Countries: Turkmenistan
Variables: LO-LAW-1

"Property (immovable and movable), acquired by spouses during marriage, regardless of which of the spouses purchased it, is their common joint property. Spouses have equal rights to own, use and dispose of the joint property. Spouses have equal rights to joint property even when one of them was engaged in housekeeping (domestic work), childcare or other activities for valid reasons did not have an independent income" (1).

Countries: Turkmenistan
Variables: TRAFF-DATA-1

According to the U.S. State Department's 2023 TIP report, Turkmenistan ranks as a Tier 3 country (85).

Countries: Turkmenistan
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-2

"We often carry out сovert operations, detain and deport females to the home country. However, some time later many of them, with new passports and new names, often illegally, get into Turkey again and get back to their 'work', – the officer said" (para 7).

Countries: Turkmenistan
Variables: IRP-LAW-4

"Is there mandatory registration? No" (para 4). Is sex work recognised as work? No" (para 5). Is sex work decriminalised with limited regulation? No" (para 6).

Countries: Turkmenistan
Variables: DV-DATA-1

According to 2023 data from the OECD, the percentage of women in Turkmenistan who have experienced physical and/or sexual violence from an intimate partner at some time in their life is 12% (KMM-CODER COMMENT).

Countries: Austria, Belgium, Croatia, Denmark, Estonia, Ireland, Italy, Slovakia, Slovenia, Sweden, Turkmenistan
Variables: MMR-SCALE-1

5

Countries: Afghanistan, Albania, Angola, Argentina, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Bahamas, Belgium, Belize, Bhutan, Bolivia, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burma/Myanmar, Burundi, Cambodia, Canada, Cape Verde, Central African Rep, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Costa Rica, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, D R Congo, Djibouti, Dominican Republic, East Timor, Ecuador, Egypt, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Guatemala, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kosovo, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Lebanon, Lesotho, Libya, Luxembourg, Macedonia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Malta, Mauritius, Montenegro, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nicaragua, North Korea, Oman, Pakistan, Palestine, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Rwanda, Senegal, Serbia, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Somalia, South Africa, South Korea, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Taiwan, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Trinidad/Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, United States, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Yemen, Zambia, Zimbabwe
Variables: DACH-SCALE-2

1more

Countries: Turkmenistan
Variables: MMR-DATA-1

According to a 2023 report on global trends in maternal mortality from 2000-2020 published by the WHO, UNICEF, UNFPA, World Bank Group, and UNDESA/Population Division, in 2020 the maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births) in Turkmenistan was 5 (KMM-CODER COMMENT).

Countries: Turkmenistan
Variables: DACH-DATA-1

According to the World Bank, as of 2021, life expectancy in Turkmenistan is 73 years for women and 66 years for men (KMM-CODER COMMENT).

Countries: Algeria, Bangladesh, Belize, Bolivia, Botswana, Burma/Myanmar, Cambodia, Cape Verde, Djibouti, Dominican Republic, East Timor, Ecuador, Egypt, Fiji, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, India, Indonesia, Israel, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Libya, Mongolia, Morocco, Nepal, Nicaragua, Oman, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, Suriname, Swaziland, Syria, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan
Variables: BR-SCALE-1

1

Countries: Turkmenistan
Variables: NGOFW-PRACTICE-1

"[F]ounder and editor of Saglyk.org, the only website with credible public health information in the Turkmen language, my colleagues and I have been calling for nuanced and informed conversations by educating the public and advocating for science-based best practices in public health in Turkmenistan" (para.4). "Saglyk has created a safe space to anonymously share stories of domestic violence, abuse and harassment. Our Bilim app helps women and girls track their periods and learn about their health and rights (Bilim means both period and knowledge). " (para.15).

Countries: Turkmenistan
Variables: ABO-LAW-1

"The restrictive law on abortion in Turkmenistan undermines the rights, dignity and health of half the population, denying them access to essential reproductive healthcare. In 2015, the government passed a law restricting abortion to only up to five weeks. Before 2015, women in Turkmenistan were allowed to access abortion care up to 12 weeks" (para.12).

Countries: Turkmenistan
Variables: DACH-PRACTICE-1

"Saglyk’s comprehensive content on sexual and reproductive health is our most read. There is a great demand for this information, especially among women and girls. Turkmen schools don’t teach it. Families don’t discuss it. The media does not publish stories about it. The public space to discuss this basic aspect of being human is nonexistent" (para.5). "Government agencies sustain this confusion by not providing science-based information to the public and failing to provide any public health data. This leads to women and girls in Turkmenistan having poor health outcomes. It also strips them of their agency." (para.6). "Patriarchal culture, harmful traditions, government inaction and absence of public education and communication...more

Countries: Turkmenistan
Variables: DV-PRACTICE-2

"The first national report on domestic violence against women, published by UNFPA in August 2022, found that 58% of women aged 15-49 believe that violating the restrictions and obligations imposed by a spouse is sufficient reason for a husband to beat his wife. The most common form of spousal control is preventing women from leaving the house without permission. The second most common is banning women from working or studying outside the home. According to the study, 41% of women have encountered at least one type of controlling behaviour from their husband or partner in their lives." (para.9). "Patriarchal culture, harmful traditions, government inaction and absence of public education and...more

Countries: Turkmenistan
Variables: DMW-PRACTICE-1

"In Turkmenistan, nearly 60% of women cannot make independent decisions on fundamental issues such as healthcare, contraception and consenting to sex. The government promotes the pro-natalist messages of eight-child families, reinforcing the idea of women’s primary role as subservient wives and mothers." (para.8).