Latest items for Syria
Nov. 5, 2025, 7:57 a.m.
Countries: Syria
Variables: RCDW-LAW-1
"Syria issued a conservative new dress code Tuesday requiring women to wear burkinis or full-body swimwear on all public beaches, the latest cultural shift since Islamist-led rebels toppled dictator Bashar al-Assad’s regime last December" (para1). "'Visitors to public beaches and pools [in Syria], whether tourists or locals, are required to wear appropriate swimwear that takes into account public taste and the sensibilities of various segments of society,' Tourism Minister Mazen al-Salhani said in a directive posted to Facebook. 'More modest swimwear is required at public beaches and pools (burkinis or swimsuits that cover more of the body),' said the directive, adding, 'When moving between the beach and other places, it...more
Variables: RCDW-LAW-1
"Syria issued a conservative new dress code Tuesday requiring women to wear burkinis or full-body swimwear on all public beaches, the latest cultural shift since Islamist-led rebels toppled dictator Bashar al-Assad’s regime last December" (para1). "'Visitors to public beaches and pools [in Syria], whether tourists or locals, are required to wear appropriate swimwear that takes into account public taste and the sensibilities of various segments of society,' Tourism Minister Mazen al-Salhani said in a directive posted to Facebook. 'More modest swimwear is required at public beaches and pools (burkinis or swimsuits that cover more of the body),' said the directive, adding, 'When moving between the beach and other places, it...more
Nov. 5, 2025, 7:57 a.m.
Countries: Syria
Variables: NGOFW-DATA-1
"The US-based Human Rights Watch said in March that Al-Sharaa’s 'broad authority raises serious concerns about the durability of the rule of law and human rights protections unless clear safeguards are put in place'" (para 12). This information indicates the presence of an NGO that investigates and reports human rights abuse against Syrian women (MR-CODER COMMENT).
Variables: NGOFW-DATA-1
"The US-based Human Rights Watch said in March that Al-Sharaa’s 'broad authority raises serious concerns about the durability of the rule of law and human rights protections unless clear safeguards are put in place'" (para 12). This information indicates the presence of an NGO that investigates and reports human rights abuse against Syrian women (MR-CODER COMMENT).
Nov. 3, 2025, 1:49 p.m.
Countries: Syria
Variables: ABO-LAW-1
The Center for Reproductive Rights states that Syria's laws permit abortion to save the life of the mother. Parental authorization/notification required. Spousal authorization required.
Variables: ABO-LAW-1
The Center for Reproductive Rights states that Syria's laws permit abortion to save the life of the mother. Parental authorization/notification required. Spousal authorization required.
Nov. 1, 2025, 11 p.m.
Countries: Syria
Variables: ABO-LAW-1
"Syrian law allows abortion only to save a woman’s life making abortion in all other circumstances illegal" (para 39).
Variables: ABO-LAW-1
"Syrian law allows abortion only to save a woman’s life making abortion in all other circumstances illegal" (para 39).
Sept. 4, 2025, 12:23 p.m.
Countries: Algeria, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Bhutan, Bolivia, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cambodia, Canada, Cape Verde, Chile, Colombia, Comoros, Costa Rica, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominican Republic, East Timor, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Estonia, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, Gambia, Georgia, Ghana, Greece, Guatemala, Guyana, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kosovo, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Macedonia, Madagascar, Malaysia, Maldives, Malta, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Moldova, Mongolia, Montenegro, Morocco, Namibia, Nepal, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Nigeria, Norway, Oman, Palestine, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Serbia, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, South Africa, South Korea, Spain, Sri Lanka, Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Trinidad/Tobago, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Ukraine, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, United States, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, Zambia, Zimbabwe
Variables: AFE-SCALE-1
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Variables: AFE-SCALE-1
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June 24, 2025, 9:07 a.m.
Countries: Syria
Variables: AFE-DATA-1
The gender parity index (GPI) for gross secondary school enrollment (i.e. the ratio of gross enrollment of girls to gross enrollment of boys at the secondary level) is 1.14. This number was found by using the World Bank's data for secondary school gross enrollment for girls and boys. As of 2023, the gross enrollment rate for females is 41% while the gross enrollment rate for males is 36%. (CEC2 - CODER COMMENT).
Variables: AFE-DATA-1
The gender parity index (GPI) for gross secondary school enrollment (i.e. the ratio of gross enrollment of girls to gross enrollment of boys at the secondary level) is 1.14. This number was found by using the World Bank's data for secondary school gross enrollment for girls and boys. As of 2023, the gross enrollment rate for females is 41% while the gross enrollment rate for males is 36%. (CEC2 - CODER COMMENT).
Dec. 31, 2024, 4:46 p.m.
Countries: Belarus, Botswana, Burma/Myanmar, Djibouti, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Kuwait, Libya, Montenegro, Palestine, Papua New Guinea, Russia, Syria, Turkmenistan
Variables: IRP-SCALE-1
10
Variables: IRP-SCALE-1
10
Dec. 4, 2024, 4:38 p.m.
Countries: Syria
Variables: PW-LAW-1
"Legal (except for Kurdistan)" (para 18).
Variables: PW-LAW-1
"Legal (except for Kurdistan)" (para 18).
Aug. 10, 2024, 2:57 a.m.
Countries: Benin, Cameroon, Central African Rep, Cote D'Ivoire, Gabon, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Indonesia, Kenya, Lesotho, Liberia, Malawi, Niger, Sierra Leone, Solomon Islands, Syria, Tanzania, United Arab Emirates, Yemen
Variables: MULTIVAR-SCALE-6
13.0
Variables: MULTIVAR-SCALE-6
13.0
July 13, 2024, 11:33 a.m.
Countries: Syria
Variables: IRP-LAW-1
"The practice of “summer marriages” or Mut’ah (temporary marriages not registered in court) also occurs in Syria among Shi’a Muslims." (CODER COMMENT-ERD: Temporary marriages are recognized by scholars as a form of prostitution.)
Variables: IRP-LAW-1
"The practice of “summer marriages” or Mut’ah (temporary marriages not registered in court) also occurs in Syria among Shi’a Muslims." (CODER COMMENT-ERD: Temporary marriages are recognized by scholars as a form of prostitution.)
May 2, 2024, 1:09 p.m.
Countries: Syria
Variables: DV-DATA-1
"We recruited 507 Syrian refugee women for the project Advancing Solutions in Policy, Implementation, Research and Engagement for Refugees (ASPIRE) study using time and venue-based random sampling from health clinics in Jordan in 2018... In this paper we focused on women who were married prior to the Syrian civil war (N=313)" (para 2). " Nearly two-fifths of women (38.7%) reported experiencing IPV in the past 12 months" (para 3).
Variables: DV-DATA-1
"We recruited 507 Syrian refugee women for the project Advancing Solutions in Policy, Implementation, Research and Engagement for Refugees (ASPIRE) study using time and venue-based random sampling from health clinics in Jordan in 2018... In this paper we focused on women who were married prior to the Syrian civil war (N=313)" (para 2). " Nearly two-fifths of women (38.7%) reported experiencing IPV in the past 12 months" (para 3).
March 31, 2024, 3:14 p.m.
Countries: Afghanistan, Algeria, Belarus, Bolivia, Botswana, Brunei, Bulgaria, Congo, Dominican Republic, Egypt, El Salvador, Gabon, Guinea-Bissau, Haiti, Iraq, Kuwait, Lebanon, Madagascar, Malaysia, Mauritius, Montenegro, Mozambique, Serbia, Solomon Islands, South Africa, Swaziland, Syria, Trinidad/Tobago, Vanuatu, Vietnam
Variables: TRAFF-SCALE-1
3.0
Variables: TRAFF-SCALE-1
3.0
March 30, 2024, 10:05 p.m.
Countries: Syria
Variables: TRAFF-DATA-1
According to the U.S. State Department's 2023 TIP report, Syria ranks as a Tier 3 country (85).
Variables: TRAFF-DATA-1
According to the U.S. State Department's 2023 TIP report, Syria ranks as a Tier 3 country (85).
March 22, 2024, 12:08 p.m.
Countries: Syria
Variables: IAD-LAW-1
"Male heirs receive double the share of inheritance as female heirs, though only when they have an equal degree of kinship, such as brothers and sisters. However, this rule does not apply in other cases. Women may indeed inherit more than men in a number of cases, such as when a woman dies and leaves behind a husband, two parents and two daughters. In this case, her daughters receive two thirds of the inheritance, her husband one fourth and each of her parents one sixth. If the deceased woman had only one daughter, then the daughter would receive half the inheritance. And in some cases, women may inherit while men...more
Variables: IAD-LAW-1
"Male heirs receive double the share of inheritance as female heirs, though only when they have an equal degree of kinship, such as brothers and sisters. However, this rule does not apply in other cases. Women may indeed inherit more than men in a number of cases, such as when a woman dies and leaves behind a husband, two parents and two daughters. In this case, her daughters receive two thirds of the inheritance, her husband one fourth and each of her parents one sixth. If the deceased woman had only one daughter, then the daughter would receive half the inheritance. And in some cases, women may inherit while men...more
March 22, 2024, 12:04 p.m.
Countries: Syria
Variables: IAD-LAW-1
"Among the differences between Personal Status Law No. 59 of 1953 and the personal status laws upheld by Syria’s various sects is the mechanism for determining the amount of inheritance each inheritor is entitled to receive. All of the special sect-related laws adhere to the rule of equal inheritance between female and male heirs, while Law No. 59 uses the principle of “double inheritance” – that is, male heirs receive double the inheritance of female heirs who share the same degree of kinship, such as brothers and sisters" (para 6).
Variables: IAD-LAW-1
"Among the differences between Personal Status Law No. 59 of 1953 and the personal status laws upheld by Syria’s various sects is the mechanism for determining the amount of inheritance each inheritor is entitled to receive. All of the special sect-related laws adhere to the rule of equal inheritance between female and male heirs, while Law No. 59 uses the principle of “double inheritance” – that is, male heirs receive double the inheritance of female heirs who share the same degree of kinship, such as brothers and sisters" (para 6).
March 16, 2024, 1:06 a.m.
Countries: Syria
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-5
"In recent years, the regime has turned a blind eye to what became known as 'sex tourism'" (para 3). "However, Syrian lawyers believe there is a loophole in the law that allows engaging in prostitution in their own home as long as there is no complaint from neighbours. The police cannot break into a house or ask about the presence of a male and a female in one house without a marriage contract just because of suspicion" (para 38).
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-5
"In recent years, the regime has turned a blind eye to what became known as 'sex tourism'" (para 3). "However, Syrian lawyers believe there is a loophole in the law that allows engaging in prostitution in their own home as long as there is no complaint from neighbours. The police cannot break into a house or ask about the presence of a male and a female in one house without a marriage contract just because of suspicion" (para 38).
March 16, 2024, 1:06 a.m.
Countries: Syria
Variables: IRP-DATA-2
"A source in the Syrian Ministry of Justice told Asia News Agency that prostitution rings have increased by 60 per cent, especially in Damascus and its countryside" (para 4). “There are no accurate statistics about prostitution in Syria since it is criminalised by law. Furthermore, the regime obscures them since those closely associated with it promote most of the rings. Let alone, some do not even need rings" (para 8).
Variables: IRP-DATA-2
"A source in the Syrian Ministry of Justice told Asia News Agency that prostitution rings have increased by 60 per cent, especially in Damascus and its countryside" (para 4). “There are no accurate statistics about prostitution in Syria since it is criminalised by law. Furthermore, the regime obscures them since those closely associated with it promote most of the rings. Let alone, some do not even need rings" (para 8).
March 16, 2024, 1:06 a.m.
Countries: Syria
Variables: IRP-LAW-1
"Article 5 of the law states, 'Anyone who brings a person into the Syrian Arab Republic or facilitates his entry to commit immorality or prostitution shall be punished by imprisonment for no less than one year and not more than five years and a fine of 1,000 to 5,000 Syrian pounds'" (para 34). "Article 6 stated that 'whoever helps a female engage in prostitution, even with a financial agreement, shall be punished by imprisonment for no less than six months and not more than three years. Article 8 stipulates that whoever opens a place for debauchery or prostitution or aids someone with it shall be punished by imprisonment for no...more
Variables: IRP-LAW-1
"Article 5 of the law states, 'Anyone who brings a person into the Syrian Arab Republic or facilitates his entry to commit immorality or prostitution shall be punished by imprisonment for no less than one year and not more than five years and a fine of 1,000 to 5,000 Syrian pounds'" (para 34). "Article 6 stated that 'whoever helps a female engage in prostitution, even with a financial agreement, shall be punished by imprisonment for no less than six months and not more than three years. Article 8 stipulates that whoever opens a place for debauchery or prostitution or aids someone with it shall be punished by imprisonment for no...more
March 16, 2024, 1:06 a.m.
Countries: Syria
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1
"According to Omar, the militias were not satisfied with institutionalising Nikah al-Muta’a (wedlease) and cohabitation. After taking control of the governorate in 2017, so they went on and formed more than 140 prostitution rings in wealthy neighbourhoods such as Nile Streets, Mokambo, Shuhada and Aziziyah" (para 18).
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1
"According to Omar, the militias were not satisfied with institutionalising Nikah al-Muta’a (wedlease) and cohabitation. After taking control of the governorate in 2017, so they went on and formed more than 140 prostitution rings in wealthy neighbourhoods such as Nile Streets, Mokambo, Shuhada and Aziziyah" (para 18).
March 16, 2024, 1:04 a.m.
Countries: Syria
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-5
"What other laws are used disproportionately against sex workers? Adultery laws can be used to criminalise sex workers" (para 4).
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-5
"What other laws are used disproportionately against sex workers? Adultery laws can be used to criminalise sex workers" (para 4).
March 16, 2024, 1:04 a.m.
Countries: Syria
Variables: IRP-LAW-6
"Is there mandatory HIV/STI testing? No" (para 5).
Variables: IRP-LAW-6
"Is there mandatory HIV/STI testing? No" (para 5).
March 16, 2024, 1:04 a.m.
Countries: Syria
Variables: IRP-LAW-4
"Is there mandatory registration? No" (para 6). "If sex work is regulated, is it in line with other work, or are the regulations unfair or overly restrictive? No" (para 7). "Is sex work recognised as work? No" (para 9). "Is sex work decriminalised with limited regulation? No" (pra 10).
Variables: IRP-LAW-4
"Is there mandatory registration? No" (para 6). "If sex work is regulated, is it in line with other work, or are the regulations unfair or overly restrictive? No" (para 7). "Is sex work recognised as work? No" (para 9). "Is sex work decriminalised with limited regulation? No" (pra 10).
March 16, 2024, 1:04 a.m.
Countries: Syria
Variables: IRP-LAW-1
"Is selling sex criminalised? Yes it is an offence for a woman to engage in prostitution in order to earn a living. The Syrian Penal Code also criminalises adultery and extra-marital sex. Also a person who habitually works or resides in premises used for prostitution commits an offence under the Law on Suppression of Prostitution" (para 1). "Is buying sex criminalised? Buying sex is not specficially criminalised but laws against adultery and extra-marital sex could be used to criminalise buyers" (para 2). "Is organising/managing criminalised? It is an offence under the Law on Suppression of Prostitution to incite, employ, entice or lure a person to commit debauchery or psotitution. It...more
Variables: IRP-LAW-1
"Is selling sex criminalised? Yes it is an offence for a woman to engage in prostitution in order to earn a living. The Syrian Penal Code also criminalises adultery and extra-marital sex. Also a person who habitually works or resides in premises used for prostitution commits an offence under the Law on Suppression of Prostitution" (para 1). "Is buying sex criminalised? Buying sex is not specficially criminalised but laws against adultery and extra-marital sex could be used to criminalise buyers" (para 2). "Is organising/managing criminalised? It is an offence under the Law on Suppression of Prostitution to incite, employ, entice or lure a person to commit debauchery or psotitution. It...more
Jan. 24, 2024, 3:24 p.m.
Countries: Armenia, Bahrain, Canada, Chile, China, Costa Rica, Egypt, Georgia, Hungary, Iran, Kazakhstan, Lebanon, Malaysia, Moldova, Oman, Palestine, Portugal, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Sri Lanka, Syria, Taiwan, Tajikistan, Thailand, Trinidad/Tobago, Turkey, Ukraine, United States, Uruguay, Uzbekistan
Variables: MMR-SCALE-2
1
Variables: MMR-SCALE-2
1
Jan. 24, 2024, 3:19 p.m.
Countries: Syria, Uzbekistan
Variables: MMR-SCALE-1
30
Variables: MMR-SCALE-1
30
Jan. 24, 2024, 3:15 p.m.
Countries: Afghanistan, Algeria, Bangladesh, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Comoros, Djibouti, Egypt, Fiji, Gabon, Guatemala, Guyana, India, Iran, Iraq, Jordan, Kosovo, Lebanon, Libya, Mauritania, Moldova, Morocco, Nepal, Oman, Pakistan, Palestine, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Somalia, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Syria, Tajikistan, Tunisia, Turkey, Yemen
Variables: ERBG-SCALE-1
2
Variables: ERBG-SCALE-1
2
Jan. 24, 2024, 3:06 p.m.
Countries: Afghanistan, Albania, Angola, Argentina, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Bahamas, Belgium, Belize, Bhutan, Bolivia, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burma/Myanmar, Burundi, Cambodia, Canada, Cape Verde, Central African Rep, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Costa Rica, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, D R Congo, Djibouti, Dominican Republic, East Timor, Ecuador, Egypt, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Guatemala, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kosovo, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Lebanon, Lesotho, Libya, Luxembourg, Macedonia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Malta, Mauritius, Montenegro, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nicaragua, North Korea, Oman, Pakistan, Palestine, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Rwanda, Senegal, Serbia, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Somalia, South Africa, South Korea, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Taiwan, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Trinidad/Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, United States, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Yemen, Zambia, Zimbabwe
Variables: DACH-SCALE-2
1more
Variables: DACH-SCALE-2
1more
Jan. 24, 2024, 3:03 p.m.
Countries: Algeria, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bahamas, Bangladesh, Belarus, Belize, Bhutan, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria, Cambodia, Cape Verde, Colombia, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Georgia, Guatemala, Honduras, Hungary, Iran, Iraq, Jamaica, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lebanon, Libya, Macedonia, Malaysia, Mauritius, Mexico, Moldova, Mongolia, Montenegro, Morocco, Nicaragua, North Korea, Oman, Palestine, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Romania, Russia, Serbia, Slovakia, Solomon Islands, Suriname, Syria, Tajikistan, Trinidad/Tobago, Tunisia, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam
Variables: DACH-SCALE-1
1
Variables: DACH-SCALE-1
1
Jan. 21, 2024, 11:10 a.m.
Countries: Syria
Variables: MMR-DATA-1
According to a 2023 report on global trends in maternal mortality from 2000-2020 published by the WHO, UNICEF, UNFPA, World Bank Group, and UNDESA/Population Division, in 2020 the maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births) in Syria was 30 (KMM-CODER COMMENT).
Variables: MMR-DATA-1
According to a 2023 report on global trends in maternal mortality from 2000-2020 published by the WHO, UNICEF, UNFPA, World Bank Group, and UNDESA/Population Division, in 2020 the maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births) in Syria was 30 (KMM-CODER COMMENT).
Jan. 20, 2024, 1:37 p.m.
Countries: Syria
Variables: ERBG-DATA-2
According to 2023 World Bank Gender Data collected from the most recent ILO modeled estimates from 2020 onwards, the female laborforce participation rate (as a percentage of the female population ages 15+) in Syria is 16.8% (KMM-CODER COMMENT).
Variables: ERBG-DATA-2
According to 2023 World Bank Gender Data collected from the most recent ILO modeled estimates from 2020 onwards, the female laborforce participation rate (as a percentage of the female population ages 15+) in Syria is 16.8% (KMM-CODER COMMENT).