Countries: Laos
Variables: ABO-LAW-1

"In 2021, the Lao People’s Democratic Republic (Lao PDR) endorsed the National Strategy and Action Plan for Integrated Services on Reproductive, Maternal, Newborn, Adolescent and Child Health 2021–2025 to address gaps in the provision of equitable and quality services to the most vulnerable populations. The Ministry of Health also endorsed the “Agreement on the management of gestational surrogacy and induced abortion”, in which the conditions for induced abortion are described. This is expected to improve uptake and delivery of sexual and reproductive health services, including legal and safe abortion" (2). "Midwives are now legally allowed to provide modern contraceptives and medical abortion care (only for up to 12 weeks of...more

Countries: Laos
Variables: ABO-LAW-1

"Induced abortion is now permitted under the new legislation for various reasons, including medical issues on the part of the mother such as cardiovascular problems, neurological disease, cancer, kidney or liver disease, diabetes, and other medical conditions. Furthermore, induced abortions will also be legal for reasons concerning the health of the child, such as mental health conditions, heart conditions, or exposure to toxins and radioactivity. Rape victims, minors, those whose contraceptives have failed, who have had more than four children, or who come from poor households will also be eligible for abortion" (para 7-9).

Countries: Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Iraq, Laos, Nepal
Variables: AOM-DATA-2

"Prevalence across Asia is much lower, with notable exceptions. In Bangladesh, 51 per cent of girls are married before the age of 18. Nepal reports 35 per cent and Laos reports 33 per cent. Afghanistan reports 29 per cent, just ahead of Iraq on 28" (para 40).

Countries: Laos
Variables: AFE-DATA-1

The gender parity index (GPI) for gross secondary school enrollment (i.e. the ratio of gross enrollment of girls to gross enrollment of boys at the secondary level) is .95. This number was found by using the World Bank's data for secondary school gross enrollment for girls and boys. As of 2023, the gross enrollment rate for females is 53% while the gross enrollment rate for males is 56%. (CEC2 - CODER COMMENT).

Countries: Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Nepal, North Korea, Pakistan, Vietnam
Variables: TRAFF-PRACTICE-1, TRAFF-PRACTICE-2, TRAFF-DATA-1

"Reports have found that bride trafficking occurs in Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Myanmar, Nepal, North Korea, Pakistan, and Vietnam and that the number of women and girls being trafficked is growing. The trafficked women and girls are often ethnic or religious minorities, from impoverished communities, or, in the case of North Korea, fleeing abusive governments. Violence against women and girls is often a low priority for governments and all the affected countries have complicated relationships with China. Consequentially, their governments often show little concern about the fate of women and girls trafficked to China. However, there has been growing attention to bride trafficking in the media, and governments of the home...more

Countries: Laos
Variables: MMR-DATA-1

"Between 2000 and 2020, the country’s maternal mortality rate fell by over 250 per cent – one of the largest percentage reductions in the world" (para 5).

Countries: Laos
Variables: CWC-DATA-2

"Yet challenges persist, especially among remote and rural populations, who often struggle with limited access to sexual and reproductive health services" (para 6). "Across many remote and hard-to-reach Lao communities, a shortage of trained health providers jeopardizes access to family planning and sexual and reproductive health services – endangering the lives of women and girls" (para 12).

Countries: Laos
Variables: AOM-DATA-2

"In Xieng Khouang, rates of early marriage and pregnancy are high; according to 2017 data, one in four women aged 15 to 19 was married or in a union" (para 6).

Countries: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bhutan, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Laos, Madagascar, South Africa, Turkmenistan
Variables: MULTIVAR-SCALE-6

8.0

Countries: Laos
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1

"The entertainment venues in suburban Pak Ngum district must by law close at midnight but instead stay open until near dawn and have a reputation of secretly offering sex services" (para 2).

Countries: Laos
Variables: TRAFF-LAW-1

"Article 215 of the penal code criminalized sex trafficking and labor trafficking and prescribed penalties of five to 15 years’ imprisonment and a fine of 10 million to 100 million Lao kip ($580 to $5,810); if the crime involved a child victim, the fine range increased to 100 million to 500 million Lao kip ($5,810 to $29,040)." (3).

Countries: Albania, Angola, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Brazil, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Central African Rep, Comoros, Costa Rica, Cote D'Ivoire, Croatia, D R Congo, East Timor, Ecuador, Ethiopia, Fiji, Gambia, Ghana, Greece, Guatemala, Guinea, Honduras, Hungary, India, Indonesia, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kosovo, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lesotho, Liberia, Macedonia, Malawi, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Mauritania, Mexico, Moldova, Mongolia, Morocco, Namibia, Nepal, New Zealand, Niger, Nigeria, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Rwanda, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Slovakia, Slovenia, South Korea, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Switzerland, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Tunisia, Turkey, Uganda, Ukraine, United Arab Emirates, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Zambia, Zimbabwe
Variables: TRAFF-SCALE-1

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Countries: Laos
Variables: DV-DATA-1

According to 2022 data from the WHO's Global Health Observatory, the proportion of ever-partnered women and girls (aged 15-49) in Laos who have been subjected to physical and/or sexual violence by a current or former intimate partner in their lifetime is 19 percent (KMM-CODER COMMENT).

Countries: Laos
Variables: MMR-SCALE-1

126

Countries: Afghanistan, Albania, Angola, Argentina, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Bahamas, Belgium, Belize, Bhutan, Bolivia, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burma/Myanmar, Burundi, Cambodia, Canada, Cape Verde, Central African Rep, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Costa Rica, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, D R Congo, Djibouti, Dominican Republic, East Timor, Ecuador, Egypt, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Guatemala, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kosovo, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Lebanon, Lesotho, Libya, Luxembourg, Macedonia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Malta, Mauritius, Montenegro, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nicaragua, North Korea, Oman, Pakistan, Palestine, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Rwanda, Senegal, Serbia, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Somalia, South Africa, South Korea, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Taiwan, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Trinidad/Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, United States, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Yemen, Zambia, Zimbabwe
Variables: DACH-SCALE-2

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