to one such job to fund her college education. Although she obtained a degree, she struggled with mental health issues resulting from her work — a by no means uncommon experience" (par. 17).

Countries: Afghanistan
Variables: AFE-LAW-1

"Women and girls have been increasingly confined to their homes since the Taliban takeover in 2021. They are barred from education beyond sixth grade, including university" (para 7).

Countries: Afghanistan
Variables: ERBG-LAW-1, AFE-LAW-1

"UN officials and human rights activists have raised the alarm about the sharp increase in the number of women attempting to take their own lives. They have explicitly linked it to Taliban restrictions on every aspect of women’s existence, from a ban on education above elementary level and a prohibition on most work, to a bar on entering parks, bathhouses and other public spaces" (para 6).

Countries: Iraq
Variables: AFE-LAW-1

"[A]rticle 34 of the Iraqi constitution... stipulates that primary education should be free and obligatory for all children" (para 11). "The fall of Saddam Hussein in 2003 didn’t mean that existing laws changed overnight. This includes a penal code from 1969 that enables parents and teachers to 'discipline children'. The education ministry has stipulated that the veil should not be compulsory in schools. However, the 2005 Iraqi constitution states that Islam is the official state religion and should be the 'foundation source' of legislation" (para 13-14). The ability of parents and teachers to discipline children and the frequence with which they are required to wear veils may, through legal means,...more

Countries: Belize
Variables: AFE-LAW-1

"In 2011, Belize revised the Education and Training Act. This is the main legislation governing operations of schools in Belize. The revised document reaffirms that no person shall be refused admission to any school because of religion, race, ethnicity, language or political affiliation and further states that schools should be free of gender bias (except non-coeducational schools)...It restated compulsory attendance for children aged 6–14 as well as fines for parents found in contravention of the law. Monitoring and enforcement efforts ensures that boys and girls attend school" (29-30).