Countries: India, Indonesia, Pakistan, Portugal, South Africa, United States
Variables: LBHO-DATA-1

"Twenty-seven new parliaments now have fewer women than they did before the elections - countries such as the US, Portugal, Pakistan, India, Indonesia and South Africa" (para 2).

Countries: India
Variables: DV-DATA-1

"A majority of the cases in 2021, the report said, were of kidnappings and abduction, rapes, domestic violence, dowry deaths and assaults" (para 12). "Violence inside the home is mostly recorded under the legal term of 'cruelty by husband or his relatives' and it has consistently been the most reported violent crime against women in India. In 2021, police received complaints from 137,956 women - which breaks down to about one every four minutes. It's an increase of 27% from 2016 when 110,434 women sought police help" (para 26-27).

Countries: India
Variables: IIP-PRACTICE-2

"A majority of the cases in 2021, the report said, were of kidnappings and abduction, rapes, domestic violence, dowry deaths and assaults. Also, 107 women were attacked with acid, 1,580 women were trafficked, 15 girls were sold and 2,668 women were victims of cybercrimes" (para 12-13).

Countries: India
Variables: LRW-DATA-1

"A majority of the cases in 2021, the report said, were of kidnappings and abduction, rapes, domestic violence, dowry deaths and assaults" (para 12). "Last year, police recorded 31,878 rapes - the numbers show a steep rise from the previous year (28,153), but compared to the 39,068 women who were raped in 2016, they show a decline of 18%" (para 16). "Most recently, a Muslim woman who was gang-raped and saw 14 members of her family killed by Hindu neighbours during the 2002 Gujarat riots spoke of her 'searing pain' after her rapists were freed from jail. The story of the unfair treatment Bilkis Bano received made global headlines, reinforcing...more

Countries: India
Variables: MARR-LAW-4

"Even though India outlawed dowries in 1961, the centuries-old tradition of the bride's family gifting cash, gold and other expensive items to the groom's family remains rampant" (para 31).

Countries: India
Variables: MURDER-DATA-2

"A majority of the cases in 2021, the report said, were of kidnappings and abduction, rapes, domestic violence, dowry deaths and assaults. Also, 107 women were attacked with acid, 1,580 women were trafficked, 15 girls were sold and 2,668 women were victims of cybercrimes" (para 12-13). "Campaigners say new brides are often harassed for not bringing in sufficient dowry and thousands are killed by their husbands and in-laws every year. Most are burnt to death and the murders are passed off as 'kitchen accidents'" (para 33-34). "Last year, police recorded 6,795 dowry deaths - or on average, one every 77 minutes. The numbers are a 10.92% improvement over 2016 when...more

Countries: India
Variables: MURDER-PRACTICE-2

"A majority of the cases in 2021, the report said, were of kidnappings and abduction, rapes, domestic violence, dowry deaths and assaults. Also, 107 women were attacked with acid" (para 12-13)."Campaigners say new brides are often harassed for not bringing in sufficient dowry and thousands are killed by their husbands and in-laws every year. Most are burnt to death and the murders are passed off as 'kitchen accidents'" (para 33-34).

Countries: India
Variables: TRAFF-DATA-1

"A majority of the cases in 2021, the report said, were of kidnappings and abduction, rapes, domestic violence, dowry deaths and assaults. Also, 107 women were attacked with acid, 1,580 women were trafficked, 15 girls were sold and 2,668 women were victims of cybercrimes" (para 12-13). "The latest data records 76,263 kidnappings and abductions of women - up 14% from 66,544 in 2016. Some of the crime was linked to murder, ransom and many were trafficked for prostitution and domestic work. But a large majority of the kidnapped women - 28,222 - were taken away to 'compel her for marriage'. Experts say many of these cases are false and are...more

Countries: India
Variables: MARR-PRACTICE-1

"But a large majority of the kidnapped women - 28,222 - were taken away to 'compel her for marriage'. Experts say many of these cases are false and are filed by families of women who elope with their lovers despite parental disapproval" (para 24-25).

Countries: India
Variables: SEGI-PRACTICE-1

"Since Indian courts began hearing the cases to criminalize marital rape, a slew of men’s rights activists have taken their objections to the streets and social media. The Save Indian Family Foundation group has been among the most vocal, claiming women could misuse the law to falsely imprison men. In March, the group, which claims to have 100,000 members, called for 'nationwide protests against Marital Rape law and Supreme Court of India,' writing on Twitter – now known as X – that they are 'ready to (un) leash hell on the system the day first fake marital rape case gets filed'" (para 82-84).

Countries: India
Variables: MARR-PRACTICE-1

"Softly spoken and shy, Vidya says she never wanted a husband, but her father told her she didn’t have a choice and arranged for her to marry at 19" (para 42). "Of the 10 women CNN spoke with, at least four were in marriages arranged by their parents before they turned 18 – a decision they said they could not refuse. Only two women chose their husbands themselves" (para 64).

Countries: India
Variables: LRW-PRACTICE-2

"The study examined records from three Mumbai public hospitals from 2008 to 2017 and found that of 1,664 rape survivors, no rape cases were filed by police" (para 37).

Countries: India
Variables: LRCM-PRACTICE-1

"[J]udges can impose prison sentences for sexual assault in cases where a married woman has alleged rape. But many don’t, Nundy said. 'They say, ‘if rape is exempt, then why should we find a way to use criminal law to deal with it?’' Nundy said, adding that the law must be 'specifically tailored to cover the prohibited act.' 'Otherwise nobody gets justice. Neither the victim, nor the alleged perpetrator,' she said. Married women are also 'ignored' when they try to file a police complaint, Nundy added. A study published in the National Library of Medicine journal 'Sexual and Reproductive Health Matters' last year suggested the same. The study examined records...more

Countries: India
Variables: AOM-PRACTICE-1

"Softly spoken and shy, Vidya says she never wanted a husband, but her father told her she didn’t have a choice and arranged for her to marry at 19" (para 42). "Of the 10 women CNN spoke with, at least four were in marriages arranged by their parents before they turned 18 - a decision they said they could not refuse" (para 64).

Countries: Afghanistan, Egypt, India, Iran, Saudi Arabia, Turkey
Variables: MARR-PRACTICE-8

"Estimates on consanguineous marriage prevalence around the world vary. Studies have put Pakistan as having one of the highest rates globally at 65 per cent of unions. This is followed by India (55 per cent), Saudi Arabia (50 per cent), Afghanistan (40 per cent), Iran (30 per cent) and Egypt and Turkey (20 per cent each)" (para 46-48).