Latest items for China
April 15, 2025, 7:13 p.m.
Countries: China
Variables: WR-LAW-1
"There is more content on women’s rights and more female figures appeared in textbooks. The requirements for the development and revision of primary and secondary school textbooks, released in December 2019, stipulated in principle that there should be no gender discrimination" (6). "The requirements for the development and revision of primary and secondary school textbooks do not specifically have explicit requirements for inclusive and non-violent education" (7).
Variables: WR-LAW-1
"There is more content on women’s rights and more female figures appeared in textbooks. The requirements for the development and revision of primary and secondary school textbooks, released in December 2019, stipulated in principle that there should be no gender discrimination" (6). "The requirements for the development and revision of primary and secondary school textbooks do not specifically have explicit requirements for inclusive and non-violent education" (7).
April 15, 2025, 7:13 p.m.
Countries: China
Variables: IIP-PRACTICE-2, AFE-PRACTICE-1
"Anti-sexual harassment regulations have been incorporated into Codes of Conducts for Teachers issued by the Ministry of Education and the Civil Code . In December 2018, the Supreme People’s Court added sexual harassment as a cause of action. Women’s rights in two cases have been partly or all realized after go to the court in 2020 in Sichuan and Guangdong province respectively" (8).
Variables: IIP-PRACTICE-2, AFE-PRACTICE-1
"Anti-sexual harassment regulations have been incorporated into Codes of Conducts for Teachers issued by the Ministry of Education and the Civil Code . In December 2018, the Supreme People’s Court added sexual harassment as a cause of action. Women’s rights in two cases have been partly or all realized after go to the court in 2020 in Sichuan and Guangdong province respectively" (8).
April 15, 2025, 7:13 p.m.
Countries: China
Variables: AFE-PRACTICE-2
"Up to 82% - 90% respondents agreed that women have not yet received equal support in pursuing their career or advanced education" (6).
Variables: AFE-PRACTICE-2
"Up to 82% - 90% respondents agreed that women have not yet received equal support in pursuing their career or advanced education" (6).
April 15, 2025, 7:13 p.m.
Countries: China
Variables: AOM-PRACTICE-1
"Harmful cultural practices, especially child marriage, and the high prevalence of bride price are not included in the current Program for the Development of Chinese Women (2011-2020) and National Human Rights Action Plan of China (2016-2020), and the national action plan for SDGs" (4).
Variables: AOM-PRACTICE-1
"Harmful cultural practices, especially child marriage, and the high prevalence of bride price are not included in the current Program for the Development of Chinese Women (2011-2020) and National Human Rights Action Plan of China (2016-2020), and the national action plan for SDGs" (4).
April 15, 2025, 7:13 p.m.
Countries: China
Variables: ASR-PRACTICE-1
"By emphasizing femininity, women’s appearance and family responsibilities as well as reinforcing the segregated gender roles such as reiterating 'the suitable-for-female professions'" (6).
Variables: ASR-PRACTICE-1
"By emphasizing femininity, women’s appearance and family responsibilities as well as reinforcing the segregated gender roles such as reiterating 'the suitable-for-female professions'" (6).
April 15, 2025, 7:13 p.m.
Countries: China
Variables: ATDW-LAW-1
"Our concerns… Divorce 'cooling off' period in the newly established Civil Code; Actually mandatory mediation for litigated divorce" (14).
Variables: ATDW-LAW-1
"Our concerns… Divorce 'cooling off' period in the newly established Civil Code; Actually mandatory mediation for litigated divorce" (14).
April 15, 2025, 7:13 p.m.
Countries: China
Variables: CL-DATA-1, CWC-DATA-2
"Explain how the poverty statistics are collected, and reasons that percentage of rural women living in extreme difficulty dropped from 21.7% in 2010 to 12.5% in 2018" (13).
Variables: CL-DATA-1, CWC-DATA-2
"Explain how the poverty statistics are collected, and reasons that percentage of rural women living in extreme difficulty dropped from 21.7% in 2010 to 12.5% in 2018" (13).
April 15, 2025, 7:13 p.m.
Countries: China
Variables: CLCW-PRACTICE-1
"'Revolution of the family name' emerges among younger generation. Some parents choose a combination of both father and mother’s surname, some even choose to not have a family name. A village named Changfeng in Anhui province launched a project of UNFPA China office, tried to reward families who give newborn babies their mother’s surname as a measure to reverse the striking 130:100 sex ratio at birth" (6). "Increasingly young women belonging to some ethnic minority groups cannot take up job offers or scholarships provided by international entities, or cannot get their passport to go abroad to study, pursue career development, travel, or visit family members" (15).
Variables: CLCW-PRACTICE-1
"'Revolution of the family name' emerges among younger generation. Some parents choose a combination of both father and mother’s surname, some even choose to not have a family name. A village named Changfeng in Anhui province launched a project of UNFPA China office, tried to reward families who give newborn babies their mother’s surname as a measure to reverse the striking 130:100 sex ratio at birth" (6). "Increasingly young women belonging to some ethnic minority groups cannot take up job offers or scholarships provided by international entities, or cannot get their passport to go abroad to study, pursue career development, travel, or visit family members" (15).
April 15, 2025, 7:13 p.m.
Countries: China
Variables: DACH-PRACTICE-1, CRPLB-PRACTICE-1
"According to reports, women cannot authorize themselves to undergo cesarean section, husband’s signature is required" (14).
Variables: DACH-PRACTICE-1, CRPLB-PRACTICE-1
"According to reports, women cannot authorize themselves to undergo cesarean section, husband’s signature is required" (14).
April 15, 2025, 7:13 p.m.
Countries: China
Variables: DACH-PRACTICE-3
"The percentage of disabled women in National and Local People’s Congresses remarkably increased. The livelihood of women with disabilities was significant improved" (5). "Temporary special measures to close gender gaps in employment, income, participation in decision-making, and education opportunity of disabled person are especially lacking" (5).
Variables: DACH-PRACTICE-3
"The percentage of disabled women in National and Local People’s Congresses remarkably increased. The livelihood of women with disabilities was significant improved" (5). "Temporary special measures to close gender gaps in employment, income, participation in decision-making, and education opportunity of disabled person are especially lacking" (5).
April 15, 2025, 7:13 p.m.
Countries: China
Variables: DTCP-PRACTICE-1
"Some police violence cases were investigated" (3). "Women’s access to justice is hindered by a lack accountability of public authorities. Existing regulations about legal liability of responsible parties are too general and difficult to implement in practice. There are increasing reports of sexual humiliation in police stations and detention facilities" (3). "There is no standard procedures such as 'rape kit' for police to deal with sexual assault case. Women are always asked to repeat the details of sexual conducts. And there is no significant role played by female police officers when the plaintiffs are questioned" (9). "Women account for 8.6% of persons in detention or serving sentences, increased from 4.6%...more
Variables: DTCP-PRACTICE-1
"Some police violence cases were investigated" (3). "Women’s access to justice is hindered by a lack accountability of public authorities. Existing regulations about legal liability of responsible parties are too general and difficult to implement in practice. There are increasing reports of sexual humiliation in police stations and detention facilities" (3). "There is no standard procedures such as 'rape kit' for police to deal with sexual assault case. Women are always asked to repeat the details of sexual conducts. And there is no significant role played by female police officers when the plaintiffs are questioned" (9). "Women account for 8.6% of persons in detention or serving sentences, increased from 4.6%...more
April 15, 2025, 7:13 p.m.
Countries: China
Variables: DV-DATA-1
"According to a survey from the Women's Network against AIDS-China (WNAC) on 457 women living with HIV in Heilongjiang, Liaoning, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Yunnan and Guizhou provinces from September to November 2016, 47.7% of respondents encountered at least one form of domestic violence, 11% of the respondents have experienced domestic violence during the past year among whom 3.5% have suffered domestic violence more than once. The '2017 Chinese Transgender Population General Survey Report' released by Beijing LGBT Center on November 23, suggests that out of 1,640 respondents whose guardians are parents, only six have never been subjected to any violence by their families of origin. Among them, transgender women are...more
Variables: DV-DATA-1
"According to a survey from the Women's Network against AIDS-China (WNAC) on 457 women living with HIV in Heilongjiang, Liaoning, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Yunnan and Guizhou provinces from September to November 2016, 47.7% of respondents encountered at least one form of domestic violence, 11% of the respondents have experienced domestic violence during the past year among whom 3.5% have suffered domestic violence more than once. The '2017 Chinese Transgender Population General Survey Report' released by Beijing LGBT Center on November 23, suggests that out of 1,640 respondents whose guardians are parents, only six have never been subjected to any violence by their families of origin. Among them, transgender women are...more
April 15, 2025, 7:13 p.m.
Countries: China
Variables: DV-LAW-1
"The draft Anti-domestic Violence Law consulted public opinion three times from 2014-2015. The newly established Civil Code and provincial legislation of the anti-domestic violence law in about ten provinces asked for public comments via the Internet from 2018" (3). "There is remarkable progress on combating violence against women since 2014. The Anti Domestic Violence Law came into effect in March 2016. Some local governments purchased services from women’s federations to cover domestic violence prevention programs" (7-8). "The Anti Domestic Violence Law itself could be more comprehensive and actionable. The definition of domestic violence is not comprehensive and complete, and there is a lack of clarity regarding the responsibilities of public...more
Variables: DV-LAW-1
"The draft Anti-domestic Violence Law consulted public opinion three times from 2014-2015. The newly established Civil Code and provincial legislation of the anti-domestic violence law in about ten provinces asked for public comments via the Internet from 2018" (3). "There is remarkable progress on combating violence against women since 2014. The Anti Domestic Violence Law came into effect in March 2016. Some local governments purchased services from women’s federations to cover domestic violence prevention programs" (7-8). "The Anti Domestic Violence Law itself could be more comprehensive and actionable. The definition of domestic violence is not comprehensive and complete, and there is a lack of clarity regarding the responsibilities of public...more
April 15, 2025, 7:13 p.m.
Countries: China
Variables: DV-PRACTICE-1
"Public Security: a video training made by the Ministry of Public Security included police regulations on domestic violence in 2017, but the video itself is not fully accessible. According to many survivors who reported domestic violence to police, in most of cases, unless there are serious injuries, domestic violence calls were not seriously responded by police, they rarely issue caution statements and other treatment, nor referral to shelter services. The police anti-domestic violence manual developed by the Public Security Bureau of the Ministry of Public Security and the All-China Women's Federation under the United Nations Trust Project is not used inside the public security system" (8-9).
Variables: DV-PRACTICE-1
"Public Security: a video training made by the Ministry of Public Security included police regulations on domestic violence in 2017, but the video itself is not fully accessible. According to many survivors who reported domestic violence to police, in most of cases, unless there are serious injuries, domestic violence calls were not seriously responded by police, they rarely issue caution statements and other treatment, nor referral to shelter services. The police anti-domestic violence manual developed by the Public Security Bureau of the Ministry of Public Security and the All-China Women's Federation under the United Nations Trust Project is not used inside the public security system" (8-9).
April 15, 2025, 7:13 p.m.
Countries: China
Variables: DV-PRACTICE-2
"There is a lack of statistics in relation to women who receive legal aid for domestic violence and sexual harassment and sexual assault. Some serious cases of abuse did not receive legal services and legal aid" (3). "Some local governments purchased services from women’s federations to cover domestic violence prevention programs" (7-8). "The accessibility and management of domestic violence shelters is inadequate and could not provide sufficient practical help to battered women who need shelter services. Local governments rarely include work on domestic violence into their catalogues of purchase of services. If any, it mainly from federation and the proportion of such projects only comprise from 1% to 7% of...more
Variables: DV-PRACTICE-2
"There is a lack of statistics in relation to women who receive legal aid for domestic violence and sexual harassment and sexual assault. Some serious cases of abuse did not receive legal services and legal aid" (3). "Some local governments purchased services from women’s federations to cover domestic violence prevention programs" (7-8). "The accessibility and management of domestic violence shelters is inadequate and could not provide sufficient practical help to battered women who need shelter services. Local governments rarely include work on domestic violence into their catalogues of purchase of services. If any, it mainly from federation and the proportion of such projects only comprise from 1% to 7% of...more
April 15, 2025, 7:13 p.m.
Countries: China
Variables: ERBG-DATA-1
"There are reports show the gender gaps of income is decreasing" (12). "Pay gaps expanded in selected professions, especially in top rank salary jobs" (12). "Pension gaps may discriminate against women indirectly. Pension hierarchy system creates about three times income difference among pensioners hold the same professional qualifications. Retirees from 'society' get least pension, and retirees from '(state own) company' is less than retirees from governmental and public work units" (13).
Variables: ERBG-DATA-1
"There are reports show the gender gaps of income is decreasing" (12). "Pay gaps expanded in selected professions, especially in top rank salary jobs" (12). "Pension gaps may discriminate against women indirectly. Pension hierarchy system creates about three times income difference among pensioners hold the same professional qualifications. Retirees from 'society' get least pension, and retirees from '(state own) company' is less than retirees from governmental and public work units" (13).
April 15, 2025, 7:13 p.m.
Countries: China
Variables: ERBG-LAW-1
"Article 59 of the Labor Law remains unchanged. It prohibits assigning female workers to work underground in mines, to work at the fourth level of physical labor intensity established by the State, and to other prohibited work. Despite long-standing calls for its repeal, including by the CEDAW Committee and other international and domestic parties, this provision continues to exist under the guise of 'special protection' and constitutes direct discrimination against women in employment. During the COVID-19 epidemic, some local departments have proposed discriminatory initiatives to enterprises to encourage female workers to stay at home to take care of underage children" (2). "Progress... Increasing discussion on ending age difference of retirement...more
Variables: ERBG-LAW-1
"Article 59 of the Labor Law remains unchanged. It prohibits assigning female workers to work underground in mines, to work at the fourth level of physical labor intensity established by the State, and to other prohibited work. Despite long-standing calls for its repeal, including by the CEDAW Committee and other international and domestic parties, this provision continues to exist under the guise of 'special protection' and constitutes direct discrimination against women in employment. During the COVID-19 epidemic, some local departments have proposed discriminatory initiatives to enterprises to encourage female workers to stay at home to take care of underage children" (2). "Progress... Increasing discussion on ending age difference of retirement...more
April 15, 2025, 7:13 p.m.
Countries: China
Variables: ERBG-PRACTICE-1
"Progress… Increasing discussion on ending age difference of retirement between women and men" (12). "Pension gaps may discriminate against women indirectly. Pension hierarchy system creates about three times income difference among pensioners hold the same professional qualifications. Retirees from 'society' get least pension, and retirees from '(state own) company' is less than retirees from governmental and public work units" (13).
Variables: ERBG-PRACTICE-1
"Progress… Increasing discussion on ending age difference of retirement between women and men" (12). "Pension gaps may discriminate against women indirectly. Pension hierarchy system creates about three times income difference among pensioners hold the same professional qualifications. Retirees from 'society' get least pension, and retirees from '(state own) company' is less than retirees from governmental and public work units" (13).
April 15, 2025, 7:13 p.m.
Countries: China
Variables: EWCMS-LAW-4
"Women are always asked to repeat the details of sexual conducts. And there is no significant role played by female police officers when the plaintiffs are questioned" (9).
Variables: EWCMS-LAW-4
"Women are always asked to repeat the details of sexual conducts. And there is no significant role played by female police officers when the plaintiffs are questioned" (9).
April 15, 2025, 7:13 p.m.
Countries: China
Variables: GP-DATA-1
"The proportion of women among village committee chairpersons is 11.9%. Percentage of women among village council members increases to 23.8% . In 2019, the proportion of women among village committee members was 23.8%, which is far from the target of 'reaching more than 30%' by 2020. The percentage of women among village committee chairmen is 11.9%, although the target of "reaching more than 10%" has been achieved ahead of schedule, half of the regions are still below the target" (13).
Variables: GP-DATA-1
"The proportion of women among village committee chairpersons is 11.9%. Percentage of women among village council members increases to 23.8% . In 2019, the proportion of women among village committee members was 23.8%, which is far from the target of 'reaching more than 30%' by 2020. The percentage of women among village committee chairmen is 11.9%, although the target of "reaching more than 10%" has been achieved ahead of schedule, half of the regions are still below the target" (13).
April 15, 2025, 7:13 p.m.
Countries: China
Variables: GP-DATA-3
"Our concerns… The lack of availability and accessibility of gender-specific statistics. Harmful cultural practices, especially child marriage, and the high prevalence of bride price are not included in the current Program for the Development of Chinese Women (2011-2020) and National Human Rights Action Plan of China (2016-2020), and the national action plan for SDGs" (4).
Variables: GP-DATA-3
"Our concerns… The lack of availability and accessibility of gender-specific statistics. Harmful cultural practices, especially child marriage, and the high prevalence of bride price are not included in the current Program for the Development of Chinese Women (2011-2020) and National Human Rights Action Plan of China (2016-2020), and the national action plan for SDGs" (4).
April 15, 2025, 7:13 p.m.
Countries: China
Variables: IIP-LAW-2
"Anti-sexual harassment regulations have been incorporated into Codes of Conducts for Teachers issued by the Ministry of Education and the Civil Code . In December 2018, the Supreme People’s Court added sexual harassment as a cause of action" (8). "Regarding sexual harassment, the new Civil Code, not in line with the Committees’ Genera recommendation No. 19 and 35, only request 'Organs, enterprises, schools and other entities shall take reasonable measures of prevention, acceptance of complaints, investigation and handling, so as to prevent and cease sexual harassment conducted by violators by making use of their powers and affiliation relationship', rather than taking a holistic perspective to review sexual harassment as a...more
Variables: IIP-LAW-2
"Anti-sexual harassment regulations have been incorporated into Codes of Conducts for Teachers issued by the Ministry of Education and the Civil Code . In December 2018, the Supreme People’s Court added sexual harassment as a cause of action" (8). "Regarding sexual harassment, the new Civil Code, not in line with the Committees’ Genera recommendation No. 19 and 35, only request 'Organs, enterprises, schools and other entities shall take reasonable measures of prevention, acceptance of complaints, investigation and handling, so as to prevent and cease sexual harassment conducted by violators by making use of their powers and affiliation relationship', rather than taking a holistic perspective to review sexual harassment as a...more
April 15, 2025, 7:13 p.m.
Countries: China
Variables: SEGI-PRACTICE-1
"The National Working Committee on Children and Women under the State Council promoted gender equality education in primary and secondary schools, with successful pilots in Guangdong province and selected locations" (6). "Campaigns tackling bride price and boy preference culture have been conducted in several places. All China Women’s Federation delivered training to raise gender-awareness for media professionals" (6). "Paragraph 42 of the Ninth Periodic Report of the State party mentions that gender equality been included in educational training courses for cadres at all levels and of all types" (7). "On 1 October 2020, Chinese President Xi Jinping, in a speech delivered by video at the high-level meeting of the United...more
Variables: SEGI-PRACTICE-1
"The National Working Committee on Children and Women under the State Council promoted gender equality education in primary and secondary schools, with successful pilots in Guangdong province and selected locations" (6). "Campaigns tackling bride price and boy preference culture have been conducted in several places. All China Women’s Federation delivered training to raise gender-awareness for media professionals" (6). "Paragraph 42 of the Ninth Periodic Report of the State party mentions that gender equality been included in educational training courses for cadres at all levels and of all types" (7). "On 1 October 2020, Chinese President Xi Jinping, in a speech delivered by video at the high-level meeting of the United...more
April 15, 2025, 7:13 p.m.
Countries: China
Variables: MARR-PRACTICE-5
"Harmful cultural practices, especially child marriage, and the high prevalence of bride price are not included in the current Program for the Development of Chinese Women (2011-2020) and National Human Rights Action Plan of China (2016-2020), and the national action plan for SDGs" (4). "Our concerns... The verdicts of the bride price" (14).
Variables: MARR-PRACTICE-5
"Harmful cultural practices, especially child marriage, and the high prevalence of bride price are not included in the current Program for the Development of Chinese Women (2011-2020) and National Human Rights Action Plan of China (2016-2020), and the national action plan for SDGs" (4). "Our concerns... The verdicts of the bride price" (14).
April 15, 2025, 7:13 p.m.
Countries: China
Variables: MARR-PRACTICE-7
"It is an unspoken rule that after marriage the couple resides primarily with the family of the male partner , as well as birth certification issuing if the new baby does not follow the father’s surname" (14).
Variables: MARR-PRACTICE-7
"It is an unspoken rule that after marriage the couple resides primarily with the family of the male partner , as well as birth certification issuing if the new baby does not follow the father’s surname" (14).
April 15, 2025, 7:13 p.m.
Countries: China
Variables: MISA-DATA-2
"Women account for 47.7% of persons under the crime of producing and selling of counterfeit drugs" (16).
Variables: MISA-DATA-2
"Women account for 47.7% of persons under the crime of producing and selling of counterfeit drugs" (16).
April 15, 2025, 7:13 p.m.
Countries: China
Variables: NGOFW-PRACTICE-1
"Some laws have acknowledged the role of social organizations (NGOS). For example, Anti Domestic Violence Law mentions social organizations in 5 places while Women’s Federation was mentioned in 6 places" (11). "NGOs and women’s rights advocates may often encounter posts deleted, account suspended or account ban, or other kinds of treatment. The wechat and weibo account of Feminist Voices, a feminist alternative media with about 150,000 readership have been banned in the night of International Women’s Day of 2018" (11-12).
Variables: NGOFW-PRACTICE-1
"Some laws have acknowledged the role of social organizations (NGOS). For example, Anti Domestic Violence Law mentions social organizations in 5 places while Women’s Federation was mentioned in 6 places" (11). "NGOs and women’s rights advocates may often encounter posts deleted, account suspended or account ban, or other kinds of treatment. The wechat and weibo account of Feminist Voices, a feminist alternative media with about 150,000 readership have been banned in the night of International Women’s Day of 2018" (11-12).
April 15, 2025, 7:13 p.m.
Countries: China
Variables: TRAFF-PRACTICE-1
"A considerable number of human trafficking buyers have been exonerated from prosecution and exempted from criminal liability , or given suspended sentences" (10).
Variables: TRAFF-PRACTICE-1
"A considerable number of human trafficking buyers have been exonerated from prosecution and exempted from criminal liability , or given suspended sentences" (10).
April 15, 2025, 7:13 p.m.
Countries: China
Variables: WR-DATA-1
"In a survey with 10,000 respondents released in 2020, 80-90% women and non-binary respondents were unsatisfied with the gender images shown in media and textbooks. In 2015, the percentage was 60% - 70%" (6).
Variables: WR-DATA-1
"In a survey with 10,000 respondents released in 2020, 80-90% women and non-binary respondents were unsatisfied with the gender images shown in media and textbooks. In 2015, the percentage was 60% - 70%" (6).
April 15, 2025, 7:13 p.m.
Countries: China
Variables: WAM-PRACTICE-1
"There is more content on women’s rights and more female figures appeared in textbooks. The requirements for the development and revision of primary and secondary school textbooks, released in December 2019, stipulated in principle that there should be no gender discrimination" (6). "The Gender Equality News Event of the Year, in which news media professionals participate, was held every year from 2012-2020" (6). "In a survey with 10,000 respondents released in 2020, 80-90% women and non-binary respondents were unsatisfied with the gender images shown in media and textbooks. In 2015, the percentage was 60% - 70%" (6). "Media portrayals of women are often stereotypical and have perpetuated gender norms. By...more
Variables: WAM-PRACTICE-1
"There is more content on women’s rights and more female figures appeared in textbooks. The requirements for the development and revision of primary and secondary school textbooks, released in December 2019, stipulated in principle that there should be no gender discrimination" (6). "The Gender Equality News Event of the Year, in which news media professionals participate, was held every year from 2012-2020" (6). "In a survey with 10,000 respondents released in 2020, 80-90% women and non-binary respondents were unsatisfied with the gender images shown in media and textbooks. In 2015, the percentage was 60% - 70%" (6). "Media portrayals of women are often stereotypical and have perpetuated gender norms. By...more