Countries: China
Variables: NGOFW-DATA-1

"[T]he Zubin Foundation issued a report on forced marriage in Hong Kong ahead of International Women’s Day on March 8" (para 5). "Shalini Mahtani, CEO of the Zubin Foundation, told the press last Wednesday the NGO had worked directly with more than 20 women in Hong Kong on forced marriage since 2018" (para 7).

Countries: China
Variables: MARR-PRACTICE-1

"But their relationship turned sour after Hina turned 25, when her father began pressuring her to marry a first cousin in Pakistan. She did not want to get married at the time and saw the marriage as a 'business deal' which would allow him to move to Hong Kong. She resisted – and described what followed as half a decade of clashes and 'emotional blackmail' by her family. 'When the forced marriage attempt happened, I was shocked. A lot of hurtful things were said. [My father] told me it was better to give birth to a dog than giving birth to me, and he should not have let me receive...more

Countries: China
Variables: DV-DATA-1

"The interviewees, all of whom were born in Hong Kong or came to the city as young children, said they were pressured or forced to marry. Shalini Mahtani, CEO of the Zubin Foundation, told the press last Wednesday the NGO had worked directly with more than 20 women in Hong Kong on forced marriage since 2018. The process 'starts very young,' Mahtani said, with some interviewees learning as children that a husband had been chosen for them. Two were married as children abroad. According to the report, the 11 women faced different types of coercion, including psychological pressure, verbal abuse, physical abuse and confinement" (para 7-9). "After being beaten by...more

Countries: China
Variables: GIC-LAW-1

"China moved from 'one-child policy' to 'two-child policy' on January 1, 2016, a change closely related to and affecting billions of people" (4). "China clearly stated in its previous report (CEDAW/C/CHN/7-8) that 'family planning is a basic state policy of China.' The Population and Family Planning Law of the People’s Republic of China forms the foundation of this state policy. The National People’s Congress (NPC) amended this law on December 27, 2015. Effective on January 1, 2016, China moved from one-child policy to a two-child policy. The newly amended Article 18 of the said law, among other amended articles, provides that the state advocates every married couple to have two...more

Countries: China
Variables: ATDW-LAW-5

"Additionally, according to the Judicial Big Data Special Report on Divorce Disputes issued by the Supreme People’s Court in 2018, 73.4% of plaintiffs are female, and domestic violence is the second most common reason for application for dissolution of marriage" (7). "[R]esearch shows that 'domestic violence did not increase the probability a court granted a divorce request,' disproportionately affecting female victims of domestic violence" (7).

Countries: China
Variables: DV-DATA-1

"Despite the implementation of the Anti-Domestic Violence Law in 2016, recent data from All-China Women’s Federation (ACWF) shows that there were reported 39,371 complaints of domestic violence in 2018. However, according to reports on data released by the ACWF, 'every 7.4 seconds, one woman is being beaten by her husband in China.' Findings from the Third Survey on Chinese Women’s Social Status in 2010 also have demonstrated that 24.7% of women in 270 million households in China have encountered domestic violence, 'including verbal abuse, assaults, restriction of personal freedom, economic control, forced sex, and other forms of domestic violence during their marriages.' ACWF’s statistics show that about 157,000 women commit...more

Countries: China
Variables: DV-PRACTICE-1

"According to one report, factors contributing to the ineffectiveness of the Anti-Domestic Violence Law include the lack of 'special information collection, mechanism to collect statistics and financial support'" (6). "It reports that 'by the end of 2018, courts across the country had issued 3,718 personal safety protection orders, effectively curbing the occurrence of domestic violence' (CEDAW/C/CHN/9, para. 46). Yet, there is a huge gap (39,371 versus 3,718) between reported complaints and the number of issued personal safety protection orders" (7).

Countries: China
Variables: GP-DATA-3

"As an overarching challenge to effective monitoring and assessment of progress by the State party in its Convention implementation progress, we highlight the importance of specific sex, age and ethnicity disaggregated, process-based, and comparative data on issues that disproportionately affect women. These data inform meaningful and constructive assessment and measures to promote social progress and substantive gender equality, issue-specific program development, and legislative and policy changes. We respectfully urge the Committee to continue emphasizing the need for the systematic collection and analyses of these data, including soliciting the input of diverse and inclusive civil society organizations" (3). This implies that China does not publish statistics disaggregated by gender (ELW -...more

Countries: China
Variables: ISSA-DATA-2

"While China referenced these issues in a series of paragraphs in its combined seventh and eighth State Party Report, it only provided a total of two paragraphs on these issues in its ninth periodic report, stating that the 2017 sex ratio at birth has decreased to 111.9. However, the sex ratio at birth in China remains higher than 102 to 106 boys to girls, the biologically normal sex ratio at birth" (4).

Countries: China
Variables: ISSA-PRACTICE-1

"[T]his policy change did not stop the practices of gender-biased fetal sex identification for non-medical needs and sex-selective artificial termination of pregnancy, practices that contribute to the high male-to-female ratio at birth. Official state media also report that the practices of non-medical fetal sex identification and sex-selective artificial termination of pregnancy continue to exist and are prevalent in China" (4). "In the context of the 'two-child policy,' continuing practices of gender-biased fetal sex identification for non-medical needs and sex-selective artificial termination of pregnancy contribute to the high sex ratio at birth in China. Practices of non-medical needs fetal sex identification and sex-selective artificial termination of pregnancy ('two-nons') are prevalent in...more

Countries: China
Variables: NGOFW-DATA-1

"Equality, a Beijing-based NGO dedicated to combating violence against women, also witnessed 'a surge in calls to its helpline since early February' in China, then the epicenter of the outbreak" (7).

Countries: China
Variables: ERBG-PRACTICE-1

"Women performing physical work will be able to retire at the age of 55, instead of the current 50. For women in office positions, the retirement age will increase from 55 to 58. For men, the threshold will be raised from 60 to 63" (Para 2).

Countries: China
Variables: MULV-DATA-1

"Women’s disproportionate burden of unpaid care work, which is 2.5 times higher for women than for men and constitutes a barrier to women’s economic participation" (Page 11)

Countries: China
Variables: MARR-PRACTICE-7

"The Committee notes the advocacy campaigns aimed at eradicating son preference and promoting shared parenting, as well as article 68 of the Law on the Protection of Rights and Interests of Women, which promotes co-parenting. However, the Committee remains concerned about the persistence of deep-rooted stereotypes regarding the roles and responsibilities of women and men in the family and in society, the traditional preference for sons and the traditional perception that it is a man’s 'duty' to give a male heir to his parents, resulting in cases of child abduction and alienation to ensure that the male child remains within the paternal family" (Page 6).

Countries: China
Variables: NGOFW-DATA-3

"[T]he absence of evaluation reports on the impact of the Programme for Women and the limited participation of civil society organizations, in particular independent women’s rights organizations, in the implementation and review of gender equality legislation and programmes" (Page 5). "The Committee welcomes the adoption of the National Climate Change Adaptation Plan (2014–2020) and notes that nearly half of the members of the National Climate Change Adaptation Strategy 2035 expert panel are women" (Page 14).