The most comprehensive compilation of information on the status of
women in the world.

Latest items for China

Nov. 9, 2024, 9:43 a.m.
Countries: China
Variables: ERBG-PRACTICE-1

“Women performing physical work will be able to retire at the age of 55, instead of the current 50. For women in office positions, the retirement age will increase from 55 to 58. For men, the threshold will be raised from 60 to 63. The changes will be implemented gradually over the next 15 years, and early retirement will not be allowed. At the same time, employees will have the option to extend their professional activity by up to three years beyond the statutory retirement age” (para 2-3).
Nov. 9, 2024, 9:43 a.m.
Countries: China
Variables: DACH-DATA-1

“[A]verage life expectancy rose to 78.2 years” (para 6).
Nov. 5, 2024, 1:18 p.m.
Countries: China
Variables: MARR-PRACTICE-2

"China last year recorded its lowest number of marriages since public records became available, furthering a nearly decade-long decline in matrimony that has coincided with falling birth rates and triggered government concern of a demographic crisis" (para 1). "6.83 million couples married in 2022, according to data released by China’s Ministry of Civil Affairs on Friday. That’s down around 10.5% from the 7.63 million marriage registrations in 2021 and marks a record low since 1986" (para 2). "[There] has been a steady decline in people choosing to enter into marriages since a 2013 peak, when more than 13 million couples tied the knot – nearly double the 2022 nuptials" (para...more
Nov. 5, 2024, 1:18 p.m.
Countries: China
Variables: MARR-PRACTICE-5, MARR-LAW-4

"When it comes to marriage, these [marriage incentives] have ranged from mass blind dating events held by the Communist Youth League – the party’s youth branch – to officials seeking to reduce the value of “bride price,” the amount paid to a prospective partner’s family that the government has suggested could be a barrier to marriage in rural China, where it’s more common" (para 17).
Nov. 5, 2024, 1:18 p.m.
Countries: China
Variables: MARR-DATA-1

"6.83 million couples married in 2022, according to data released by China’s Ministry of Civil Affairs on Friday. That’s down around 10.5% from the 7.63 million marriage registrations in 2021 and marks a record low since 1986" (para 2). "[There] has been a steady decline in people choosing to enter into marriages since a 2013 peak, when more than 13 million couples tied the knot – nearly double the 2022 nuptials" (para 4).
Nov. 5, 2024, 1:18 p.m.
Countries: China
Variables: GIC-LAW-1

"Measures [to encourage marriage and childbirth] have included relaxing the sweeping policy that for decades controlled the number of children married couples could have, as well as attempting to find ways to incentivize childbirth and marriage" (para 16).
Nov. 5, 2024, 1:18 p.m.
Countries: China
Variables: MARR-PRACTICE-3, CBMC-PRACTICE-1

"Chinese officials see a direct link between fewer marriages and falling births in the country, where social norms and government regulations make it challenging for unmarried couples to have children" (para 7).
Nov. 5, 2024, 1:18 p.m.
Countries: China
Variables: BR-PRACTICE-1

"The party’s stringent response to Covid-19 also crystallized simmering political frustrations among some young people, with the catchphrase, “We are the last generation” – a refusal to bear children into the rigidly controlled Chinese state – becoming a rallying cry during Shanghai’s punishing two-month lockdown last spring" (para 10).
Nov. 5, 2024, 1:18 p.m.
Countries: China
Variables: BR-DATA-1

"China’s population shrank in 2022 for the first time in more than 60 years, with just 6.77 births per 1,000 people – the lowest level since the founding of Communist China in 1949" (para 6).
Nov. 5, 2024, 1:18 p.m.
Countries: China
Variables: ATFPA-PRACTICE-2

"Changing gender norms and expanding career opportunities for women, as in other places in the world, are also widely seen as driving the marriage age higher and impacting attitudes about the institution.That attitude shift is especially apparent among younger women, some of whom are growing disillusioned with marriage for its role in entrenching gender inequality, experts say" (para 11,12). This implies in marriage, paternal authority is privilegd over maternal authority (CEC - CODER COMMENT). "The government-affiliated China Family Planning Association extended a 2022 pilot program advocating 'a new concept of marriage and childbearing.' The program – which was rolled out to 20 cities or municipal-level districts last year, with another...more
Nov. 5, 2024, 1:18 p.m.
Countries: China
Variables: ATDW-LAW-1

"China has mandated a 30-day “cooling-off” period for people filing for divorce since 2021, despite criticism that it could make it harder for women to leave broken or even abusive marriages" (para 21).
Nov. 5, 2024, 1:18 p.m.
Countries: China
Variables: ATDW-DATA-1

"The Ministry of Civil Affairs’ recent data release also showed a slight fall in divorce registrations, with 2.1 million couples divorced in 2022, down from 2.13 million couples the previous year" (para 20).
Nov. 5, 2024, 1:18 p.m.
Countries: China
Variables: AOM-PRACTICE-1

"Changing gender norms and expanding career opportunities for women, as in other places in the world, are also widely seen as driving the marriage age higher and impacting attitudes about the institution" (para 11). Customarily, girls are marrying at higher ages (CEC - CODER COMMENT). "The government-affiliated China Family Planning Association extended a 2022 pilot program advocating 'a new concept of marriage and childbearing.' The program – which was rolled out to 20 cities or municipal-level districts last year, with another 20 localities added this year – focuses on motivating young people to get married at a “proper age” and encouraging couples to share child-rearing responsibilities, officials have said" (para...more
Nov. 5, 2024, 1:18 p.m.
Countries: China
Variables: AOM-DATA-1

"The average marriage age for first marriages was 28.67 years old in 2020, up from 24.89 years old a decade prior, according to census data" (para 14).
Nov. 5, 2024, 1:06 p.m.
Countries: China
Variables: ATDW-PRACTICE-2

"According to the most recently available Supreme People’s Court data, in 2016 and 2017, more than 73% of plaintiffs in divorce cases were women" (para 9). "The shift in views on divorce has been significant. Historically, the low social status of women in China led to the dominance of men in divorce proceedings. Getting divorced would often damage a woman’s reputation, but not her ex-husband’s. That started to change in 1980, when divorce registration was made easier, with 'breakdown in mutual affection' allowed as an official reason" (para 10, 11).
Nov. 5, 2024, 1:06 p.m.
Countries: China
Variables: ATDW-DATA-1

"The divorce rate in China has risen from 0.96 divorces for every 1,000 people in 2000 to 3.10 in 2020" (para 9).
Nov. 5, 2024, 1:06 p.m.
Countries: China
Variables: ATDW-LAW-1

"In 2021 the Chinese government implemented a “cooling-off period” for divorce, requiring couples to give love another chance and extending the separation process time in the hope they would change their minds" (para 15).
Nov. 5, 2024, 1:06 p.m.
Countries: China
Variables: ATDW-LAW-5, DV-DATA-1

"According to the most recently available Supreme People’s Court data, in 2016 and 2017, more than 73% of plaintiffs in divorce cases were women. Among more than 1.4m divorce cases registered, emotional discord was listed as the primary reason for 77.5%. Domestic violence accounted for 14.9%" (para 9).
Nov. 5, 2024, 1:06 p.m.
Countries: China
Variables: ATDW-PRACTICE-3

"Shaking off social stereotypes around divorce that suggest she [Sushi, newly divorced] should feel shame and failure, she decided to throw a party with all of her girlfriends" (para 2). "On Xiaohongshu, a Chinese video-sharing social media app, divorce parties and inspiring content about the lives of newly single women are gaining thousands of likes" (para 5). "The shift in views on divorce has been significant. Historically, the low social status of women in China led to the dominance of men in divorce proceedings. Getting divorced would often damage a woman’s reputation, but not her ex-husband’s. That started to change in 1980, when divorce registration was made easier, with 'breakdown...more
Nov. 5, 2024, 1:06 p.m.
Countries: China
Variables: MARR-DATA-1

"The marriage rate has plummeted from 6.7 marriages for every 1,000 people in 2000 to 5.8 in 2020" (para 9).
Nov. 5, 2024, 1:06 p.m.
Countries: China
Variables: MARR-PRACTICE-2

"The marriage rate has plummeted from 6.7 marriages for every 1,000 people in 2000 to 5.8 in 2020" (para 9). "[There is a] declining numbers of marriages – 2022 recorded the fewest number in 37 years" (para 18). "'Some have chosen to postpone marriage in order to advance their careers, studies, and professions and to enjoy their personal freedom,' said Dr Pan Wang, senior lecturer in Chinese and Asian studies at the University of New South Wales" (para 19).
Nov. 5, 2024, 1:06 p.m.
Countries: China
Variables: SEGI-PRACTICE-1

"On Xiaohongshu, a Chinese video-sharing social media app, divorce parties and inspiring content about the lives of newly single women are gaining thousands of likes" (para 5). "The cooling-off period caused widespread criticism on Chinese social media. One woman said she felt 're-chained for a month by those who consider themselves righteous'. Another woman said the rule 'creates a disturbance in society'" (para 17).
Nov. 5, 2024, 1:06 p.m.
Countries: China
Variables: SEGI-PRACTICE-2, WAM-PRACTICE-1

"On Xiaohongshu, a Chinese video-sharing social media app, divorce parties and inspiring content about the lives of newly single women are gaining thousands of likes" (para 5).
Nov. 5, 2024, 1:02 p.m.
Countries: China
Variables: CBMC-PRACTICE-1

"[There are] deeply negative images of single mothers often found in Chinese film, television and literature that reflect long-held patriarchal beliefs about heteronormative family structures" (para 12). "Childbirth out of wedlock is relatively rare in China, partly due to pervasive social stigma and cases of local authorities punishing women through fines or denying the child legal registration to access social benefits such as schooling and healthcare. 'Either they are victims or they are stigmatised in moral terms, for example they irresponsibly slept around while young and paid the consequences, and suffered all kinds of bullying and their child had psychological issues, she [Teresa Xu, denied an egg-freezing treatment for being...more
Nov. 5, 2024, 1:02 p.m.
Countries: China
Variables: CUST-LAW-4

"Same-sex couples remain barred from marriage and adoption, and surrogacy is illegal" (para 16).
Nov. 5, 2024, 1:02 p.m.
Countries: China
Variables: MARR-PRACTICE-2, BR-DATA-1

"China reported its first population drop in six decades amid record low birth and marriage rates" (para 5).
Nov. 5, 2024, 1:02 p.m.
Countries: China
Variables: WAM-PRACTICE-1, ATFPA-PRACTICE-2

"[There are] deeply negative images of single mothers often found in Chinese film, television and literature that reflect long-held patriarchal beliefs about heteronormative family structures" (para 12).
Nov. 5, 2024, 1:02 p.m.
Countries: China
Variables: ACR-PRACTICE-1

"Under current guidelines, single women are barred from freezing their eggs, with assisted reproductive technologies only available to married women with fertility issues" (para 3). "After China reported its first population drop in six decades amid record low birth and marriage rates, government political advisers proposed in March that single and unmarried women should have access to egg freezing and IVF treatment" (para 5). "In the southwestern province of Sichuan province single women are increasingly undergoing IVF treatments in private clinics" (para 6). "Overseas costs [of freezing a woman's eggs] are five to ten times more than the 20,000 to 30,000 yuan ($2,886 to $4,330) fee charged by Chinese private...more
Nov. 5, 2024, 1:02 p.m.
Countries: China
Variables: ACR-LAW-1

"Under current guidelines, single women are barred from freezing their eggs, with assisted reproductive technologies only available to married women with fertility issues" (para 3). "After China reported its first population drop in six decades amid record low birth and marriage rates, government political advisers proposed in March that single and unmarried women should have access to egg freezing and IVF treatment" (para 5). "Same-sex couples remain barred from marriage and adoption, and surrogacy is illegal" (para 16).
Nov. 5, 2024, 1:02 p.m.
Countries: China
Variables: ACR-DATA-1

"In the southwestern province of Sichuan province single women are increasingly undergoing IVF treatments in private clinics" (para 6).