Latest items for Burma/Myanmar
Jan. 16, 2025, 11:19 a.m.
Countries: Burma/Myanmar
Variables: SEGI-PRACTICE-2
"Part of the large Burmese diaspora in Chiang Mai, Thailand, Ms. Ying Lao has long worked for democratic and feminist causes. But she has faced a backlash for her public evisceration of manels and her demand that at least 30 percent of every panel be female. Some critics have implied that attacking opposition figures makes her complicit with the military. A few manelists, or members of all-male panels, have vowed to change. Not all of them have made good on that promise" (para 6-7). "Initially, Ms. Ying Lao challenged manelists and organizers in private. When her concerns were dismissed, she went public. Now she and a handful of other female...more
Variables: SEGI-PRACTICE-2
"Part of the large Burmese diaspora in Chiang Mai, Thailand, Ms. Ying Lao has long worked for democratic and feminist causes. But she has faced a backlash for her public evisceration of manels and her demand that at least 30 percent of every panel be female. Some critics have implied that attacking opposition figures makes her complicit with the military. A few manelists, or members of all-male panels, have vowed to change. Not all of them have made good on that promise" (para 6-7). "Initially, Ms. Ying Lao challenged manelists and organizers in private. When her concerns were dismissed, she went public. Now she and a handful of other female...more
Jan. 16, 2025, 11:19 a.m.
Countries: Burma/Myanmar
Variables: SEGI-PRACTICE-1
"Initially, Ms. Ying Lao challenged manelists and organizers in private. When her concerns were dismissed, she went public. Now she and a handful of other female activists call out every manel they come across with a campaign they call Burma’s Manels Watch. Both the organizers and the manelists are the targets of their ire" (para 14-15). "For International Women’s Day in March 2023, Ms. Ying Lao arranged an exhibition in Chiang Mai. Its tagline declared: 'A manel a day keeps democracy away.' Visitors gazed at screenshots and pictures of hundreds of manelists staring at them from posters. There was a bingo board showcasing common excuses used by manel organizers to...more
Variables: SEGI-PRACTICE-1
"Initially, Ms. Ying Lao challenged manelists and organizers in private. When her concerns were dismissed, she went public. Now she and a handful of other female activists call out every manel they come across with a campaign they call Burma’s Manels Watch. Both the organizers and the manelists are the targets of their ire" (para 14-15). "For International Women’s Day in March 2023, Ms. Ying Lao arranged an exhibition in Chiang Mai. Its tagline declared: 'A manel a day keeps democracy away.' Visitors gazed at screenshots and pictures of hundreds of manelists staring at them from posters. There was a bingo board showcasing common excuses used by manel organizers to...more
Jan. 16, 2025, 11:19 a.m.
Countries: Burma/Myanmar
Variables: NGOFW-DATA-1
"'Unless we are effectively fighting the patriarchy, we will never defeat the military,' said Ms. Ying Lao, who runs the Salween Institute for Public Policy, a Myanmar-focused think tank" (para 5). "But that is an incorrect appraisal of Ms. Ying Lao’s efforts, said Debbie Stothard, director of Altsean-Burma, a regional rights group supporting women’s empowerment in Myanmar" (para 27).
Variables: NGOFW-DATA-1
"'Unless we are effectively fighting the patriarchy, we will never defeat the military,' said Ms. Ying Lao, who runs the Salween Institute for Public Policy, a Myanmar-focused think tank" (para 5). "But that is an incorrect appraisal of Ms. Ying Lao’s efforts, said Debbie Stothard, director of Altsean-Burma, a regional rights group supporting women’s empowerment in Myanmar" (para 27).
Jan. 16, 2025, 11:19 a.m.
Countries: Burma/Myanmar
Variables: GP-DATA-1
"A panel discussion in Myanmar about female leadership had two speakers. Both were male. Another talk, about how to stay safe from the military government’s deadly bombing campaign against civilians, featured four men and no women. Yet another, an event to raise funds for rebel forces, gathered more than a dozen speakers online, all of them men. Over the past four years, Ying Lao has documented scores of 'manels' — all-male panels — organized by the pro-democracy movement in Myanmar" (para 1-4). "With the exception of Daw Aung San Suu Kyi, Myanmar’s former civilian leader, the country’s politics have been dominated by men. She was the only female member of...more
Variables: GP-DATA-1
"A panel discussion in Myanmar about female leadership had two speakers. Both were male. Another talk, about how to stay safe from the military government’s deadly bombing campaign against civilians, featured four men and no women. Yet another, an event to raise funds for rebel forces, gathered more than a dozen speakers online, all of them men. Over the past four years, Ying Lao has documented scores of 'manels' — all-male panels — organized by the pro-democracy movement in Myanmar" (para 1-4). "With the exception of Daw Aung San Suu Kyi, Myanmar’s former civilian leader, the country’s politics have been dominated by men. She was the only female member of...more
Jan. 16, 2025, 11:19 a.m.
Countries: Burma/Myanmar
Variables: GEW-PRACTICE-1, GEW-DATA-1
"Women have rejected cultural norms by picking up weapons against the military. And they have suffered sexual violence perpetrated by the military for decades" (para 11).
Variables: GEW-PRACTICE-1, GEW-DATA-1
"Women have rejected cultural norms by picking up weapons against the military. And they have suffered sexual violence perpetrated by the military for decades" (para 11).
Jan. 16, 2025, 11:19 a.m.
Countries: Burma/Myanmar
Variables: IIP-PRACTICE-2, EWCMS-PRACTICE-4
"But women have been at the forefront of the struggle against the junta. They have marched in peaceful protests. They strung up their sarongs over streets as shields because many men fear that walking under them will sap their virility. Women have rejected cultural norms by picking up weapons against the military" (para 10).
Variables: IIP-PRACTICE-2, EWCMS-PRACTICE-4
"But women have been at the forefront of the struggle against the junta. They have marched in peaceful protests. They strung up their sarongs over streets as shields because many men fear that walking under them will sap their virility. Women have rejected cultural norms by picking up weapons against the military" (para 10).
Jan. 16, 2025, 11:19 a.m.
Countries: Burma/Myanmar
Variables: DMW-PRACTICE-1
"One aspect of that order is the tradition of hpoun, a belief that asserts that men possess greater spiritual power than women. It often keeps women from rising in society" (para 9). "Not all segments of Burmese society see women as inferior to men" (para 11).
Variables: DMW-PRACTICE-1
"One aspect of that order is the tradition of hpoun, a belief that asserts that men possess greater spiritual power than women. It often keeps women from rising in society" (para 9). "Not all segments of Burmese society see women as inferior to men" (para 11).
Dec. 31, 2024, 4:46 p.m.
Countries: Belarus, Botswana, Burma/Myanmar, Djibouti, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Kuwait, Libya, Montenegro, Palestine, Papua New Guinea, Russia, Syria, Turkmenistan
Variables: IRP-SCALE-1
10
Variables: IRP-SCALE-1
10
Dec. 30, 2024, 11:27 a.m.
Countries: Burma/Myanmar
Variables: IRP-LAW-1
"She, like others who spoke for this article, asked not to be identified by her full name because her family does not know how she earns money and prostitution is illegal in Myanmar" (par. 2-4).
Variables: IRP-LAW-1
"She, like others who spoke for this article, asked not to be identified by her full name because her family does not know how she earns money and prostitution is illegal in Myanmar" (par. 2-4).
Dec. 30, 2024, 11:27 a.m.
Countries: Burma/Myanmar
Variables: AFE-PRACTICE-2, AFE-LAW-1
"After seven years of medical school in Myanmar, May finally achieved her goal of becoming a doctor. But a month after she graduated and found a job, her dreams started unraveling" (par. 1).
Variables: AFE-PRACTICE-2, AFE-LAW-1
"After seven years of medical school in Myanmar, May finally achieved her goal of becoming a doctor. But a month after she graduated and found a job, her dreams started unraveling" (par. 1).
Dec. 30, 2024, 11:27 a.m.
Countries: Burma/Myanmar
Variables: ERBG-DATA-1
"Women have borne the brunt of the economic crisis. They already earn less compared with their male counterparts — a study from April to June 2024 showed female daily-wage workers make an average of about $5, while men could earn as much as 40 percent more doing the same job" (par. 24).
Variables: ERBG-DATA-1
"Women have borne the brunt of the economic crisis. They already earn less compared with their male counterparts — a study from April to June 2024 showed female daily-wage workers make an average of about $5, while men could earn as much as 40 percent more doing the same job" (par. 24).
Dec. 30, 2024, 11:27 a.m.
Countries: Burma/Myanmar
Variables: ERBG-PRACTICE-2, ERBG-DATA-2
"And the unemployment rate for women remains far higher than that for men" (par. 24).
Variables: ERBG-PRACTICE-2, ERBG-DATA-2
"And the unemployment rate for women remains far higher than that for men" (par. 24).
Dec. 30, 2024, 11:27 a.m.
Countries: Burma/Myanmar
Variables: ERBG-PRACTICE-4
"Garment factories were once a lifeline for women from Myanmar’s villages and were projected to employ 1.6 million workers by 2026. Many of these are now shut and their companies have pulled out of Myanmar after the coup" (par. 25).
Variables: ERBG-PRACTICE-4
"Garment factories were once a lifeline for women from Myanmar’s villages and were projected to employ 1.6 million workers by 2026. Many of these are now shut and their companies have pulled out of Myanmar after the coup" (par. 25).
Dec. 30, 2024, 11:27 a.m.
Countries: Burma/Myanmar
Variables: GEW-PRACTICE-1
"But the rise in prostitution is another blow to the status of women, who have been sexually abused by the military for decades" (par. 8). "There is no end in sight to this misery — the junta has lost a lot of ground to the rebels but still controls Myanmar’s cities, where prostitution has increased in brothels, karaoke bars, nightclubs and hotels" (par. 9).
Variables: GEW-PRACTICE-1
"But the rise in prostitution is another blow to the status of women, who have been sexually abused by the military for decades" (par. 8). "There is no end in sight to this misery — the junta has lost a lot of ground to the rebels but still controls Myanmar’s cities, where prostitution has increased in brothels, karaoke bars, nightclubs and hotels" (par. 9).
Dec. 30, 2024, 11:27 a.m.
Countries: Burma/Myanmar
Variables: IRP-DATA-2
"It is hard to track how many women are involved in the trade, but women plying the streets have become much more apparent. In interviews, half a dozen women — four white-collar workers who have turned to prostitution and two rights activists — said that more educated women are now having sex with men to make a living" (par. 7). "There is no end in sight to this misery — the junta has lost a lot of ground to the rebels but still controls Myanmar’s cities, where prostitution has increased in brothels, karaoke bars, nightclubs and hotels" (par. 9).
Variables: IRP-DATA-2
"It is hard to track how many women are involved in the trade, but women plying the streets have become much more apparent. In interviews, half a dozen women — four white-collar workers who have turned to prostitution and two rights activists — said that more educated women are now having sex with men to make a living" (par. 7). "There is no end in sight to this misery — the junta has lost a lot of ground to the rebels but still controls Myanmar’s cities, where prostitution has increased in brothels, karaoke bars, nightclubs and hotels" (par. 9).
Dec. 30, 2024, 11:27 a.m.
Countries: Burma/Myanmar
Variables: IRP-DATA-3
"It is hard to track how many women are involved in the trade, but women plying the streets have become much more apparent. In interviews, half a dozen women — four white-collar workers who have turned to prostitution and two rights activists — said that more educated women are now having sex with men to make a living" (par. 7).
Variables: IRP-DATA-3
"It is hard to track how many women are involved in the trade, but women plying the streets have become much more apparent. In interviews, half a dozen women — four white-collar workers who have turned to prostitution and two rights activists — said that more educated women are now having sex with men to make a living" (par. 7).
Dec. 30, 2024, 11:27 a.m.
Countries: Burma/Myanmar
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1
"In February 2021, Myanmar’s military seized power in a coup, and the country’s economy, already hammered by the pandemic, started to buckle. Prices soared and May’s paycheck, the equivalent of $415 a month, evaporated even faster. With her father suffering from kidney disease, she grew more and more desperate. Then she met 'date girls,' who were making twice as much as her. The money was enticing — even if it involved sex with men. 'It’s difficult to accept that, despite all my years of study to become a doctor, I’m now doing this kind of work just to make ends meet,' said May, 26, who has been working as a...more
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1
"In February 2021, Myanmar’s military seized power in a coup, and the country’s economy, already hammered by the pandemic, started to buckle. Prices soared and May’s paycheck, the equivalent of $415 a month, evaporated even faster. With her father suffering from kidney disease, she grew more and more desperate. Then she met 'date girls,' who were making twice as much as her. The money was enticing — even if it involved sex with men. 'It’s difficult to accept that, despite all my years of study to become a doctor, I’m now doing this kind of work just to make ends meet,' said May, 26, who has been working as a...more
Dec. 30, 2024, 11:27 a.m.
Countries: Burma/Myanmar
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-3
"Zar was a nurse at a private hospital in Mandalay, which was shut down by the military government because its doctors had joined the protest movement. Then a friend pitched her a way to make money. Just be a date girl, her friend said. Before her first day on the job, Zar, 25, said she watched some pornography to try to figure out what to do. She said her first client was a Chinese man who looked around 40 and spoke little Burmese and no English. At one point, he tried to have sex without a condom, but she insisted that he had to use one. 'It lasted about 20...more
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-3
"Zar was a nurse at a private hospital in Mandalay, which was shut down by the military government because its doctors had joined the protest movement. Then a friend pitched her a way to make money. Just be a date girl, her friend said. Before her first day on the job, Zar, 25, said she watched some pornography to try to figure out what to do. She said her first client was a Chinese man who looked around 40 and spoke little Burmese and no English. At one point, he tried to have sex without a condom, but she insisted that he had to use one. 'It lasted about 20...more
Dec. 30, 2024, 11:27 a.m.
Countries: Burma/Myanmar
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-5
"This desperation is forcing women to break the law by selling sex. Those detained by the police often have to pay bribes to secure their release, adding another layer of jeopardy" (par. 17).
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-5
"This desperation is forcing women to break the law by selling sex. Those detained by the police often have to pay bribes to secure their release, adding another layer of jeopardy" (par. 17).
Dec. 30, 2024, 11:27 a.m.
Countries: Burma/Myanmar
Variables: PRN-PRACTICE-1
"Zar was a nurse at a private hospital in Mandalay, which was shut down by the military government because its doctors had joined the protest movement. Then a friend pitched her a way to make money. Just be a date girl, her friend said. Before her first day on the job, Zar, 25, said she watched some pornography to try to figure out what to do. She said her first client was a Chinese man who looked around 40 and spoke little Burmese and no English. At one point, he tried to have sex without a condom, but she insisted that he had to use one. 'It lasted about 20...more
Variables: PRN-PRACTICE-1
"Zar was a nurse at a private hospital in Mandalay, which was shut down by the military government because its doctors had joined the protest movement. Then a friend pitched her a way to make money. Just be a date girl, her friend said. Before her first day on the job, Zar, 25, said she watched some pornography to try to figure out what to do. She said her first client was a Chinese man who looked around 40 and spoke little Burmese and no English. At one point, he tried to have sex without a condom, but she insisted that he had to use one. 'It lasted about 20...more
Dec. 30, 2024, 11:27 a.m.
Countries: Burma/Myanmar
Variables: SEGI-PRACTICE-1
"Following the coup, women were at the forefront of protests. They marched on the streets and hung up their sarongs as a hex against soldiers" (par. 8).
Variables: SEGI-PRACTICE-1
"Following the coup, women were at the forefront of protests. They marched on the streets and hung up their sarongs as a hex against soldiers" (par. 8).
Dec. 30, 2024, 11:27 a.m.
Countries: Burma/Myanmar
Variables: SEGI-PRACTICE-3
"Zar was a nurse at a private hospital in Mandalay, which was shut down by the military government because its doctors had joined the protest movement" (par. 10).
Variables: SEGI-PRACTICE-3
"Zar was a nurse at a private hospital in Mandalay, which was shut down by the military government because its doctors had joined the protest movement" (par. 10).
Dec. 4, 2024, 4:45 p.m.
Countries: Burma/Myanmar
Variables: EWCMS-PRACTICE-4
"Women were at the forefront of resistance to the 2021 coup when the military overthrew and detained civilian leader Aung San Suu Kyi and her elected government" (par. 43). "Women have also joined armed groups, forming entire battalions, and a Women Warriors group, whose 200-plus members have produced more than 1,100 landmines for use by other forces in the Sagaing region according to The Irrawaddy news website" (par. 44). "In the eastern Shan State, at least three ethnic armed groups have announced mandatory service policies in recent months; two of these groups - the Restoration Council of Shan State and the Ta'ang National Liberation Army - conscript women" (par. 64).more
Variables: EWCMS-PRACTICE-4
"Women were at the forefront of resistance to the 2021 coup when the military overthrew and detained civilian leader Aung San Suu Kyi and her elected government" (par. 43). "Women have also joined armed groups, forming entire battalions, and a Women Warriors group, whose 200-plus members have produced more than 1,100 landmines for use by other forces in the Sagaing region according to The Irrawaddy news website" (par. 44). "In the eastern Shan State, at least three ethnic armed groups have announced mandatory service policies in recent months; two of these groups - the Restoration Council of Shan State and the Ta'ang National Liberation Army - conscript women" (par. 64).more
Dec. 4, 2024, 4:45 p.m.
Countries: Burma/Myanmar
Variables: GEW-PRACTICE-1
"In his report, U.N. Special Rapporteur Andrews said women, girls, and LGBTQ+ people were acutely vulnerable to discrimination, violence, and exploitation since the coup. 'Cruelty and dehumanisation are the defining features of widespread sexual violence perpetrated by junta forces in conflict zones, at check points and in places of detention,' Andrews wrote" (par. 34-35). "Since the coup, LBGTQ+ advocacy groups have said that the military has sexually abused transgender political prisoners" (par. 54).
Variables: GEW-PRACTICE-1
"In his report, U.N. Special Rapporteur Andrews said women, girls, and LGBTQ+ people were acutely vulnerable to discrimination, violence, and exploitation since the coup. 'Cruelty and dehumanisation are the defining features of widespread sexual violence perpetrated by junta forces in conflict zones, at check points and in places of detention,' Andrews wrote" (par. 34-35). "Since the coup, LBGTQ+ advocacy groups have said that the military has sexually abused transgender political prisoners" (par. 54).
Dec. 4, 2024, 4:45 p.m.
Countries: Burma/Myanmar
Variables: EWCMS-PRACTICE-3
"Min Htet Aung, a lead researcher for BACS, said women would face unique risks if forced to serve. 'The Myanmar military is an organisation dominated by patriarchy and male chauvinism. Consequently, women who join the military may face discrimination and sexual abuse,' he said in an emailed response to questions" (par. 41-42). "Min Htet Aung said the army was snatching people from their homes, roadside checkpoints, tea shops and bars and sometimes soldiers threatened the parents of people who had fled, a tactic it also uses against opponents" (par. 58).
Variables: EWCMS-PRACTICE-3
"Min Htet Aung, a lead researcher for BACS, said women would face unique risks if forced to serve. 'The Myanmar military is an organisation dominated by patriarchy and male chauvinism. Consequently, women who join the military may face discrimination and sexual abuse,' he said in an emailed response to questions" (par. 41-42). "Min Htet Aung said the army was snatching people from their homes, roadside checkpoints, tea shops and bars and sometimes soldiers threatened the parents of people who had fled, a tactic it also uses against opponents" (par. 58).
Dec. 4, 2024, 4:45 p.m.
Countries: Burma/Myanmar
Variables: EWCMS-PRACTICE-1
"And in the past months, there have been signs that their exemption from military service may be coming to an end. Several media have said that local-level officials serving under the military's administration were drawing up lists of women who were eligible to be called up to the army. The military has denied these claims - describing them as "fake news" - but an analysis of military pamphlets and pro-military media channels conducted by the Burma Affairs and Conflict Study (BACS) advocacy group found that women were likely to be included in the fifth batch of conscripts, due to be called up in August" (par. 38-40).
Variables: EWCMS-PRACTICE-1
"And in the past months, there have been signs that their exemption from military service may be coming to an end. Several media have said that local-level officials serving under the military's administration were drawing up lists of women who were eligible to be called up to the army. The military has denied these claims - describing them as "fake news" - but an analysis of military pamphlets and pro-military media channels conducted by the Burma Affairs and Conflict Study (BACS) advocacy group found that women were likely to be included in the fifth batch of conscripts, due to be called up in August" (par. 38-40).
Dec. 4, 2024, 4:45 p.m.
Countries: Burma/Myanmar
Variables: ERBG-DATA-2
"The military call-up comes on top of an economic crisis that has sent the currency spiralling lower, seen poverty rates soaring to 2015 levels, and caused unemployment to surge. The World Bank says women have been particularly hard hit by the economic downturn that followed the Covid pandemic and the coup. Unemployment among women rose to 11% by the end of 2023 from 3% in 2017" (par. 30-31).
Variables: ERBG-DATA-2
"The military call-up comes on top of an economic crisis that has sent the currency spiralling lower, seen poverty rates soaring to 2015 levels, and caused unemployment to surge. The World Bank says women have been particularly hard hit by the economic downturn that followed the Covid pandemic and the coup. Unemployment among women rose to 11% by the end of 2023 from 3% in 2017" (par. 30-31).
Dec. 4, 2024, 4:45 p.m.
Countries: Burma/Myanmar
Variables: CWC-DATA-3
"Around one-fifth of the 20,000 political prisoners in Myanmar are female, according to a local rights group, while United Nations data shows that females make up around half of the country's 3 million displaced" (par. 45). "The International Organization for Migration in Thailand said it had seen a steady increase in people crossing the border from Myanmar, including a nearly 30% increase between January and February. In response to emailed questions, Géraldine Ansart, chief of mission at the IOM in Thailand, said women are more likely than men to enter Thailand without official documentation, which leaves them open to labour exploitation" (par. 61-62).
Variables: CWC-DATA-3
"Around one-fifth of the 20,000 political prisoners in Myanmar are female, according to a local rights group, while United Nations data shows that females make up around half of the country's 3 million displaced" (par. 45). "The International Organization for Migration in Thailand said it had seen a steady increase in people crossing the border from Myanmar, including a nearly 30% increase between January and February. In response to emailed questions, Géraldine Ansart, chief of mission at the IOM in Thailand, said women are more likely than men to enter Thailand without official documentation, which leaves them open to labour exploitation" (par. 61-62).
Dec. 4, 2024, 4:45 p.m.
Countries: Burma/Myanmar
Variables: EWCMS-LAW-2
"Estelle knew she had to flee Myanmar. The military junta had just announced it would introduce conscription to bolster its forces against myriad armed groups challenging its power, and she was terrified she would be forced to fight. The former government worker, whose name has been changed to protect her identity, is among thousands of people who have decided to leave their homes since the mandatory military service law was announced in February, and then came into effect in April" (par. 1-2). But they took the risk anyway despite the fact that, at 36, Estelle falls outside the age range for conscription. A few days after its initial announcement, the...more
Variables: EWCMS-LAW-2
"Estelle knew she had to flee Myanmar. The military junta had just announced it would introduce conscription to bolster its forces against myriad armed groups challenging its power, and she was terrified she would be forced to fight. The former government worker, whose name has been changed to protect her identity, is among thousands of people who have decided to leave their homes since the mandatory military service law was announced in February, and then came into effect in April" (par. 1-2). But they took the risk anyway despite the fact that, at 36, Estelle falls outside the age range for conscription. A few days after its initial announcement, the...more
Dec. 4, 2024, 4:45 p.m.
Countries: Burma/Myanmar
Variables: EWCMS-LAW-1
"Men aged 18 to 35 and women aged 18 to 27 are eligible, with the age limit extending to 45 for men and 35 for women in the case of specialists like doctors. The term of service is two or three years but extends to five in the case of a national emergency, such as that imposed since the coup" (par. 18).
Variables: EWCMS-LAW-1
"Men aged 18 to 35 and women aged 18 to 27 are eligible, with the age limit extending to 45 for men and 35 for women in the case of specialists like doctors. The term of service is two or three years but extends to five in the case of a national emergency, such as that imposed since the coup" (par. 18).