Countries: Philippines
Variables: TRAFF-PRACTICE-2

"It seems that every family in the Philippines has a story about trafficking and enslavement. Maricris [Filipina domestic worker], who I [the reporter] met in Manila in 2022, grew up the child of street vendors, and in 2018 answered a Facebook advertisement for domestic workers in Vietnam. She had no passport, but she and the other women recruited were instructed to queue at a particular booth when they went through border control at Manila airport. They were waved through. On arrival in Hanoi, she was told that there was no domestic job. Instead, the women were taken by armed guards across the Chinese border to a hotel in Guangzhou. The...more

Countries: Philippines
Variables: LDS-PRACTICE-1

"In government propaganda, overseas workers are called 'modern day heroes'. In his state of the union address in July, the president, Ferdinand Marcos Junior – the son of the dictator – attributed the country’s fast-growing economy to the 'steady flow of remittances' from overseas Filipino workers (known as OFWs). He acknowledged a healthcare worker shortage, caused in part by qualified people moving overseas – including to positions in the NHS [National Health Service of the United Kingdom]. He promised more training programmes. While saying his 'wish' was for overseas employment to be a choice, rather than a necessity, he added: 'It remains a noble calling that our OFWs have answered,...more

Countries: Philippines
Variables: LDS-DATA-1, CWC-DATA-4

"The Philippine government has a deliberate policy of using its people as an export commodity. Filipinos make up about 25% of the world’s seafaring staff. They are nurses, hospitality workers and labourers. But, overwhelmingly, they are women in unskilled occupations, especially care work" (para 15). "...Today, about 11% of the population – 1.83 million people – are working overseas at any one time. That means that almost every family has at least one absent member. Many, like Mary [the Filipino domestic worker], leave their children behind to be raised by others. The remittances they send home totalled more than $31bn in 2022" (para 16).

Countries: Angola, Bahrain, Iraq, Kuwait, Libya, Philippines, Russia, Serbia, Syria, Tajikistan, Thailand, Venezuela
Variables: LRW-LAW-4

"The report [by the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA)] reveals that in 20 countries or territories such as Angola, Bahrain, Iraq, Kuwait, Libya, Philippines, the Russian Federation, Serbia, Syria, Tajikistan, Thailand, and Venezuela the so-called 'marry-your-rapist' laws still continue" (para 10).

Countries: Algeria, Angola, Bahrain, Bolivia, Cameroon, Dominican Republic, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Kuwait, Libya, Palestine, Philippines, Russia, Serbia, Syria, Tajikistan, Thailand, Venezuela
Variables: LRW-LAW-4

"But 'marry-your-rapist' laws still exist in Algeria, Angola, Bahrain, Bolivia, Cameroon, Dominican Republic, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Gaza, Iraq, Kuwait, Libya, Philippines, Russia, Serbia, Syria, Tajikistan, Thailand, Tonga and Venezuela, according to NGO Equality Now" (para 13).

Countries: Algeria, Argentina, Burma/Myanmar, Cameroon, Central African Rep, Chad, Chile, Congo, D R Congo, Djibouti, Egypt, Equatorial Guinea, Gambia, Georgia, Ghana, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Haiti, Iran, Israel, Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritania, Morocco, Mozambique, Nepal, Niger, Pakistan, Palestine, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Qatar, Russia, Rwanda, Saudi Arabia, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Somalia, South Sudan, Sri Lanka, Syria, Taiwan, Tunisia, Uganda, United Arab Emirates, Vanuatu, Yemen
Variables: LO-SCALE-2

1

Countries: Afghanistan, China, Congo, Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Gabon, Haiti, Honduras, Madagascar, Nicaragua, North Korea, Palestine, Philippines, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Suriname
Variables: ABO-SCALE-1

4

Countries: Philippines
Variables: DV-DATA-1

According to Annex 10, "National prevalence estimates of lifetime and past-12-months physical and/or sexual intimate partner violence against women aged 15-49 years, 2023" the average lifetime point estimate % for Philippines in 2023 was 7.2%.

Countries: Philippines
Variables: ABO-LAW-1

"Abortion is illegal in the Philippines – a majority Catholic country and former American colony – and has been for over a century. Under the law, women found to have aborted their fetuses face prison terms of between two to six years. Doctors and nurses caught performing abortions or providing assistance are also subject to harsh punishment by the state" (para 3-4). "Lawyer Clara Rita Padilla, a spokeswoman for the Philippine Safe Abortion Advocacy Network (PINSAN), said that while there are “progressive interpretations” of the abortion law in the Philippines, there are no clear exemptions allowing for terminating pregnancies even in severe cases like rape and incest – or to...more

Countries: Algeria, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Bhutan, Bolivia, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cambodia, Canada, Cape Verde, Chile, Colombia, Comoros, Costa Rica, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominican Republic, East Timor, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Estonia, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, Gambia, Georgia, Ghana, Greece, Guatemala, Guyana, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kosovo, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Macedonia, Madagascar, Malaysia, Maldives, Malta, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Moldova, Mongolia, Montenegro, Morocco, Namibia, Nepal, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Nigeria, Norway, Oman, Palestine, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Serbia, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, South Africa, South Korea, Spain, Sri Lanka, Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Trinidad/Tobago, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Ukraine, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, United States, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, Zambia, Zimbabwe
Variables: AFE-SCALE-1

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Countries: Philippines
Variables: DV-DATA-1

"The promotional photo showed a mother affectionately hugging and kissing her daughter. The girl, around 8 years old, smiled into the camera. With a few swipes on their phones, men entered a livestream where they paid $150 to watch the mother sexually abuse the girl for 10 minutes. The horrendous activity wasn’t hidden on some dark corner of the internet. It was available for anyone with an iPhone or Android to download from the Apple or Google app store" (para 1-3). "The livestream apps downloaded from Apple and Google illustrate an even darker aspect of the social media technology boom, particularly for children living in poverty in developing countries. There,...more

Countries: Philippines
Variables: PRN-LAW-1

"The country’s top law enforcement official for such crimes, Brig. Gen. Portia B. Manalad of the Philippine National Police, said that she was aware of the apps, and that the agency had rescued more than 500 children and arrested more than 200 perpetrators — mostly relatives, 'usually the mother' — over the last five years" (para 24).

Countries: Philippines
Variables: LRCM-DATA-2

"A Florida man, Christopher John Streeter, has been serving life in prison since 2021 after sending roughly $130,000 over a decade to people in the Philippines to direct the rape of children as young as 12. He paid a premium if the video depicted girls losing their virginity or suffering injuries because of the sexual violence. Court records show Mr. Streeter’s victims were particularly vulnerable 'due to poverty and illness.' As a result of that case, six abused girls were rescued by local authorities in conjunction with officers from Homeland Security Investigations" (para 28-30).

Countries: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bahamas, Barbados, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Burkina Faso, Comoros, Croatia, Georgia, Guinea, Guyana, Jamaica, Jordan, Kosovo, Macedonia, Mauritania, Moldova, Mongolia, Philippines, Romania, Sudan, Thailand, Uganda, Ukraine, Uzbekistan
Variables: IRP-SCALE-1

9

Countries: Philippines
Variables: ATDW-PRACTICE-3

"Partly because of their growing numbers and plight, attitudes in the country, where nearly 80 percent of the population is Catholic, have changed. Surveys show that half of Filipinos now support divorce. Even the president has signaled openness to the idea, and the Philippines is the closest it has ever been to legalizing divorce. But the issue is far from settled. The powerful Catholic Church has deemed pro-divorce activism to be 'irrational advocacy.' Conservative lawmakers remain steadfast in their opposition" (para 3-4). "Some supporters of the legislation have advised against using the word 'divorce' to describe it, saying the term has become politicized. Alternative language like 'legal separation' and 'annulment...more